Were it consistent with the plan of principally by the public granaries, The Mystery, or Forty Years Ago.

this work to give a complete history of the French capital, I should here introduce an epitome of the opinions of different historians respecting the antiquity of this celebrated city; I should describe its successive embellishments, and the revolutions which it has undergone: but I must not forget that I am restricted to an account of the edifices which border the banks of the Seine, at Paris, and of the scenery which embellishes that river in

its course to the sea. Having, therefore, general view of the present state of the capital, I proceed to my subject, and beg the reader's pardon for entering on it so abruptly.

exhibited in this concise introduction a

La Seine et l'Aurore descendent
Vers la Reine de nos Cités
Leur ondes, leur rayons s'etendent
Entre des palais enchantés :
Un double fleuve la partage;
Le Louvre y baigne son image
Peinte dans ce vaste miroir;
Plus loin le Pavillon de Flore
Verra le soleil qui le dore

Rougir les nuages du soir.

The Seine intersects Paris longitudinally from east to west. This river, which abounds in fish, and rises in the forest of St. Seine, in Burgundy, affords a ready and not expensive medium for the conveyance of supplies of all kinds to this immense city. That advantage, together with the fertility of the surrounding country, tends to keep the necessaries of life at a low price. The Seine is navigable at breadth in front of the King's Garden is almost every period of the year: its four hundred French feet, nine hundred at the Pont Neuf, and four hundred and twenty at Chaillot, below Paris.

which, by treasuring up in plentiful
seasons, affords an abundance for time
of want, and prevents those miseries
which too often occur in countries
where a similar. plan is not adopted.
With a description of the Greniers de
Reserve, in Paris, we conclude our no-
tice of this elegant work :-

The denomination of Greniers de Re-
serve sufficiently denotes the object of

Three Vols. 12mo. London, 1820.

Calthorpe, or Fallen Fortunes. By the
Author of the Mystery.' Three
Vols. 12mo. London, 1820.
WE have placed these works together
as being the productions of the same
author, within a very short period of
each other. They, however, differ
much in their character and merits.

The novel of The Mystery' was prin-
cipally founded on facts; that of Cal-
thorpe' is almost entirely fictitious.
The former contained a well-written
historical notice of the riots of 1780, and
of the state of London at that period.
An account of Major Houghton's jour

this public granary. The administration,
providing with laudable attention for the
wants of this immense metropolis, was
deeply impressed with the utility of a ma-
gazine for the reception of corn collected
in plentiful years, as a store against those
of scarcity. This plan is the more bene-
ficial, inasmuch as it tends to keep corn at
a reasonable price, in case a too product-ney to explore the interior of Africa,
ive year, should, by reducing its natural with some interesting particulars re-
value, deprive the husbandman of the specting Governor Wall, not very ge-
just reward of his labour: when, on the nerally known, were also given in the
course of the work. In Calthorpe,'
contrary, the soil or unfavourable seasons
deny to the farmer a suitable return for his the chief interest of the novel arises
toil, and, owing to a scanty crop, the price out of the murder of one of the princi-
of the first necessary of life rises too high, pal characters, under such circum-
then it is that the wisdom of such an es- stances as induce the belief that the
tablishment is more particularly demon-
deceased has committed suicide; and
strated.
he is, in consequence, consigned to
the earth in that barbarous manner,
age, is
which, to the disgrace of the
still exercised on a felo de se. The
novel

The real treasures amassed in the pub-
lic granary will always enable the admi-
nistration to keep bread at a moderate
price, and the people will wait with pa-
tience till the bounty of heaven grants a
It is by such
more abundant harvest.
vantage, that a government ensures the
institutions, founded for the general ad-
happiness and tranquillity of a kingdom.

The first stone of this granary was laid in 1807, but the work was not proseThe principal cities of Europe are all cuted with activity till the following year. distinguished by peculiar edifices or beau-The edifice is one thousand and fifty-eight ties, between which it is frequently diffi- feet in length, and sixty-three feet in It consists of five projecting cult to institute a comparison, so that we breadth. are at a loss which to prefer. In this and four receding parts. According to the original plan, it was to have consisted respect, Paris is so richly endowed as to fear no competition. There is one of a vaulted basement and five stories, species of embellishment which is not exclusively of the lofts. Under the whole to be found except in the capital of of the building there are cellars for the France I mean those magnificent quays, reception of fine wines. Below these, which, extending nearly two leagues in length, hold the Seine captive for its own ornament from the Pont du Jardin du Roi to the Pont de l'Ecole Militaire. Broad pavements allow pedestrians to walk there without fear, and to enjoy the enchanting spectacle of the beautiful river, and the palaces reflected in its current. This magnificent decoration alone would confer high distinction on Paris.'

