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Loftiest mountains, to which we had been long confined, we seemed as it were transported, all at once, to a country of enchantment! we saw before us a fertile soil adorned with smiling verdure, watered by crystal streams, covered with fruit, and holding forth the promise of harvest! where mansions and villages, to which the wealth of Mexico had given splendour and neatness, succeeded each other without interruption, and which gave to this spot the appearance of the asylum of Goodness!'

We shall lay another revolutionary trait or two before our readers, and then we shall dismiss the present work.-The province of Guipuscoa, we are informed, had requested to be considered as neutral in regard to the contending states; and this increased the hatred which the representative Pinet bore to the Spaniards, and made him resolve to let the yoke of terror press harder on their necks. The horrid guillotine was stationed on the market place of St. Sebastian, and the province was parcelled out between administrators of his choice. The nobles, the priests, and the respectable inhabitants of Guipuscoa, were put under arrest. The violence of the administrators, the burthensome requisitions, and the shutting up of the churches, occasioned a multitude of the inhabitants of all descriptions to fly into the interior of Spain. He sent troops on expeditions, the sole object of which was to set fire to villages; and he became so much the object of terror, as to be called the old man of the mountain.

Muller was at this time chief in command; and he appears to have been that upright and resolute character, which the general dissolution of manners was not able to affect. How soothing is such an object to a virtuous bosom! how delightful to contemplate it! At this epoch, (that of the proconsular tyranny of Pinet,) Muller quitted the command of the army, the esteem and regret of which he carried away with him; since his talents, his affability, and his modesty, had conciliated all hearts. An enemy to violence and persecution, circumspect almost to timidity in his enterprises, profound and independent in his views, he suffered endless vexations from the fiery tempers and absolute power of the two representatives. Overwhelmed with disgust, he obtained, at length, that leave to retire which he had long and incessantly solicited.

Speaking of the peace which was signed at Bâle on the 22d of July 1795, and which put an end to this inglorious struggle, the author says that this treaty was at once honourable and useful: it procured us a faithful ally, and it favoured greatly the pacification of la Vendée and our successes in Italy.'

From this work, we do not learn that the victories of the French were so decisive, nor so easily purchased, as the republican

publican dispatches of the day would have led us to conclude. Many persons, on the faith of Paris Journals, believed that, at the time of entering into the treaty, the French had obtained a complete ascendancy; that the career of victory was secure; and that there was nothing to hinder them from marching to Madrid itself. This writer, however, who served in the French army, tells a very different tale: he relates no instances of cowardice in the Spaniards; success attended them during the whole of the first campaign: the French did not cheaply gain their advantages; at the period of entering into the treaty, their armies were in a situation. which threatened peril, rather than promised farther success; repulse was not improbable; and to maintain their posts was all that the republicans could reasonably hope. In such a situation, if such it really were, (and we see no reason why the author should represent it as more unfavourable than it in fact was,) it must be admitted that the peace was an achievement far more beneficial than any military exploits to which the continuance of the campaign might have given rise: since this peace detached Spain from England, and restored it to all its former relations with France. The news also dispirited the insurgents of la Vendée, and made them think of submission; while the troops, which, if the war had continued, would (as the author states) have probably fought and bled in defence of obscure mountain posts, were marched into Italy, there to assist in conquests which were incalculably to aggrandize the power of the republic, and most materially to affect the fate of Europe. As this representation of the conclusion of the war between the French republic and Spain differs essentially from those which are contained in the public journals, we have been led to report it more at length than we should otherwise have done.

The details of all that appertains to the province of a commissary, as it affected this army, which are given in the last chapter already mentioned, will interest many readers, and should not be overlooked in any military history. According to the present writer, the whole expenditure of this military force, which continued on foot during 31 months, and which procured to its country so beneficial a peace, fell short of four millions sterling!

Jo.

INDEX

To the REMARKABLE PASSAGES in this Volume.

N. B. To find any particular Book, or Pamphlet, see the Table of Contents, prefixed to the Volume.

Α

Abdollatiph, a learned Arabian writer, biographical account of, 338. Dr. White's publication of his Hist. Egypti Compendium, 341. Review of that valuable edition, 342. Curious passages, 345-54. See also White.

Acid, oxalic, properties of, 523. Ether, phosphoric, M. Boudet's account of the preparation of, 524. Africa, interesting accounts relative to the west coast of, the products of the countries, manners of the inhabitants, and state of the slave trade, &c. 450. Wonderful story of the vast swarms of ants there, 457.

Ailboud, the celebrated quack doctor, account of, and of his poisonous nostrum, 42. Alcohol, tineture of, ought to be used with medicated wines, 525. Alfred, K. of England, his place of interment undiscoverable. See Howard.

Mr. Pye's epic poem on the subject of Alfred's great character, 179.

Alloy, metallic, paper concerning,

in the memoirs of the French Institute, 509.

