mited size of his work, that he must ne- formed his ultimate decision as to the tain it. The old man was extremely incessarily have written with great brevity, measures most proper to be pursued. quisitive, and directed his attention to yet he has a good taste in the choice of It was their unanimous opinion, that those things which appeared useful, rather An instance of this occurred on my orderhis subjects: he intersperses classical any further attempt to proceed to the than to those which were merely amusing. and antiquarian research with acute re-westward would be fruitless, and that ing a tin canister of preserved meat to be flections and interesting portraits of the plan adopted of running back along opened for the boats' crews' dinner. existing manners; and we consider his the edge of the ice to eastward, in order The old man was sitting on the rock, atwork a valuable addition to the in- to look out for an opening towards the tentively watching the operation, which formation already known respecting American continent was most advisea- was performed with an axe struck by a those interesting portions of the globe, ble. This was on the 26th of August, mallet, when one of the men came up to -Greece, Turkey, and Italy. If he and in pursuing the course determined us with a looking-glass. I held it up to had not so frequently quoted Pausa on, several small islands were disco- each of the Esquimaux, who had also seen one the preceding evening, and then Having traced the ice the it into each of their hands succes- ? nias, we should not have liked him the vered. gave less, but we cannot withhold our hum-whole way from the longitude of 114° sively. The younger one was quite in ble tribute of praise for the entertain- to that of 90°, without discovering any raptures, and literally jumped for joy ing and instructive volume with which opening to give a hope of penetrating for nearly a quarter of an hour: but the he has furnished the public. The em- to the southward, Captain Parry de-old man having had one smile at his own queer face, immediately resunted his bellishments consist of several coloured termined to return to England. former gravity, and, returning me the engravings. glass, directed his whole attention to the was effected, begged very hard for the. opening of the canister, and when this mallet which had performed so useful an office, without expressing the least wish to partake of the meat, even when he saw us eating it with good appetites. Being prevailed on, however, to taste a little of it, with some biscuit, they did not seem at all to relish it, but ate a small quantity from an evident desire not to offend us, and then deposited the rest safely in their canoes. They could not be persuaded to taste any rum, after once smelling it, even when much diluted with water. I do not know whether it be a circumstance worthy of notice, that, when a kaleidoscope or a telescope was given them to look one of them used the right, and the other into, they immediately shut one eye, and the left eye.' Deeming that it might be of some advantage to the whale fishery, he made Journal of a Voyage for the Discovery a general survey of the western coast of of a North West Passage from the Buffin's Bay, of which he has given an Atlantic to the Pacific; performed admirable chart. On the 3rd of Sepin the Years 1819-20, in His Majes-tember, they passed some icebergs, ty's Ships Hecla and Griper, under which were a hundred and fifty or two They the Orders of William Edw. Parry, hundred feet above the sea. R. N., F. R. S. and Commander soon after met with some whalers, and the master of one of them telling Capof the Expedition. tain Parry, that he had met with some Esquimaux in the inlet, named the river Clyde, in 1818, he determined, if possible, to communicate with them. They soon came up with four canoes, each containing an Esquimaux, who approached the ships, and were taken on board by their own desire. One of thein was an old man, about sixty years, The two Esquimaux tents, which we and the other three, from nineteen to were now going to visit, were situated just thirty years of age. They were much pleased, and expressed their delight by within a low point of land, forming the jumping, and by loud and repeated eastern side of the entrance to a considerejaculations. They were much better able branch of the inlet, extending some behaved than the Esquimaux who vi- distance to the northward. The situation is warm and pleasant, having a southsited our ships in 1818, and, although westerly aspect, and being in every rethere was no interpreter, they bartered spect well adapted for the convenient resiseveral articles, (the Esquimaux shew-dence of these poor people. We landed ing they were no strangers to traffic) outside the point, and walked over to the and prevailed on the old man to sit tents, sending our boats, accompanied by pretty quiet while Lieutenant Beechey the two canoes, round the point to meet us. As soon as we came in sight of the made a drawing of him: a drawing was tents, every living animal there, men, woalso made of one of the young men. On the next day, Captain Parry and men, children, and dogs, were in motion, the latter to the top of the hill out of our some of his officers went on shore, to and the rest to meet us with loud way, have a little more intercourse with the Esquimaux :— (Concluded from p. 325.) AFTER making an accurate survey of Winter Harbour, where the vessels had been locked up nearly eleven months, Captain Parry determined to quit, and which was done on the 1st of August, when the sea wore a flattering appearance to the westward. The vessels, after being stopped by the ice, near -Cape Hay, penetrated to the longitude of 113° 48′ 22′′5, being the westernmost meridian hitherto reached in the Polar sea, to the north of America. The difficulty of navigating the ships now became excessive, and there was little hope of making further progress to the westward in this latitude. An investigation was now commenced of the state of the ships, provisions, fuel, &c. The ships were almost as effective as when they left England; the provisions, at a reduced allowance, would last until November, 1821; and the fuel would be exhausted in about the same period; the health of the men was good, but if they had remained another winter, the whole of both crews must have been brought on board the To shew their disposition,' says CapHecla. The lemon-juice, the only anti-tain Parry, to do us what little service men whom we had already seen, there scorbutic left, was nearly exhausted; was in their power, he afterwards emand this, coupled with the circumstance ployed himself in sharpening the sea were four women, one of which being of their having to crowd nearly one men's knives, which he did with great ex- about the same age as the old man, was hundred persons into the accommoda- pertness on a flat smooth stone, return- probably his wife; the others were about ing each as soon as finished, to its proper thirty, twenty-two, and eighteen years of tion intended only for fifty-eight, would owner, and then making signs for another, age. The first two of these, whom we be likely to endanger their health. which he sharpened and returned in the supposed to be married to the two eldest. These consideratious induced Captain same way, without any attempt, and appa- of the young men, had infants slung in a Parry to consult his officers before he rently without the smallest desire, to de-kind of bag at their backs, much in the piland continued shouting; the word " letay" [give me] being the only articulate sound we could distinguish, amidst Besides the four the general uproar. same way as gypsies are accustomed to carry their children. There were also seven children, from twelve to three years of age, besides the two infants in arms, or rather behind their mothers' backs; and the woman of thirty was with child. duals; skin smooth; complexion not | et is of seal-skin, with a short pointed flap. very dark, except that of the old man; before and a long one behind, reaching, teeth very white; eyes small; nose broad, almost to the ground. They had on a but not very flat; hair black, straight, and kind of drawers, similar to those described glossy; and their hands and feet ex- by Crantz, as the summer-dress of the tremely diminutive. The old man had a | Greenland women, and no breeches. We began, as before, by buying what- grey beard, in which the black hairs pre- The drawers cover the middle part of the ever they had to dispose of, giving in ex-dominated, and wore the hair rather long body, from the hips to one-third down change knives, axes, brass kettles, nee- upon his upper lip, which was also the the thigh, the rest of which is entirely dles, and other useful articles, and then case with the eldest of the three others. naked nearly as far as the knee. The added such presents as might be further One of these, we thought, bore a striking boots are like those of the men, and beserviceable to them. From the first mo- resemblance to our poor friend John sides these they have a pair of very loose ment of our arrival until we left them. or Sackheuse, well known as the Esquimaux leggins, as they may be called, which, rather until we had nothing left to give, who accompanied the former expedition, hang down carelessly upon the top of the the females were particularly importunate the want of whose services we particularly boots, suffering their thighs to be exposed with us, and "pilletay" resounded from felt on this occasion, and whose prema in the manner before described, but the whole troop, wherever we went: they ture death had been sincerely lamented which may be intended occasionally to were extremely anxious to obtain our by all who knew him, as an intelligent fasten up, so as to complete the covering buttons, apparently more on account of and amiable man, and a valuable member of the whole body. The children are all the ornament of the crown and anchor of society. remarkably well clothed; their dress, which they observed upon them, than 'The grown-up females measured from both in male and female, being in every from any value they set upon their use; four feet ten to four feet eleven inches. respect the same as that of the men, and and several of these were cut off our jack- The features of the two youngest were re- composed entirely of seal-skin, very neatets to please their fancy. When I first gular; their complexions clear, and by no ly sewed. endeavoured to bargain for a sledge, the means dark; their eyes small, black, and persons I addressed gave me distinctly to piercing; teeth beautifully white and understand by signs, that it was not their perfect; and although