Every one who has visited Paris, and attended to the political economy by which its affairs are regulated, has admired the arrangements by which the price of provisions is kept within proper limits. This is effected by various means; such as the strict attention to the markets, and the allowance made to the city by the government, but

contains some well-sketched nature; and, as we shall not attempt a detail of the plot, we shall select one scenes, both of a serious aud a comic scene which partakes, in some degree, of both. It is an account of the inquest held, at an inn, by Mr. Catastrophe, the coroner, on the body of the supposed suicide. The coroner and jury are at breakfast :

The animation of Mr. Coroner soon

began to operate on his colleagues. The death-like gloom which had fallen on them began to vanish before the bright sun of his vivacity, and the comforts fast accumulating around them. Each began

were constructed four aqueducts, because
it was at first designed that this vast edi-to reflect and inwardly to digest," with
fice should contain flour-mills, with wheels other matter, that though life is brief and
for raising the sacks to the different floors; precarious, it contains some delights which
and it was intended that the water of the rational men should not fail to seize while
canal of Ourcq, after working them, they may; as, whether they do so or not,
should be discharged into the basin of la they must be exposed to the same perils,
and must finally sink beneath the ine-
vitable stroke of death. The beneficial
Garre.
"The works were interrupted in 1814;
when they were resumed in 1816, it was progress of these considerations, was soon
decided that the edifice should be no more perceptible in the tranquil air with which
than one story high besides the lofts, and the party, by the time the orders of the
coroner had been duly attended to, were
that the wood-work and roof should re-
semble those of the markets of Paris. It prepared to go through the ceremonies
is just finished after the plan of M. de of breakfast, though these had been so-
Lannoy, one of the first architects of Palemnized, in the usual way, by at least
Mr. Catastrophe.
ris, at an expense of five millions of francs, half the company, before the arrival of
and is capable of holding thirty thousand
metrical quintals of corn.

6.66

Avery melancholy business this that has called us together," he remarked, with a grave air, at the same time dismiss

dined."

ing his egg-cup, with the incumbent with, an air of surprise, exclaiming,
shell, and reaching a second egg. "A" Bless me! I forgot that I had not
very melancholy business, upon my ho-
nour. I do not know that any thing has
occurred to affect me so much for a long
time. I have really not been myself since
I first heard of it.-Shall I trouble you to
send me a slice of that ham, while your
hand's in."

It is, indeed, very melancholy.""Very melancholy, indeed," ran round the room, in a sort of irregular chorus.

'The medical gentleman who had been called in when the first alarm was given, described, with much technical parade, the situation in which the deceased had been found, and the wounds which he had received. He had sought, but in vain, to discover any pulsation in the wrist, or in the region of the heart. Witness was of opinion that the deceased's death was occasioned by loss of blood, from the wound in his breast; and by the obstruction of breathing caused by the stab in his wind-pipe. Both wounds were evidently inflicted by the poiniard found on the bed.

"I was shocked beyond measure.Not quite so much fat, if you please," Mr. Catastrophe proceeded, addressing himself to the gentleman who was then in the act of complying with his requisition for a new supply of ham. "There, that's just the thing. I am sorry to give you so much trouble, but really my appetite is so much impaired that I am obliged to study it more than formerly.Mr. Burleigh was a man very much re-mediately on perceiving him on the outspected I believe, and this event-Another cup, if you please What was I going to say?OI Mrs. Muddle. I quite forgot to ask after her, I hope she is well."

"Very poorly, indeed."

"Bless me, I'm extremely sorry to hear it. I hope nothing dangerous. In the old way, I suppose. She'll be better in eight or nine months.-Hey! You can't leave off your old tricks."

Mr. Muddle inquired of Mr. Catastrophe, when he had seen their friend 'Squire Freakish.