America, communications relating to the agricultural and commercial interests of the United States, 204. Other communications, by a Spaniard, 206. Ammonia. See Lampadius. Animal Incognitum, observations relative to the teeth of, 303. Animals, new classification of those which suckle their young, 521. Aristotle, critical discussions rela tive to his Metaphysics, 226. Mr. Taylor's translation, 227. Arthy, Mr. See Griggiry. Astle, Mr. his memoir on a curious record of pardon, found in the Tower of London, 35.

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Bible, importance of a translation of, into Chinse, 95. Bile, observations on, and on its diseases, and on the eco. nomy of the liver, 442. Biot, M. on the integrals of equations of finite Differences, 508. Birds, new table of the classification of, 521. Blagdon controversy revived by Mr. Bere, 203. The dispute followed up by other writers, on cach side, ibid. See also P. 322. Blair, Dr. Hugh, biographical particulars concerning, 159. His last sermon, 164. Bonaparte compared with Cæsar, 190. The character of the former prefered, ibid. Historical account of Bonaparte, 216. Life of, 264. Anecdotes relative to him, personally, 265-268. His character highly revered in the Batavian Republic, 308. Boudet, M. on phosphoric æther, 524.

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Boullay, M. See Phosphorus. Bridges, the principles of their

construction discussed, 323. Brutus, his establishment of a Trojan colony in Britain, the subject of an English epic poem. See Ogilvie.

Buffon, M. traits of his private

character, 510, 511. Bull-baiting, a cruel and horrid amusement, practised only by human brutes, 445. Burial, alive. See Interment.

C

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Cadet, M. on vegetable gluten, 530. Casar, St. Bishop of Arles, curious account of, and of his foundation of a female monastery, 396. Casarean operation, memoirs relative to, 407.

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Chenevix, M. his experiments on James's powders; with directions for preparing a similar humid substance, 296. His letter to M. Vauquelin on Mr. Hatchett's discovery of a new metal, 529.

Children, physical education of, its importance, 13. Christ, his remarkable reply to the Jews who accused him of a breach of the Sabbath, 14. Cu. rious account of a MS. falsely ascribed to our Saviour, 506. Clergy, the expediency of their residence impartially discussed,

321. Clovis, his conquest of France,

the origin of its monarchy, 390. Cluvier, M. his memoir on the life and writings of Daubenton, 510. Columbium, a new metal discovered by Mr. Hatchett, 529. Combe, Mr. his account of a remarkable Greek sepulchral monument, in the possession of Dr. Garthshore, 34.

his account of an elephant's tusk, in which the iron head of a spear was found embedded, 85.

Congo, account of that country, See Africa.

Correspondence with the Reviewers,

111. 221. 335. 447. Cossigny, M. his project for extracting real indigo from woad,

500. Coulombe, M. on the theory of the 6 moon,

E

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Eden, Sir Frederick Morton, his
sentiments in favour of the
peace, &c. 213.
Egypt, deplorable state of its in-

moon, 514. His experiments Dying of cotton. See Chaptal.: on the coherence of Fluids, 516. Cowley, the poet, his carnest love of solitude, 329, New poem on that subject, ibid. Cow-pock (not pox), publications relative to the practice of Inoculation for, 440. Cuvier, M. his account of the life and works of M. Lemonnier, 512.

D

Darracq, M. on the oxalic acid, 523. On zaffre, 527. On

the acetic and acetous acids, 530. Daubenton, M. his lecture on natural history, 460. Excellent character of this writer, and of his works, 510. Davy, Mr. account of some Gal

vanic combinations, &c. 297. Deaf and dumb persons, particulars relating to the education of, 133. See also Sicard. Deafness, a particular kind of, how remedied, 304. Delambre, M. on the passage of Mercury over the sun, 518. Descroizelles, M. his account of the danger of keeping phosphorus in a bottle, should it burst, 530.

Desessartz, M. on the use of mer

cury in the small-pox, 519. Diseases, in London, in 1796, brief statement of, 402. Mr. Webster's account of those which are epidemic and pestilential, 404.

Dolomieu, M. on making gun.
Aints, 517.

Domingo, St. account of antiqui-
ties found there, 30. Of the
dreadful political state of that
island, 333.
See also Tous-
saint.

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habitants and the Ottoman despotism, 59. Curious account of a mad and fruitless attempt to destroy the pyramids of Egypt, 345.

Electricity. See Wollaston. See

Ritter.

Elephant's tusk. See Combe.
Events, military, in the French

war, 495.

F

Fluids, coherence of. See Cou-
lombe.

Fatus, changes in the organs of.
See Sabatier.

France, state of, in her present
circumstances, as a republic,
189. Historical events relative
to the kingdom of, See Clovis,
Pepin, Charlemagne.

Normal schools lately established in that country, 459.

Military events of the late war, 495. Anecdotes relative to many of the principal victims belonging to the court, sacrificed at the beginning of the late revolution, 535. Memoirs of the late war between France and Spain,

541. Frederick William II. King of

Prussia, very unfavorably characterized, 234. 237. Frere, Mr. his account of flints in Suffolk, 30. Supposed to have been weapons of war, ibid.

G

Garat, M. his lecture on the analysis of the understanding,

461.

Duhamel, M. on refining lead, 518. Garthshore, Dr. See Combe.

Nn 2

Gillies,

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