Majesty's encouragement of science, of literature, of morals, and of humanity? Such large omissions as these are conclusive and convincing proofs of the want of comprehension, judgment, and genius which distinguishes the whole design.

In making these remarks, we are not actuated by any feeling of hostility to Mr. Wyatt; they are our unbiased opinions, and cannot possibly be influenced by any feeling of professional rivalry towards him or any one within the sphere of the arts. A sense of duty to the public alone, has induced us to use our efforts to show, that the part which H. R. H. the Duke of York, and other noblemen, have acted on this occasion, is that of liberal yet discriminating patrons, who will not lend themselves to any plan of art that is not brought forth in the fairest inanner, and which is not positively certain of being an honour to the genius of the country.

The Drama.

be the son of Cleanthes. In this event | has ever perhaps been offered, to the
is involved the fulfilment of an oracn world. It consists of the History of
lar prediction. The wrath of Apollo Westminster Abbey, published by Mr.
ceases, and the dreadful sacrifice is A. and this copy is characterised by
abolished. There is some fine music the following circumstances: the letter
in this piece from Mozart, Rossini, press is on vellum, the 84 original
and other composers of eminence; and drawings by our first artists have been
a few original airs have been supplied introduced, the titles of the drawings
by Mr. Braham and Mr. Horn. Miss and of the volumes are by the late Mr.
Wilson (for whose benefit the opera Tomkins, and the binding unites every
was first performed) executed many of point of magnificence, having cost no
the airs with great spirit; and Braham less than 2781. The total cost of the
shone conspicuously in a brilliant air, three volumes in drawings, vellum,
Awake my soul to glory.' Madame writing and binding, has been 17961;
Vestris sang charmingly, and Horn ex- but the proprietor, gratified with the
ecuted some elaborate airs with great honour of preparing such a book, asks
facility. The opera was very favoura- no more than 15001, for it.
bly received, and, as an instance of the
liberality of Mr. Elliston, we are happy
to state, that he has allowed it to be
performed on benefit nights.

ENGLISH OPERA HOUSE. On Thursday night, Mr. Mathews performed his Trip to Paris, with as much spirit and as inuch to the gratification of a crowded audience, as when it was first produced. We believe he closes his performances next week; the pub lic, we are sure, will part with him with regret, and, with us, long for the return of the ensuing season.

din wrote a new burletta for the occa-
sion, entitled The Secret of Masonry,
which was received with great applause.
We know few ananagers would go so
far in the work of charity.

wish for, the introduction of better informed artizans. They have likewise desired missionaries to be sent to them, a wish which will be doubtless complied with by the directors of that society.

British Travellers.-Mr. Campbell, the missionary, whose former travels into South Africa are before the public, has lately returned after another jour ney equally interesting. He pene trated 800 miles from Cape Town, a greater distance than any other traveller whose good fortune it has been to return, and considerably beyond Latab koo. He has discovered several new and large towns. The population of some Drury Lane.-A new serious opera, of those amount to 10,000 or 12,000 entitled Dirce, or the Fatal Urn, was persons; the people friendly and do produced at this theatre, on Saturday cile, possessing much skill in the mȧnight. It is taken from Metastasio's SURREY THEATRE.-The perform-nufacture of pottery, in smelting of opera of Demofoonte, and is an avowed ances at this house were, on Thursday iron, and other useful arts; besides so attempt to naturalize the recitative night, devoted to the funds of the Ma-intelligent as to know the value of, and drama on the English stage; but reci-sonic Charity, where, in addition to an tative is neither adapted to the lan-excellent bill of fure, Brother T. Dibguage nor the taste of this country, and the simple fact, that more than half a century has elapsed without any successful follower of Arne, in his Artaxerxes, rendered it extremely doubtful that such an attempt would be NEW THEATRE, KING STREET. successful. The story is classic. The M. Alexandre having, with singular wrath of Apollo has demanded of the rapidity, acquired a sufficient knowThracians the annual sacrifice of a vir- ledge of our language, now gives the gin, and the victim is to be determined whole of his very curious entertainment by lot. Timanthes (Braham), the sup-in English. This renders it still more posed son of Demophoon (Horn), is attractive, and ensures him a continuasecretly married to Dirce (Miss Wil- tion of the public patronage. son), the daughter of Cleanthes. The SADLER'S WELLS.-Several of M. fatal lot fall son Dirce; and Timanthes, Thiodor's curious mechanical views and to save her, reveals his marriage; but landscapes have been exhibited at this the Thracian law punishes with death theatre during the week, and, together the union of a subject with any of the with a nightly change of interesting royal progeny, and Dirce, from a vic-stock pieces, have kept alive the attim, becomes a criminal. At the intreaties of his younger son, Cherinthus, (Madame Vestris), and of his mistress, Lesia (Miss Povey), her life is spared, Timanthes has, however, further trials for bis fortitude; he discovers, that