"Met him," replied the coroner, "by mere chance, this day week, at our old house, the King's Arms. We had a 'quest there, on a lady who was burnt to death. I arrived too soon, and luckily stumbled on Jack Freakish; so we played a game at billiards till the jurors arrived. He waited for me till it was over. I soon knocked off the business, and then we dined together at the King's Arms; had some of Swig's best--number thirty-five. You remember the number. The binn is not out yet, but it gets low. had a very merry day together, I assure you.'

We

'John Jackson, a gentleman's servant, The sandwiches were now brought in, deposed that he had seen a man jump over and the landlord made his appearance to Mr. Burleigh's garden wall, between one express regret that there was no cold fow! and two in the morning, and run away im-in the house. This was kindly excused by Mr. Catastrophe, who, however, reside; but, supposing it to be Frank Tib-marked that some of the gentlemen might bins, Betty Notable's sweetheart, he did prefer a glass of Port, and it might, therenot give any alarm. fore, be as well to bring in a bottle. He added:

"Of course the family have given or ders to have every thing provided for the accommodation of the gentlemen of the jury, that may be required." Sir?"

Betty Notable, the housemaid, was next examined. She admitted that Frank Tibbins had been with her in the garden after the rest of the family had retired for the night; and, also, that he had made good his retreat by leaping from the wall. She, however, denied that it was so late The note of interrogation that accomas one o'clock. In all her statements shepanied the monosyllable, which last eswas corroborated by the evidence of Frank caped the landlord, was not exactly to Tibbins. the taste of the coroner. To him there appeared something suspicious in it. He therefore went on :

ran as follows:

Here Mr. Catastrophe treated the company with a laugh, in which his eye, glancing archly round the table, invited A paper was now produced, which had all present to join. Most of the gentle- been found on the table of the deceased, men, by distending their nostrils and and was supposed to have been written giving them, with the upper lip, a slight immediately before the rash act was comelevation, so as to imitate that arrange-mitted. It was signed with his name, and ment of the features which, rising above a smile, gets half way to a laugh, had the complacency to indicate that they understood the drift of Mr. Catastrophe's wit. After being refreshed with a few more sallies, nearly or altogether as brilliant, the real business of the day was commenced under very favourable circumstances, as the jury were so far recovered by the good things they had seen, heard, and tasted, that the morbid sensibility which had, at first, threatened to impede the fair exercise of their reasoning faculties, was, thanks to the meritorious exertions and wise arrangements of Mr. Catastrophe, completely dissipated.

The servants of the deceased proved, that Mr. Burleigh had been alive, and, apparently, in good health, on the night preceding the morning on which he was found dead in his bed. Several of them remembered that his air and manner had been strange of late. One had seen him reading in the garden, when his mind appeared so unusually abstracted, that he neither saw the deponent, nor a flower-pot which stood in his way, till he had nearly fallen over it. About the same period he had called another John, whose name was Thomas; and, one day, when news was taken to him, in his study, that dinner was on table, he started up,

""To those I leave behind me.
"Life has become an intolerable bur-
den to me, which I think, after bearing it
so long, I have a right to lay down.
leave this, that it may be known the deed
I am about to commit is my own act, that
no other mortal may be suspected of that
crime (if it be one) which is mine, and
mine alone. "George Burleigh."

The note was viewed with the most
intense interest by the whole of the ju-
rors, and listened to with the most thril-
ing sensations of awe.

It escaped not the eye of Mr. Catastrophe that they were much affected; and he forthwith remarked, that, after the fatigue they had already undergone, a glass of Madeira and a sandwich would be no bad things to introduce in this stage of the proceedings, before they called witnesses to prove the hand-writing of the deceased. He accordingly rung the bell, and the landlord attending on the instant, the order was given.

"I say, the family have, as a matter of course, directed you to provide whatever may be requisite for the accommodation of the gentlemen on the inquest.".

No, sir; I have received no orders from any one but yourself; but I shell be very happy to supply whatever M. Catastrophe may think proper to call for. -Did you say a bottle of Port?" "Hey yes stay gentlemen, shall we have any Port this morning ? It's rather early to begin drinking for.”

