the most horrible scene that the imaginati right hand of the sufferer, which held a k uttered a terrible cry as the member crackle then silent and looked at the charred stump w Then the executioner tore out pieces of flesh and poured into the flesh a mixture of melted pitch, wax and sulphur; at which, says the aforesaid criminal cried out at several interval Strength!' O Lord, my God, have pity on m how I suffer!' 'Lord, my God, give me fortitu burning of his hand, he uttered cries at the in torture, then became calm and silent, and patie wounds.

Four young and vigorous horses were the limbs; but though they pulled with all their st the extension of the members was prodigious, t in quartering the sufferer until the surgeon's 1 joints. The victim lived till the last limb was t and then only gave up the ghost. His mangled r upon a pile of wood and burned to ashes. Th lasted hours, and night closed upon the horrible of the victim, whose tortures were contemplated by the most refined ladies of the kingdom, wa Damiens, and his crime that of stabbing Louis The King was very slightly wounded, but terrib assassin was arrested on the spot. His motive wa cism; the King being at variance with the Archbis hostile to certain pretensions of the Church. N would have ordered such a diabolical punishmen But what monsters of cruelty the great majority of been!

hat the imagination can conceive! , which held a knife, was burned e member crackled in the blaze, and e charred stump with mournfulatten ut pieces of flesh from his arms ank mixture of melted lead, boiling cl which, says the official report, "1 at several intervals, 'My God! Strang , have pity on me!' 'O Lord, my G , give me fortitude!" As during ed cries at the infliction of each f silent, and patiently contemplated

horses were then harnessed to b with all their strength, and tho as prodigious, they did not succe the surgeon's knife had scored the last limb was torn from his be His mangled remains were throw I to ashes. The punishment on the horrible scene. The name e contemplated with satisfaction e kingdom, was Robert Francs tabbing Louis XV with a knife. ded, but terribly alarmed. The His motive was religious fanati th the Archbishop of Paris and › Church. No one but a King al punishment to be inflicted. at majority of monarchs have

LESSON XXXIII.

OF IMPEACHMENT.

338. We have several times alluded in previous sons to impeachment as a means used under the An can system to eject a bad public officer from his posit before the close of the term for which he was electe appointed.

What is impeachment?

cers.

It is the calling to account or arraignment c public officer, for maladministration of his office 339. What public officers are liable to impeachment? A. The President and Vice President of the Un States, the Judges of the Supreme Court, and of various United States Courts, and other chief But impeachments are not necessary in the of Senators and Representatives, for each house ha the exclusive control of its own members, and the righ expel them for malfeasance, this power is sufficient their governance.* Neither is impeachment necessar dealing with subordinate appointees of the Execu who, being politically responsible for their conduct, remove them at his pleasure.†

B. The Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Se tary of State, Controller, Treasurer, Attorney-G eral, Surveyor-General, Judges of the Supre Court and District Courts of a State, are liabl impeachment in their several States.

*Duer's Const. Jurisprudence, 66.

338. What is impeachment?

(All t

†Federalist, Sec. 65.

Representatives so liable? Why not? Are subordinate appointees of the E

officers are elected for fixed terms.)
and Members of Assembly, and appo
ernor to civil offices, are not so liable
340. Where does the power of impea
before what Courts are they tried?

In the case of a Federal officer, the prepared and managed by the House of and is tried before the Senate.* In t officer, the lower house of the Legislat impeachment before the State Senate. tice of the Supreme Court presides when sitting as a Court of Impeachment 341. What rights are secured to publ impeachment?

The accused has substantially the sam guaranteed to persons accused of crime dinary Courts of law. The trial is condu ner similar to that of a criminal indictme Jury.t

342. What are the limits to the punishme inflicted by the Senate on impeachment? A. Removal from office.

B. Disqualification to hold and enjo of honor, trust or profit under the Fed

*United States Const. Art. I, Sec. 2, Clause 5.. Ib., Art. I, S †Townsend's Analysis, 147.

340. Where does the power of impeachment reside? Befor impeachments tried? How is this in the case of Federal office case of State officers? Who presides in the Senate when sitti

341. What rights are secured to public officers under impeac the trial conducted?

342. What is the limit to the punishment that can be inflicte on impeachment? If the offense he also

Government, as the case may be.* But the 1 found guilty may be further indicted and punishe the ordinary Courts, if his offense be amenable to criminal laws. Thus, a Judge, removed from offic impeachment for accepting a bribe, may also be p cuted for the offense against the law, and sentence the State Prison. †

343. For what offenses may public officers be impeach The United States Constitution says: "The P ident, Vice President and all civil officers of United States shall be removed from office on peachment for, and conviction of, treason, bribe or other high crimes and misdemeanors." ↑

344. Why is impeachment provided for in all our stitutions, and yet so carefully guarded as to its limits mode of procedure, and its punishment?

A. It is provided, because without it there would no means of dispossessing a corrupt or disloyal of (above the grade of appointee, who is removable at pleasure of the Executive) until the expiration of term of office; whereby the public interests might su

B. It is limited to the charges of "treason, bril or other high crimes or misdemeanors," because ot wise, party zeal or popular clamor might procure disgrace and removal of good officers belonging to opposite party, on frivolous pretenses; thus endanger not only the rights of the persons impeached, but of

*United States Const., Art. I, Secs. 3, 7. Also, Cal. Penal Code, 1872, Sec † New York Penal Code, Sec. 126.

Art. II, Sec. 4.

343. For what offenses may public officers be impeached? Quote the c from the Federal Constitution on this topic.

344. Why is impeachment provided for in all our Constitutions? Why limited to treason, bribery, and other high crimes and misdemeanors ?

public, to the extent of the interests c of such officers.

C. It is limited as to punishment, fenses as constitute a disqualification t in the nature of things be passed upor the penalties visited by ordinary punis nary citizens. For instance, a Govern murder. Though he be Governor, he is liable to be hung for such a crime as ar it would be a great public inconveni scandal, were the chief officer of a S office while undergoing a trial, imprison tion for a murder. Therefore, he must of his office, and then as a private citizen to the criminal Courts to be dealt with a other hand, were impeachment to inclu criminal punishment for the crime comm lature, while engaged in an impeachment interfering with the Judiciary. (See Les 345. How are unfaithful subordinate moved?

By information, followed by trial and malfeasance in a State Court.*

346. Is impeachment purely an America No. For it was derived by the Unit England. But it exists nowhere else tha countries; and its use in England is much than in America.

*See Cal. Statutes, Act of 1853.

345. How are subordinate State officers removed for mal 346 To imma__L_