traction of the houseWilkinson's
benefit, on Monday, closed his engage-
mient, and drew a crowded audience.

Literature and Science.

Dirce is the daughter of Demophoon, Bibliographical Curiosity.-There is and the discovery would be fatal, did at this time on sale, at the Museum of he not ascertain, at the same moment, Mr. Ackermann, one of the most splenby a fortunate coincidence, himself to did specimens of bibliography which

An Englishman of the name of Cochrane, has reached Irkutsk on foot, on his road to America, by the north east promontory of Asia. On the 13th of September last, he had travelled 8000 versts, in 123 days, entirely on foot, and sleeps in the open air, and wears nothing but nankeen

breeches.

Two adventurous English travellers in Upper Egypt and Ethiopia, Messrs. Waddington and Hanbury, may be expected to return to their native country before Christmas. These gentlemen are said to have discovered the city of ancient Meroe, spoken of by Herodotus, lib. i., ch. 29; by Diodo rus Siculus, i. 39; by Strabo, xvii. and by Josephus, ii. 10. From the three authors last mentioned, it appears that the city of Meroe was situated in an island, formed by the Nile, the Astapus, and the Astaboras (the Bahr-ebabiad, the Abawi, and the Tacazza). It was anciently called Saba, which

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name was changed to that of Meroe, | |
by Cambyses, in honour of bis wife or Recently published by EFFINGHAM WILSON,
sister. The geographical situation of
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tus:-After quitting the island of
Tacpompso, and again reaching the
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LONDON, SATURDAY, JUNE 16, 1821.

has never flung the witchery of its enThe author of these Notes reached chantment over this dreary region; its inhabitants have rotted away like the the Cape of Good Hope in January, "grass of the field;" or if a "village 1820, and remained there some months; Hampden," or a "bosom pregnant with his information, therefore, has the ad- celestial fire," ever felt the glow of patrivantage of coming before us with all its otism, or the inspiration of genius, no freshness, and as he appears to be not stone has arisen to tell the tale: the deonly an intelligent but also an unpre-serts are without pyramids, and the towns judiced observer, we consider his without a trophy. Man is here to be statements entitled to full credit, and found but one step removed from the baboons that surround him; possessing all of considerable importance. Although the barbarity, without the dignified indeit is our intention to dwell more parti-pendence of the savage. By the side of cularly on his account of the new set- his wretched hut the Hottentot may be tlement, yet we shall quote a few of his seen, seated in passive indolence; or, observations in the earlier part of this perhaps, regaling himself with the unclever and useful little volume. The dressed entrails and blood of a sheep, country in the immediate vicinity of while the partner of his life is picking a Cape Town is a flat unprofitable sandy Rousseau laments our deviation from the bone of carrion at his side. Although waste, with the exception of the village path of primitive simplicity, and declares, of Wynberg, distant about six miles, and where many of the merchants have puntry-houses. The greatest part of VOL. III.

It is the same now as when they first simple grounds of domestic unhappicolonized the country, and if their stag-ness, resulting from bad temper, or the nant genius was not disturbed by the ex-like infirmities of disposition, and the ample of our countrymen, I question whether it would ever receive any improveparties are with mutual consent perment. Nothing, in fact, can savour more mitted to marry again :— of primitive barbarity. Their plough is a couple of heavy boards nailed together, and armed with a clumsy share, which it requires a dozen oxen to work. Their harrow, if they use any at all, is a few brambles. Their waggons, (which will carry about thirty Winchester bushels, or a ton weight, and are generally drawn by sixteen and sometimes twenty oxen,) are well constructed to go tilting up and down the precipitous passes of the Kloofs with safety; but they have no variety for the different roads. The small one-horse cart, so useful upon a farm and upon hard roads, is unknown. The Dutch loan farms, the most common tenure in the colony, were originally measured out and allotted in the following manner. A stake