8.66

All the jurors, who had been perfectly willing that a bottle of Port should crown the festivity of the morning, while they supposed somebody else was to pay 15 it, now declared, una voce, that they could not drink Port before dinner; so the question was carried in the negative, and the landlord left the room.

Mr. Catastrophe looked unusually grave. He had ordered refreshment, and the jurors might suppose, unless he gave them to understand the contrary, that if no one else came forward, he intended to pay for them out of his own pocket. This apprehension gave his feeiings a very severe shock.

When the wine made its appearance, Gentlemen," said he, "this is really the coroner, after tasting it, pronounced quite unprecedented. On an inquest like a verdict in its favour. The gentlemen this, it was, of course, to be supposed that of the jury, one after another, took a glass the friends of the deceased, whom we all on his recommendation, and, presently, know to be rolling in wealth, would have felt themselves very considerably reliev- taken especial care that the jurors should ed. In the breathing time, thus afforded, be properly accommodated, Lord Bur

leigh, for the sake of a brother. I should in the different coffee-houses in Lon-tigue on this occasion; but the care and have expected, would have looked to don, that the first general sent to comthis, even though confined to his cham-mand an army against the rebels in ber by the gout. However, gentlemen, Scotland, would be beaten. The acyou see how it is: we are left to make a Yorkshire club of it." count of Lord London's dashing atThe juror were, unanimously, of opi-tempt to seize the prince at Moy, afnion that some accommodation ought to fords us an interesting extract:have been provided by the relations of the deceased; the sandwiches and Madeira were not relished half so well as the breakfast had been, and the suspended inquiry was resumed with much sullen dignity.

Several witnesses who knew the hand writing of Mr. Burleigh were examined, all of whom believed,-were coufident, had no doub,--that the paper produced to them had been written by the deceased. Two or three persons came forward to prove acts of insanity; but what they deposed served only to show that much occasional abstraction of mind had been remarked in Mr. Burleigh, and the former evidence on this subject was not at all strengthened by what these witnesses advanced.

The coroner, when he came to sum up, addressing the jury, said,-In the earlier stages of this business, he had inclined to the opinion that the deceased was insane when he committed the fatal act; but he confessed that he was much staggered by the paper which had been produced, and which had been proved to be in Mr. Burleigh's hand-writing. That which had been advanced to prove insanity, he could not help thinking, went rather to indicate that mental absence which was not uncommon in men of studious habits, than any positive derangement of intellect. They had, however, first to consider, whether the wounds had been inflicted by the deceased himself, or by some other hand. On this head he thought the evidence quite conclusive; and, having briefly stated to them the law applicable to self-murder, he left it to

them to decide on the merits of the case. After deliberating for about an hour, the jury decided that the deceased died by his own hand, and returned a verdict of Felo de se.'

On the 16th [February], the prince slept at Moy, a castle belonging to the chief of the clan of Mackintosh, about two leagues from Inverness. Lord Loudon, lieutenant-generat in the service of King George, and colonel of a regiment of Highlanders, being at Inverness, with about two thousand regular troops, the prince intended to wait the arrival of the other column, before approaching nearer to that town. In the mean time, Lord Loudon formed the project of seizing by surprize the person of the prince, who could have no suspicion of any attempt of the kind, conceiving himself in perfect security at Moy; and his lordship would have succeeded in this design, but for the intervention of that invisible Being who frequently chuses to manifest his power in overturning the best contrived schemes of feeble mortals. His lordship, at three o'clock in the afternoon, posted guards, and a chain of centinels, all round Inverness, both within and without the town, with positive orders not to suffer any person to leave it, on any pretext whatever, or whatever the rank of the person might be. He ordered, at the same time, fifteen hundred men to hold themselves in readiness to march at a

attentions she experienced restored her to life, and her health was at length reestablished. The prince, having no suspicion of such a daring attempt, had very few people with him in the castle of Moy. 'As soon as the girl had spread the alarm, the blacksmith of the village of Moy presented himself to the prince, and assured his royal highness that he had no occasion to leave the castle, as he would answer for it, with his head, that Lord Loudon and his troops would be obliged to return fister than they came. The prince had not sufficient confidence in his assurances to neglect seeking his safety by flight to the neighbouring mountains. However, the blacksmith, for his own satisfaction, put his project in execution. He instantly assembled a dozen of his companions, and advanced with them about a quarter of a league from the castle, on the road to Inverness. There he laid an ambuscade, placing six of his companions on each side of the highway, to wait the arrival of the detachment of Lord Loudon, enjoining them not to fire till he should tell them, and then not to fire together, but one after another.