the form of their property, and pointed towards the woman faces is round and chubby, and their noses who owned it; though my ignorance in rather flat than otherwise, their countethis respect offered a good opportunity of nances might, perhaps, be considered defrauding me, had they been so inclined, pleasing even according to the ideas of by receiving an equivalent for that which beauty which habit has taught us to enterdid not belong to them: on the owner's tain. Their hair, which is jet-black, hangs coming forward, the bargain was quickly down long and loose about their shoulconcluded. The pikes which I gave inders, a part of it on each side being careexchange underwent the usual ceremony of licking, and the sledge was carried to our boat with the most perfect understanding ou both sides. In another instance, an axe was offered by some of the Griper's gentlemen, as the price of a dog, to which the woman who owned the animal consented. To shew that we placed full confidence in them, the axe was given to her before the dog was caught, and she immediately went away with a kind of halter or harness of thongs, which they use for this purpose, and honestly brought one of the finest among them, though nothing would have been easier than to have evaded the performance of her contract. The readiness, however, with which they generally parted with their commodities, was by no means the effect of fear, nor did it always depend on the value of the articles offered in exchange; for, having, as I thought, concluded a bargain for a second canoe belonging to the old woman, I desired the men to hand it down to the boat: but I soon perceived that I had misunderstood her, for she clung fast to the canoe, and cried most piteously till it was set down; I then offered a larger price than before, but she could not be induced to part with it. The stature of these people, like that of Esquimaux in general, is much below the usual standard. The height of the old man, who was rather bent by age, was four feet eleven inches, and that of the other men from five feet four and a half to five feet six inches. Their faces are round and plump in the younger indivi 'The tents which compose their summer-habitations, are principally supported by a long pole of whalebone, fourteen feet high, standing perpendicularly, with four or five feet of it projecting above the skins which form the roof and sides. The length of the tent is seventeen, and its breadth from seven to nine feet, the narrowest part being next the door, and widening towards the inner part, where the bed, composed of a quantity of the small shrubby plant, the Andromeda Tetragona, occupies about one-third of the whole apartment. The pole of the tent is fixed where the bed commences, and the latter is kept separate by some pieces of bone laid across the tent from side to side. The door, which faces the south-west, is also formed of two pieces of bone, with the upper ends fastened together, and the skins are made to overlap in that part of the tent, which is much lower than the inner end. The covering is fastened to the ground by curved pieces of bone, beThe children were generally good-were ten or fifteen yards apart, and about ing generally parts of the whale; the tents looking, and the eldest boy, about twelve the same distance from the beach.' years of age, was a remarkably fine and even handsome lad. They were rather scared at us at first; but kind treatment, and a few trifling presents, soon removed their fears, and made them almost as importunate as the rest. lessly plaited, and sometimes rolled up It is pleasing to record of these rude inhabitants of so ungenial a climate, that they were perfectly honest in all their dealings, and not a single instance occurred of their pilfering the most trifling articles, although they had suffi cient opportunities to have done it. Captain Parry now took leave of his new acquaintance, and directed his course for England. On the 29th of September, he landed at Peterhead, with Captain Sabine and Mr. Hooper, and arrived in London on the 3rd of November. The dress of the men consists of a seal-skin jacket, with a hood, which is occasionally drawn over the head, of which it forms the only covering. The breeches are also generally of seal-skin, and are made to reach below the knee, and their boots, which meet the breeches, are made of the same material. In this dress, we perceived no difference from that of the other Esquimaux, except that the jacket, instead of having a pointed flap The Appendix, which has been prinbefore and behind, as usual, was quite straight behind, and had a sort of scollop cipally arranged by Captain Sabine, before in the centre. In the dress of the contains much valuable scientific inwomen, there was not so much regard to formation, including tables of the godecency as in that of the men. The jack-ing of the chronometers, lunar and magnetic observations, observations to determine the latitude and longitude by the chronometers, on the variation of the compass, a table of day's work, or progress made each day by the Hecla, tide table in Winter Harbour, experiments to determine the acceleration of the pendulum in different latitudes; with remarks on the state of health and disease. From the last we make an extract, which shows the effects of severe cold: A house, erected on shore for scientific purposes, caught fire by accident during the winter. A servant of Captain Sabine, in his endeavours to extinguish it, exposed his hands in the first instance to the operation of considerable heat; he afterwards remained in the open air in much distress of mind, at having been, in some measure, the involuntary cause of the accident, and was almost unconscious of the effects of a temperature of 43° to 44" below zero of Fahrenheit, upon his naked hands. He was at length noticed in this situation, and sent on board. great geographical question, great bene- board the ships were given to Captain terary production, his work is entitled Queen Mab. By Percy Bysshe Shelley. 