stalments, according to the agreement; a certain portion of the money being paid down. Not unfrequently, the principal is suffered to remain for years upon the se curity of the property and the bond of 'A curious decision took place a little no country where great purchases are so the two sureties; and there is, perhaps, time ago; an English 'prentice boy had easily accomplished with little money. been flogged, according to an order, im- More than one half of the estates in the properly and unwarrantably, (as it after-colony are thus unpaid for, especially by wards appeared,) given by the landrost the Dutch proprietors; and whatever exof the district. plaint before the court at Cape Town, and they possess in general but the mere semThe boy made his com- terior indications of riches may be visible, the court decreed, that the master, and blance of wealth, without the substance. the man who had flogged the boy, (in pursuance of a written order which was produced,) should be fined in equal proportions.'

Our author recommends that part of the colony, lying between Mossel Bay and George Town, as possessing the most decided advantages over every other part of the colony, as a place of settlement for an English farmer.

Cape Town, upon good security, at six 'Money is advanced by the bank at per cent.; but there is always a long a rule to supply them in regular successtring of applicants upon the list, and it is sion.

amount to the value of one-third of the The sum advanced will only property, if in the country, and one-half if in the town. The emigrant will thus have the greater part of his capital in hand, to

was stuck in the ground as near the centre There are few farms rented, which lay out in stock of all kinds. Sheep and

'It would be desirable that he should

arises from the infant state of the colo- three rix-dollars in the country, and four
cattle are not dear; the former average
ny, and the desire every man has of be-near Cape Town; the latter about thirty
coming a landholder.
thinks a practical farmer, who, taking be looked for.
The author rix-dollars per head: a rise in these may
with him a good set of labourers, pos-
sesses capital enough to stock a farm,
and set himself going, say 6001. or
7001. might with activity and industry,
do well;' but he must not look for-
ward to large or immediate profits :-

of the future estate as could be guessed,
and a man, starting from thence, walked
for half an hour in a straight line, to each
of the four points of the compass, giving
thus the radii of a circle that comprised a
space of about six thousand acres. Small
rents were reserved upon the grants, that
were made renewable at the option of the
government; this renewal is now grown
a customary right.
farms have been enfranchised, and other
Many of the
alterations in the original tenures have ta-
ken place, which it would be unnecessary
for our present purpose to point out; but and industry is beyond a doubt; but if
That a wide field is open for labour
no subdivision has been thought of, so
that a farm or place is usually of the di- Hope with the idea of realizing, by agri-
any man embarks for the Cape of Good
mensions alluded to, viz. about six thou-cultural pursuits, large sums of money, or
sand acres.
There were small freehold has so partaken of the prevailing delusion,
estates, originally granted, of about two
hundred acres in extent; but they are not from the curse of toiling in the sweat of
as to imagine that he is to be exempt
The method of beating out the corn
his brow, he will not be long in finding his
mistake. Here is no manna to be gather-
is similar to that used at Odessa, no- ed in indolence, and even sheep-tail fat
ticed in our last. Eighty horses are
does not overflow the land. Perhaps
sometimes employed in trampling the there is no country in the world where
grain from the sheaves, working by re-ly supplied; but to ensure a comfortable
the mere necessaries of life are more easi-
lays of forty at a time. The winnow-
ing is performed by tossing the tram-
pled grain in the air, with shovels, or
by exposing it to the wind in a sieve.

numerous.'

The Dutch colonial laws are still in force at the Cape, but the English are all clamorous to have them superseded by their own. The criminal code is remarkable for its leuity; capital punishment is not inflicted without an admission of guilt; and, therefore, it is at the option of the condemned, either to linger out their days in prison, or undergo the sentence of the law. Since the arrival of the English, torture (which was used to extort a confession of guilt,) has been abolished. of divorce is curious. A divorce is The law obtained upon application, upon the

exertion is requisite. A good economist subsistence, no inconsiderable degree of of labour and of money, possessing a praccommand from 10001. to 20001. when tical knowledge of husbandry, who can upon the spot, and who comes properly provided with steady inen, cannot fail of succeeding; that is, he will be enabled tion in the colony, in the vicinity of one to purchase an estate in an eligible situaof the bays, with house and buildings; the latter very indifferent, it is true, but timber will be within his reach, and he may improve at leisure.'