When the head of the detachment of Lord Loudon was opposite the twelve men, about eleven o'clock in the evening, the blacksmith called out with a loud voice, "Here come the villains, who intend carrying off our prince; fire, my lads, do not spare them,-give no quarter!" In an instant, muskets were discharged from each side of the road, and the detachment, moment's warning; and having assem-seeing their project had taken wind, bebled this body of troops without noise, gan to fly in the greatest disorder, imagand without alarming the inhabitants, heining that our whole army was lying in put himself at their head, and instantly wait for them. Such was their terror and set off, planning his march so as to arrive consternation, that they did not stop till at the castle of Moy about eleven o'clock they reached Inverness. In this manner at night. did a common blacksmith, with twelve of Whilst some English officers were his companions, put Lo d Loudon and fifdrinking in the house of Mrs. Bailly, an teen hund ed of his regular troops to innkeeper in Inverness, and passing the flight. The fifer of his lordship, who time till the hour of their departure, her happened to be at the head of the dedaughter, a girl of about thirteen or four-tachment, was killed by the first disteen years of age, who happened to charge; and the detachment did not wait wait on them, paid great attention to for a second.' their conversation, and, from certain ex- The author gives a very exaggerated This scene, though not described pressions dropped from them, she disco-account of the excesses committed by with all the spirit of a Smollet,' as a vered their designs. As soon as this the King's troops quartered in Athol, cotemporary has declared, is calculated generous girl was certain as to their in- whom he accuses of committing the to give a favourable opinion of Cal-tentions, she immediately left the house, most unheard of cruelties,-burning thorpe,' of which, as to the style, it is a escaped from the town, notwithstanding the houses of the gentlemen who were fair specimen. the vigilance of the centinels, and immediately took the road to Moy, running as with the prince,-turning out their fast as she was able, without shoes or wives and children in the midst of winstockings, which, to accelerate her pro- ter, to perish in the mountains with cold gress, she had taken off, in order to in- and hunger, after subjecting them to form the prince of the danger that every species of brutal treatment.' menaced him. She reached Moy, This statement the editor has very proWE concluded our last week's notice quite out of breath, before Lord Loudon perly contradicted in a note, A darof this work with an account of the and the prince, with difficulty, escaped ing exploit was successfully underbattle of Falkirk, so fatal to the En-in his robe de chambre, night-cap, taken by Mr. Glasgow, an Irish officer glish army. This battle is said to have given great satisfaction to General Cope; he had made bets to the amount of ten thousand guineas,

Memoirs of the Rebellion in 1745 and 1746. By the Chevalier de John

stone.

(Continued from p. 68.)

tains, where he passed the night in con-
and slippers, to the neighbouring moun-
cealment. This dear girl, to whom the
prince owed his life, was in great danger
of losing her own, from her excessive fa-

in the service of France, at Keith, with a detachment of only two hundred men:

'He arrived at Keith at one o'clock in

the morning, without being discovered, stript of their clothes, from Wednesday,
and exactly at the time he calculated the the day of our unfortunate engagement,
march would occupy. On the sentinel till three o'clock in the afternoon of Fri-
before the guard-house calling out, day, when he sent detachments to kill all
"Who goes there?" Mr. Glasgow re- those who were still in life; and a great
plied, a friend,' and advanced himself many, who had resisted the effects of the
to the sentinel, whom he killed with his continual rains which fell all that time,
dirk. The Highlanders immediately were then despatched. He ordered a
rushed on the guard, who at first made barn, which contained many of the
some resistance, but were soon disarmed. wounded Highlanders, to be set on fire;
Then, without losing a moment, they and having stationed soldiers round it, they,
flew through the town, making prisoners with fixed bayonets, drove back the unfor-
of the soldiers who were quartered in the tunate men who attempted to save them-
houses of the inhab tants; and Mr. Glas-selves, into the flames, burning them alive
gow managed matters so well, that in less in this horrible manner, as if they had not
than an hour he accomplished his object, been fellow creatures.'
and retired with a hundred and eighty
prisoners, whom he presented next day
to the prince.'