8vo. pp. 182. London, 1821. MR. SHELLEY furnishes one of the most striking and melancholy instances of the perversion, or rather prostitution of genius, that we ever inet with. With talents that, if properly directed, might have made hin universally admired and esteemed, he has made such a total wreck of his character, that he has not only armed society against him, but has almost put himself ont of In taking our leave of Captain Parry, we know not which to admire most, his enterprizing and undaunted character, his amiable disposition as a His hands presented a strange appear-he narrates his success. Even as a licommander, or the modesty with which ance; they were perfectly haid, inflexible, colourless, possessing a degree of translucency, exhibiting more the external character of pieces of sculptured marble, than those of animated matter. They were immediately plunged into the cold bath, where they continued for upwards of two hours cre their flexibility was com pletely recovered: the abstraction of heat had been so great, that the water in contact with the fingers congealed upon them, If there should be any of our readers even half an hour after they had been im- who may not see Captain Parry's mersed. During the cold application, a work, and we should be sorry that one considerable degree of re-action took of them should lose the treat, they place, attended by acute pain, from which may, perhaps, express some surprise at the patient became so faint and exhausted, the very different manner in which it as to necessitate his being conveyed to has been spoken of by a cotemporary, bed. In less than three hours, very ac- who calls it a dry journal,' meagre tive inflammation had supervened, extending high up the arm, and soon after- of novelty,' minutely tedious,' and wards each hand, from the wrist down-scandalously dear,' and not containing the pale of human laws. While we ward, was inclosed in a bladder, contain- one farthing's worth of intelligence ing upward of a pint of viscid serous fluid. more than Fisher's Narrative.' The There were, however, three of the fingers plates, says this liberal critic, in his of one hand, and two of the other, in first half-column notice of one of the which this vesication did not form; they most important publications of the year, continued cold, and perfectly insensible; and whilst arterial action was powerful, are. paltry catch-penny things,' alas far as the first joints of these fingers, the though, the week after, he says, the vessels of their extremities were in a percharts are admirable, and the plates fect state of collapsion. During the em- indifferent. To those who have seen ployment of antiphlogistic remedies to Captain Parry's work, it cannot be nereduce the inflammatory symptoms, vari- cessary to say one word on the illibeous stimuli were used ineffectually, to re- rality (to use no harsher term) of these store animation to the fingers: when the remarks; and we should have passed inflammation began to subside, a separa- them over in silence, but for an assertion took place between the dead and the living parts, and eventually the amputa- tion, which is still more reprehensible. tion of them became necessary.' In a preceding number, we quoted Captain Parry's opinion as to the probability of a north-west passage; he also shows, that whatever may be the result of any future attempt to decide this As a key to this conduct of the reviewer, it is only necessary to state, that the publisher of Mr. Fisher's work is the principal proprietor of the journal to which we allude. We have already observed, that all the journals kept on cannot but feel some portion of pity for a man of enlarged intellectual powers thus debasing himself, we feel disgust at his licentious and incestuous principles, and horror at his daring impiety; and his very name— 'Comes over our memory, As doth the raven o'er th' infected house, The history of the poem of Queen Mab' is as curious as the subject is impious. Whether, when it was first written some years ago, a trader in blasphemy was not to be found, or that the author felt some dread at the injury a general diffusion of his work might occasion, we know not, but it was only circulated privately among the author's friends; it was afterwards, we believe, printed in the Theological Enquirer; and the first three cantos also appeared under the title of "The Demon of the World;' tediousness. The reflections that are Unchecked by dull and selfish chastity.' We shall not quote another line from this baneful production, and shall only observe, that the private life of Mr. Shelley is said to be in unison with his principles; and that— your in honour; upon