Arabic lexicography: its history, and its place in the general history of lexicography

Abū 1-Aswad Abū Amr Aḥmad al-Arabiya Al-Asma'i al-Azhari al-Jauhari al-Khalil al-Laith al-lugha al-Qālī al-Zamakhshari alif anagrammatical Arabic dictionary Arabic language Arabic lexicography Arabic literature Baghdad Basra beginning biliteral Bughya Cairo Cairo edition Century chapters classified vocabulary cographers commentary compiled dāl Darwish derived dialects dictionary arrangement died European example Fihrist Fiqh ghain grammar grammarians Greek Hadith hamza Hebrew ibn Abbād Ibn al-Nadim Ibn Duraid Ibn Fāris Ibn Khallikān introduction Jahiliya Jamhara Khalil Khurāsān Kitab Kitāb al-'Ain Kufan l-Aswad labial Laith language Latin learned letters of increase lexi Lexicon Lisān literature lugha manuscript meaning mentioned modern dictionary Muḥammad Nihāya noun onomatopoeic Persian philological phonetic poet poetry published pupil Qāmūs Qifți quadriliteral quinquiliteral Quran radicals rhyme order Ṣaḥāḥ Sanscrit says scholars specialised story Syriac Tahdhib tionary Transoxiana triliteral verb volumes vowelling wāw weak letters words writing written wrote على