was not only worth trying, but it was
the duty of the prince to share the
lowers; on the contrary,-
dangers of the day with his faithful fol-

begin to give way, he made his escape,
As soon as the prince saw this army
with a few horsemen of Fitzjames's pi
quet. Some hours after the battle, Lord

trust there is no truth in this charge For the honour of human nature, we against the royal duke, who possessed The great number of prisoners taken by the rebels gave them much inconve- have acted generously towards the dean amiable disposition, and is known to nience, as, their army being always in scendants of the unfortunate House of motion, they escaped, and joined their Start*. The author blames Prince different regiments. A Mr. Peter Charles for not placing himself at the Smith suggested to the prince to cut off head of the army in the battle of Culthe thumb of the right hand of every loden, and observes, justly, that there prisoner, which would render them incapable of holding their muskets. The are occasions when a general ought to expose his person, and not remain beChevalier de Johnstone says, it was yond the reach of musketry.' What 'consonant to justice to make no pri-effect this would have had on the batsoners, but put all the enemy to the ile we know not; at all events, it sword; yet the excessive attachment of the prince for the English nation, the him from adopting any expedient executioners of his family, prevented which could give them the smallest umbrage.' A very small umbrage, truly, cutting of the thumbs or taking the lives of every man found in arms for his King and country! The prince, however, was more humane, and he generally released them on their parole, not to serve against him for a limited time. Some officers, made prisoners at Falkirk, were required to add their oath to their parole, but the Duke of Cumberland issued circulars, absolving them from their parole and oath, when they all, excepting four, joined the army. Mr. Ross, one of the officers who refused, nobly replied to the duke, that he was master of their commis sions, but not of their probity and honour;' and George II. afterwards expressed his approval of those who adbered punctually to their parole. We pass over the account of the battle of Culloden, so fatal to the cause of the Pretender, which has been detailed more at length by preceding historians. Much as we have heard of the cruelties of the Duke of Cumberland on

this occasion, the following is new to us. The author says,

The Duke of Cumberland had the cruelty to allow our wounded to remain amongst the dead on the field of battle,

Elcho found him in a cabin, beside the River Nairn, surrounded by Irish, and without a single Scotsman near him, in a state of complete dejection, without the least hope of being able to re-establisa his affairs, having given himself altoge ther up to the pernicious councils of Sheridan, and the other Irish, who governed him as they pleased, and abandoned every other project, but that of escaping to France as soon as possible. Lord Elcho represented to him, that this check was nothing, as was really the case; and exerted himself to the utmost to per suade him to think only of rallying his army, putting himself at its head, and but he was insensible to all that his lordtrying once more the fortune of war, as the disaster might be easily repaired; ship could suggest, and utterly disregarded his advice.

'I arrived,' continues the author, on

the 18th, at Ruthven, which happened, by chance, to become the rallying point of our army, without having been previously fixed on. There I found the Duke of Athol, Lord George Murray, the Duke of Perth, Lord John Druminond, Lord Ogilvie, and many other chiefs of clans, with about four or five thousand fligh landers, all in the best possible dispositions for renewing hostilities and taking their revenge. The little town of Ruthven is about eight leagues from Inverness, by a road through the mountains, very narrow, full of tremendously high precipices,

where there are several passes which a hundred men could defend against ten from the summit of the mountains. thousand, by merely rolling down rocks

Lord George [Murray] immediately dispatched people to guard the passes, We extract the following passage on this and, at the same time, sent off an aid-dehighness incurred much odium for what has part of his army was assembled at Ruthsubject from the Percy Anecdotes: His royal camp to inform the prince, that a great been styled his inhuman conduct to the Scotch ven; that the Highlanders were full of rebels after the battle of Culloden; and a his-animation and ardour, and eager to be led torian of no mean repute, Lord Lyttleton, coin- against the enemy; that the Grants, and cides in this particular with the voice of the other Highland clans, who had, till then, public. From some facts, however, subse- remained neuter, were disposed to dequently communicated to the public, by a gen- clare themselves in his favour, seeing the tleman who was not only sincerely devoted to inevitable destruction of their country the House of Stuart, but actually fought under from the proximity of the victorious army Prince Charles's standard, it would seem that of the Duke of Cumberland; that all the the odium was not very well founded. told, for instance, that after the battle of Cul- clans who had received leave of absence,