him Re calendar of fashion, by the very means which ought to sink them in eternal infamy, we scarcely know where to draw the line of discrimination. This is more particularly applicable to the profession of arms. The first thing impressed upon the young officer, is the necessity of maintaining his honour, and that he alone can be the arbitrator of his cause. Big with the important trust, his vigil fancy is ever on the watch lest he might unthinkingly permit some whispering breath to tarnish his new raised reputation. Thus every word or action of your life may be caught at by some untutored youth, who scarcely knows where reason or where honour lies. These are the evils against which the law provides; and let my friend reflect how incumbent it is on him, who would enjoy the blessings of society, to view such beneficial laws with that deference and awe which can alone uphold them in the public estimation."' Young man! by the laws of your His own example strengthens all his laws; country you have forfeited your life; by And he's himself the monster that he draws." the laws of our service you have forfeited Of the character of this poem, we your commission; and by the laws of mo- Observations on the Restrictive and Prohibitory Commercial System; esmight have been spared the labour of rality you have forfeited pecially with a Reference to the Decriticism, since a court of equity deem- but I would not too harshly judge you. I admit the provocation was truly great, cree of the Spanish Cortes, of July, ed its principles such, that the author and such as might, amongst mankind in 1820. From the MSS. of Jeremy ought not to be intrusted with the general, excuse the step you have taken. Bentham, Esq. By John Bowring. guardianship of his own children, of Yet do not from this infer, that any thing 8vo. pp. 44. London, 1821. which he was in consequence deprived. can exculpate the man who bids defiance THE elegant translator of the Russian A man of Mr. Shelley's cultivated to his country's laws, and takes Anthology, Mr. Bowring, is, we have mind, cannot but possess strong feel-self to be the umpire of his cause. ings, and he must sometimes reflect on view dispassionately the only object of a been told, an excellent linguist, and is the ruin he has brought on himself, duel,-revenge; and even could we master of we know not how many dead sanction such a claim, the attainment of and living languages; he is more,-he have and on the probable injury he may it rests upon a doubtful chance. The is acquainted with one which can neidone to society; if he does so reflect, young and inconsiderate man of fashion ther be called dead nor living-the he must have a hell in his own consci- will tell you much of honour, but in thus ence, which will torture him more se asserting it, he undermines the very base language of Jeremy Bentham, and has verely than even the scorn of society on which he seeks to raise his towering actually given a very intelligible version and the abborrence of all good men; column. I see my friend," continued of one of that gentleman's MS proand to that we consign him, sincerely he, taking me by the hand, "that you ductions. The pamphlet before us is wishing that this may be his only pufeel the impropriety of your conduct-I well written, and contains much sound nishment, and that it may never be see that you are truly sensible of the argument, to prove that the selfishness aggravated by the consciousness of error, which a mistaken notion of manly of our commercial policy, which fetters having destroyed the happiness of courage has led you into. It is with sa-trade by its restrictive and prohibitory tisfaction I have observed, that you have others, either by his preceptor example. hitherto resisted all those inducements to laws, is baneful and ruinous. wanton pleasures, and all the examples of fashionable excesses with which the military life so plentifully abounds. Your present fault would more command my pity than my censure. There are abuses existing in society over which the law holds no controul; there are poignant wounds too often inflicted on the feelings of mankind, and inflicted with impunity, because the bounds of justice reach them not. De Renzey; or, the Man of Sorrow. A Letter to the Creditors of the State concerning the National Debt. By a Barrister. 8vo. pp. 16. London, 1821. WE see nothing of the Barrister' in this painphlet, except that all its statements and arguments are ex parte and superficial. The author wishes to prove, that the fundholders have no moral or legitimate claims on the nation for the payment of the national debt; and threatens them, that unless they relinquish a portion of their claims at once, they shall, by and by, have nothing. We trust the British government will not break its faith with the public creditor, and that whatever difficulties we may labour under, our maxim will still be Fiat justicia, rudt cælum. THE author of this little work has, in the course of eighteen dialogues, so simplified the theory, or grammar, of music, as to render it intelligible to children at a very early age; and we recommend it to such parents and instructors as wish their infant charge to be instructed in this elegant accomplishment. however, improvement of every kind is? rapidly taking place. Hints to Teach Children the First | remarkable for producing