If a settler comes provided with good letters of credit, and can prevail upon any two respectable inhabitants to become security for him, (for this is generally insisted credit in the purchase of an estate, which on,) he will obtain six or twelve months is generally paid for by two or more in

provide himself with a good stock of im-
plements at home; such only as are

adapted to strong soils should be selected,
broad wheels and bodies of waggons and
in consequence of the drought. The
carts, ready to be put together upon land-
bably expense. Seeds of all kinds, ex-
ing, would save time and labour, and pro-
omitted.
cepting wheat, should by no means he

taken in selecting good and steady men,
The greatest care should be
whom he can depend upon, and these
him
should be bound in articles to serve
He may

for seren years.
make his agreement with them upon as
advantageous terms as possible, at home;
but he will find that he cannot, according
to the present price in the colony, give
less than fifteen rix-dollars per month, if
people; it is probable the price may fall
he wishes to preserve content among his
to agree for as little as possible, and to
as low as twelve dollars; but it is as well
convert that into an act of favour whic tis
of English servants in Cape Town vary
in fact a matter of necessity. The wag es
from twenty to thirty rix-dollars per
month. A good house and dairy maid
will be found of great use, and married
ble to single ones.
people will be on every account prefera
fers of bringing out, at a moderate cost,
If an opportunity of
house furniture of any sort, chairs, tables,
beds, &c. he will find his advantage in it.
Mattresses are good, and as cheap as at
home; but furniture is sold at a profit of
1001. per cent., excepting occasionally at
public-auctions, which a man cannot al-
ways wait for, or make it convenient to
ploy a Hottentot or two in his services
attend. He will find it necessary to em-
and if they are good men, he cannot hire

in 1819, we are told that

a-head

them under fifteen rix-dollars per month; [ducted from the deposit. The same neous notions upon the subject of emitwenty dollars is not an uncommon price.' plan was pursued with respect to the pro-gration. They apparently concluded, It is the opinion of the writer, that visions, which were furnished by the go- that it was merely shifting the scene from the Cape is preferable to Mr. Birk-vernment at the rate of seven-pence Middlesex to Kaffraria; and that the elements of a society, like the materials of a beck's settlement in the Illinois, which, purchase tents, agricultural implements patent house, may be shipped from Engper day. Such of them as chose to however, is no strong testimony in its of British manufacture, provisions, and, land and put together in Southern Africa. favour. Of the new settlement, formed in fact, such necessaries as were thought Thus, one gentleman had provided himrequisite for the occasion, and which self with types and a printing-press, with The soil of the new settlement par- could be procured, were permitted to do a view to setting up a weekly courant, takes of the general character of the Cape so, to a certain extent, at prime cost; a and another had accommodated his wife soil; that is, very various within very nar-government store having been opened at with a sedan chair. Two teachers of the row limits; but, upon an average, it will Algoa Bay for that purpose. piano-forte, (and there may have been bear a comparison with the best parts of the colony. It inclines generally to sanSome of the party suffered a good deal imore for aught I know,) were among the from the heavy rains, when encamped un-number; and a poet of great respectabili dy. Care is taken that the allotments der the tents, previous to their march up ty, with an introduction to the governor should have water upon them, or within the country.' Men, women, and children, from the poet-laureate of England, was reach; but the supply is frequently scanwere seen up to their knees in mud; and ready to invoke the muses of Kaffer-land. ty; and will be generally found insuffi- the blankets and bedding were drenched Though it is not meant to impute any cient for the purposes of husbandry. with water; but, luckily, the season was man's poverty to him as a fault, it will be unusually dry; the rains fell late; and found to be as great a bar to his advancenot much sickness prevailed. It is but ment in this as in every other undertaking justice to add, that no exertion was omit-in life. Indeed, a small capital in money ted on the part of Sir Ruffane Donkin, seems an absolute requisite for such an atthe acting governor, and the heads of the tempt, though it has, in a great many incolonial department; the former of whom stances, been overlooked." superintended in person the disembarka tion at Algoa Bay, and the removal of the parties to the place of settlement.'