We are

loden, some of the officers in the duke's army
were railing severely against Prince Charles,
whom they termed the Pretender, and that the
duke, on over-hearing the discourse, instantly
rebuked the officers most sharply, observing to
them, they were reviling one who, though his
enemy, was a gentleman and a relation. And
we are further assured, that every man of
Prince Charles's army who happened to fall in-
to the duke's own hands, during the rebellion,
and after the battle at Culloden, was treated not
only with humanity, but with tenderness.

·

These statements, though much at variance with the popular belief, especially in the northern part of the island, are perfectly in accordcasions, of which many highly honourable traits are extant.Anecdotes of George the Third and his Family.

ance with the conduct of the duke on other oc

would assemble there in the course of a few days; and that, instead of five or six thousand men, the whole of the number present at the battle of Culloden, from the absence of those who had returned to their homes, and of those who had left the army on reaching Culloden, on the morning of the 16th, to go to sleep, he might count upon eight or nine thousand men at least, a greater number than he had at any time in his army. Every body earnestly intreated the Prince to come immediately, and put himself at the head, of this force.

'We passed the 19th at Ruthven, with-out any news from the prince. All the Highlanders were cheeiful, and full of of spirits, to a degree, perhaps, never be

fore witnessed in an army so recently
beaten, expecting, with impatience, every
moment, the arrival of the prince; but,
on the 20th, Mr. Macleod, Lord George's
aid-de-camp, who had been sent to him,
returned with the following laconic an-
swer: "Let every man seek his safety in
the best way he can ;" an inconsiderate
answer, heart-breaking to the brave men
who had sacrificed themselves for him.
However critical our situation, the prince
ought not to have despaired. On occa-
sions when every thing is to be feared, we
ought to lay aside fear; when we are sur-
rounded with dangers, no danger ought to
alarm us.
With the best plans we may
fail in our enterprizes; but the firmness
we display in misfortune is the noblest
ornament of virtue. This is the manner
in which a prince ought to conduct
himself, who, with an unexampled rash-
ness, landed in Scotland with only seven

men.

We were masters of the passes between Ruthven and Inverness, which gave us sufficient time to assemble our adherents. The clan of Macpherson of Clunie, consisting of five hundred very brave men, besides many other Highlanders, who had not been able to reach Inverness before the battle, joined us at Ruthven; so that our numbers increased every moment, and I am thoroughly convinced that, in the course of eight days, we should have had a more powerful army than ever, capable of re-establishing, without delay, the state of our affairs, and of avenging the barbarous cruelties of the Duke of Cumberland. But the prince was inexorable and immoveable in his resolution of abandoning his enterprize, and terminating in this inglorious manner, an expedition, the rapid progress of which had fixed the attention of all Europe. Unfortunately, he had nobody to advise with but Sir Thomas Sheridan, and other Irishmen, who were altogether ignorant of the nature and resources of the country, and the character of the Highlanders; and who had nothing to lose, but, on the contrary, a great deal to gain on arriving in France, where several of them have since laid the foundations of their for

related to Lord Forbes, and a cadet in an
English regiment, having abandoned his
colours to join the prince, had the mis-
fortune to be taken prisoner, and was
hanged at Inverness, without any dis-
tinction, amongst the other deserters.
Whilst the body of Forbes was still sus-
pended from the gibbet, a brutal and vul-
gar English officer plunged his sword into
his body, and swore that "all his coun-
trymen were traitors and rebels like him-
self." A Scots officer, who heard the
impertinence of this Englishman, imme-
diately drew his sword, and demanded sa-
tisfaction for the insult done to his coun-
try; and, whilst they fought, all the offi-
cers took part in the quarrel, and swords
were drawn in every direction. The sol-
diers, at the same time, of their own ac-
cord, beat to arms, drew up along the
streets, the Scots on one side and the
English on the other, beginning a very
warm combat with fixed bayonets. The
Duke of Cumberland happening to be
out of town, information was immediately
conveyed to him, and he hastened to the
scene of action before this warfare had
made much progress. He addressed
himself immediately to the Scots, whom
he endeavoured to mollify by the high
compliments he paid them. He told
them that, whenever he had had the ho-
nour of commanding them, he had always
experienced their fidelity and attach
ment to his family, as well as their cour-
age and exemplary conduct; and he at
length succeeded in appeasing them.