excellent RISE AND PROGRESS OF HOR- practical works of the late Walter Ni- col are so recent as to be sufficiently (Concluded from page 316.) HORTICULTURE made astonishing proCrichton Garden was accounted the gress from the time of Miller. The richest in Scotland, during the life of general introduction of forcing houses the proprietor, who laid out great sums gave it a new feature. There were on it; subsequently, (i. e. from 1760 green-houses in England in the begin- to 1785,) that of Moredon, near Edinning of the 17th century; but no burgh, claimed the priority, and may The horticultural productions of structures roofed with glass and heated be considered as the first in that coun- Britain may, in variety, excellence, and by fire, till the commencement of the try in which forcing was carried to any quantity, be truly said to surpass those eighteenth. The skill and attention degree of perfection. The late Baron of all other countries. Not to speak of requisite to bring forward the fruits, Moncrief, its proprietor, used to boast, the innumerable gardens of private &c. grown in these buildings, became a that from his own ground, within a persons, where the richest fruits, as the powerful stimulus to practical garden- few miles of Edinburgh, he could, by pine, grape, peach, melon, &c. are ers, who vied with one another in the the aid of glass, coals, and a good gar- raised to as great perfection as in their earliness and excellence of their pro- dener, match any country in Europe, native countries, let us confine ourductions. This circumstance, toge- in peaches, grapes, pines, and every selves to the supplies sent to Covent ther with the general diffusion of bo- other fine fruit, excepting apples and Garden Market, and to the London tanical knowledge, and the great num- pears;' these, he acknowledged, were fruit shops. The quantity of pine-apber of foreign plants annually intro- grown better in the open air, in Eng-ples, at all seasons, is astonishing; and duced, and which gradually found land and the north of France. Dr. we are informed, on good authority, their way from the metropolis to the Duncan informs us, that on the 10th that there is more certainty of being remotest provinces, rendered it neces- of June, 1817, a bunch of Hamburgh able to purchase a pine, every day in sary for gardeners to scrutinize into the grapes was presented to the Caledonian the year, in London, than in Jamaica native habits of plants, in order to de- Horticultural Society, weighing four or Calcutta. Forced asparagus, potatermine their mode of culture, and pounds, the berries beautiful and large.' toes, sea-kale, rhubarb-stalks, mushthus a spirit of improvement on scienti- At this early season, it is added, such rooms, and early cucumbers, are to be fic principles was raised up and ma- grapes could not be obtained at any had in January and February. In tured. The culture of the pine-apple price, either in France, Spain, or Italy. March, forced cherries and strawberand the grape was carried to great per- This and many other circumstances ries make their appearance, with kidney fection between the years 1760 and might be adduced to prove the rapid beans, and various other articles. 1790, at Welbeck, in Nottingham-progress which this science has made April, grapes, peaches, and shire, by Speechley, who introduced in Scotland within a very short pe- lons, with early peas. In May, several new sorts of both fruits, and riod. all forced articles in abundance. contributed by his writings to spread a In June, July, &c. to November, a knowledge of their culture. Every profusion of all summer fruits. In Ocwalled garden bad now its vinery and tober, grapes, figs, melons, several sorts peach-house, and many had stoves for of peaches, and the hardy fruits, In pines. New varieties of the hardy November and December, grapes, fruits, as the apple, pear, cherry, &c. winter melons, nuts, pears, apples, were raised from seed; and almost all pluins, and, as before observed, at all the culinary vegetables were improved, times pines. either by British gardeners or by importing the best sorts from Flanders and Holland, countries still pre-eminent in horticulture. No branch of gardening made much progress in Scotland, till within the last fifty years for the progress of every art is relative to the influx of wealth; and Scotland, till lately, has been more In horticulture, Ireland is left an immense distance. The first stimulus given to territorial improvement there, was by Cromwell's soldiers, and chiefly by Walter Blythe, the author of a wellknown and very ingenious work, The Improver Improved." From Cromwell's time, things remained nearly stationary till the establishment of the Dublin Society, in 1749, when planting began to be attended to; previously to to the union, however, little was done. No original work on horticulture has yet appeared; and, till within the last ten years, there were not, as we are well assured, above ten gardens in that kingdom which had forcing-houses. Now, lu me With respect to eulinary vegetables, the excellence of the cabbage, borecoles and broccoli tribe, and all the endless varieties of the edible roots, presented in the greatest abundance in January, February, and March, cannot be surpassed. The quantity of radishes, lettuces, onions, asparagus, sea-kale, tart-rhubarb, &c. brought to |