A party of near five hundred men was located at about one hundred and eighty miles to the eastward of Saldanha Bay, with what prospect of success is not yet known.

If we except a few houses, dignified with the name of Bathurst Town, Graham's Fort, a small garrison town, containing, perhaps, a hundred houses, is the only town in the settlement. A few houses have been built at Algoa Bay, the inhabitants of which are occupied chiefly in salting butter and drying fish, for the Cape market, for which the situation is sufficiently well adapted. This butter is sent down in considerable quantities from The allotment of one of the principal the district of Graff Regnet, which lies far settlers near the mouth of the Great Fish in the interior, at the back of the new set-River, amounting to ten thousand acres, tlement, and is the great grazing country took out, contains, according to his own proportioned to the number of families he the Sonderend River, at the distance of of the colony. about seventy miles to the east of Cape It is impossible to view with indiffer-statement, (as related to me,) only about Town, have already abandoned the place ence this attempt to colonize the quondamtion. This is probably, (if true,) a much allotted to them, having found the land

failure or success.

one thousand acres that are fit for cultiva

'One or two large parties, who were settled upon some government lands by

unfit for cultivation.

Some others are returned to Cape may generally be expected; but it is suf-Town, having given up the undertaking;

ficient to show that all has not been done

territory of Kaffraria. Accordingly, its
progress has been anxiously watched, and greater proportion of barren ground than
opinions are much divided as to its future
The more prevalent
opinion at the Cape is, that the settlement
will altogether fall to the ground. Yet,
perhaps, we may more safely affirm, that
a few of the most determined characters
will surmount the difficulties of the un-

dertaking, and eventually succeed. But as this word success has meanings as va

rious as are the hopes and expectations of different individuals, it may be deserving

of a little farther consideration.'

The first of the transport ships ar

which will in many instances be required,
especially by those who look forward to
exporting produce; and the only advan-
tage which the settlement affords over the
more eligible situations of the colony, is
that of having for nothing, what elsewhere
is to be purchased. The allotments are,
after the expiration of ten years, to be
subject to an annual quit rent of 21. for
every hundred acres, a rent that few, if
any farm in the colony, (excepting in the
immediate vicinity of Cape Town, or

several individuals have engaged passages home; and more have applied for a passage at the government expense, which has

of course been refused.

His Majesty's ministers were particularly anxious that clergymen should accompany the expedition; conceiving, no doubt, that the encouragement of religion was the best method of insuring habits of industry and sobriety. Whether by design or accident it is difficult to say, but in addition to the regular clergymen pro

rived towards the beginning of April, other choice spots,) would bring at this vided, there was a most copious sprinkling

1820, with settlers on board, at Table Bay; others, to the amount of twelve or fourteen, followed, and the last anchored in Simon's Bay, about the middle of June: the first of the parties reached the new settlement in May, and the last before the end of June:

As fast as the people disembarked, they were encamped under the tents at Algoa Bay, until waggons could be procured, and every thing put in readiness for their march up the country, to the different places of their destination. This journey usually occupied from seven to nine days. The men walked; the women, provisions, and implements of husbandry, were carried in the waggons. These were provided at the expense of the heads of parties, and the money de,

day. This will probably not be insisted
upon.'

it

From the following statement, would seem that the quality of the emigrants was not such as was likely to ensure success:

of preachers, to grace the new settlement with their eloquence, and disperse the light of God. How far the efforts of these may be collected from their practice on gentlemen are likely to be beneficial, shipboard, where these religious parties, as they were termed, were embarked. The labouring men have too general- There was constant discussion, with disly been picked up about large towns; sensions and divisions innumerable-" sathey have more the look of manufacturers tis eloquentiæ, sapientiæ parum"-an inthan ploughmen; and I thought the pro- cessant ranting about virtues, with no enportion of tradesmen, or those exercising deavour at the attainment of any. Such the mechanic arts, too great. Thus there ignorant pretenders are not likely to difwere clothiers, hatters, printers, engrave fuse the mild lessons of Christianity, or ers, brass letter-founders, musical instru- to benefit the cause of social order. ment-makers,, &c.; men whose labours Such, then, are the individuals from must be nearly useless in an infant settle-whose loins are to spring the future lords ment. of South Africa. If their moral habits and general character would induce us to form no favourable augury of their future

'The heads of the parties themselves seem to have entertained the most erro