Thus did Prince Charles begin his enterprize with seven men, and abandon it at a moment he might have been at the head of as many thousands, preferring to wander up and down the mountains alone, exposed every instant to be taken and put to death by detachments of the English troops, sent by the Duke of Cumberland in pursuit of him, and who followed him closely, often passed quite near him, and from whom he escaped as if by miracle,-to putting himself at the head of a body of brave and determined men, of whose fidelity and attachment he was secure, and all of whom would have shed the last drop of their blood in his defence. Indeed, this Our separation at Ruthven was truly was now the only means of saving themaffecting. We bade one another an eter-selves from the scaffold, and their families nal adieu. No one could tell whether the scaffold would not be his fate. The Highlanders gave vent to their grief in wild howlings and lamentations; the tears flowed down their cheeks when they thought that their country was now at the discretion of the Duke of Cumberland, and on the point of being plundered; whilst they and their children would be reduced to slavery, and plunged, without resource, into a state of remediless dis

tunes.

tress.

An accident which took place at Inverness, some days after the battle, might have proved very advantageous to us, if the prince had joined us at Ruthven. A young gentleman of the name of Forbes,

on equal terms. Whenever I reflect on this subject, I am always astonished that Lord George Murray, and the other chiefs of clans, did not resolve to carry on this mountain warfare themselves, for their own defence; as nothing can be more certain than what was said by a celebrated author, that, in a revolt," when we draw the sword we ought to throw away the scabbard." There is no medium; we must conquer or die. This would have spared much of the blood which was afterwards shed on the scaffold in England, and would have prevented the almost total extermination of the race of Highlanders which has since taken place, either from the policy of the English government, the emigration of their families to the colonies, or from the numerous Highland regiments which have been often cut to pieces, and renewed during the last war.

Prince Charles, for several months, was hotly pursued by detachments of English troops; and so very near were they frequently to him, that he had scarcely quitted a place before they arrived at it. Sometimes he was wholly surrounded by them. The Duke of Cumberland never failed to say to the commanders of these detachments, at the moment of their departure, make no prisoners; you understand me." They had particular instructions to stab the prince, if he fell into their hands; but Divine wisdom frustrated the atrocious and barbarous designs and pursuits of the sanguinary Duke, whose officers and their detachments, his executioners, inflicted more cruelties on the brave but unfortunate Highlanders, than would have been committed by the most ferocious savages of Canada. The generous and heroic action of Mr. Roderic Mackenzie, contributed greatly to save the prince from those blood-thirsty assassins.

Mr. Mackenzie, a gentleman of good family in Scotland, had served, during the whole expedition, in the life-guards of Prince Charles. He was of the prince's size, and, to those who were not accustomed to see them together, might seem to resemble him a little. Mackenzie happened to be in a cabin with the prince, and two or three other persons, when, all of a sudden, they received information. from being slaughtered by a furious, en- that they were surrounded by detachments raged, and barbarous soldiery. The of English troops, advancing from every Highlands are full of precipices and point, as if they had received positive inpasses through mountains, where only one formation that the prince was in the cabin. person can proceed at a time, and where The prince was asleep at this moment, a thousand men can defend themselves and was awakened for the purpose of being against a hundred thousand, for years; informed of his melancholy fate; nameand, as it abounds with horned cattle, of ly, that it was morally impossible for him which they sell above one hundred thou- to save his life. He answered, "then we sand yearly to the English, provisions must die like brave men, with swords in would not have been wanting. But this our hands."-" No, my prince," replied partisan warfare it would only have been Mackenzie; "resources still remain; I necessary to adopt as a last resource; for will take your name, and face one of these I am morally certain that, in the course detachments. I know what my fate will of ten or twelve days, we should have be; but whilst I occupy it, your royal been in a condition to return to Inver-highness will have time to escape." Macness, and fight the Duke of Cumberland kenzie darted forward with fury, sword in