Page images
PDF
EPUB

work through the mud walls, and plunder the premises unperceived.

Job, xxx. 22. Thou liftest me up to the wind; thou causest me to ride upon it, and dissolvest my substance.

Job seems to refer to the pillars of sand common in those parts; and described at large by Bruce.

Job, xxxi. 27. If........ my mouth hath kissed my hand.

The Mahometans, in salutation, kiss their hands. The Cingalese clap their hands before the face, and, approaching a superior, or before the image of Budhu, make a profound bow.

Psalm. iii. 2. Selah.

On hearing banna, or Budhuist discourse read, the natives at intervals, exclaim, Sãdoo! meaning good! bravo! Possibly, circumstances might render such passages in the Psalms as are so marked, of particular importance at the time they were composed. The Cingalese Sadoo, has certainly an interesting effect on an audience.

Psalm, xxxvii. 2. For they shall soon be cut down like the grass, and wither as the green herb.-Psalm, xc. 5, 6. They are like grass which groweth up. In the morning it flourisheth, and groweth up; in the evening it is cut down and withereth. Grass in the east is cut up green, and given to horses. There is nothing like English hay-harvest, though intimated by the English version.

Psalm, xliv. 20. If we have forgotten the name of our God, or stretched out our hands to a strange god ....?

A worshipper of Budhu carries a flower, or any

offering to the temple, in his open hand, held as high as his head. Mr. Ward says, when a Hindoo solicits a favour of his gods, he stretches out his joined hands open towards the image, while he presents his petition, as if expecting to receive what be is asking.

Psalm, xlv.; Esther; Solomon's Song; Matthew, xxii. 1—4; Luke, xiv. 16—24.

The marriage festivals in Scripture, however hyperbolically described to a European eye, are strictly consonant with established usage. The 45th Psalm is considered by Calmet's Editor, a coronation song; and likewise the 24th. In this view, verse 1 to 6, is considered as sung by the priests standing on the steps of the temple. Then, Selah:-a change; verse 7, by the king's company: verse 8, by the virgins. See on Psalm xlv. Horsley's Sermons. See also the note on Isaiah, iii. 20.

Psalm, lix. 7. Swords are in their lips.-Proverbs, xii. 18. There is that speaketh like the piercing of a sword.-Revelations, i. 16. Out of his mouth went a sharp two edged sword.

Turks have been seen standing in a posture of defiance, with a naked sword between their teeth.

Psalm, Ixiii. 10. They shall fall by the sword; they shall be a portion for foxes.

The word translated fox, should, according to the best authorities, be rendered jackall-an animal which abounds in Judea, and generally in the east. The threatening, in this view, says Mr. Ward, is very striking to a Hindoo, who may see them devouring human bodies daily.-Sampson could accomplish his purpose, it may be supposed, with no great difficulty:-Judges, xv. 4. They are pretty numerous in Ceylon, and do much damage. At

night, in the interior, where numbers of them herd together, they set up a hideous yell.

Psalm, Ixiv. 3. Who whet their tongue like a sword, and bend their bows to shoot their arrows, even bitter words.-Psalm, lvii. 4. My soul is among lions: and I lie even among them that are set on fire, even the sons of men, whose teeth are spears and arrows, and their tongue a sharp sword.

Mungo Parke saw two arrows between the teeth of a negro, who, with one in his bow, a bundle in his hand, and a quiver at his back, waved his band for the stranger to keep his distance.

Psalm, lxviii. 13. Though ye have lien among the pots, yet shall ye be as the wings of a dove, covered with silver, and her feathers with yellow gold.

The writer's recollections appear to extend to the Egyptian bondage. Fires are often made in caverns by travellers; and often for superstitious purposes, in the east. The soot about the rocks is likely to smut the doves flying among them for shelter.-In Jeremiah, xlviii. 28, the writer's anticipations appear to reach the dove painted on the banner, or to those kept for show, according to Mr. Harmer, and which were ornamented in the way alluded to by the

Psalmist. That the dove was borne as a standard is very probable. In the title of Psalm lvi. there seems an allusion thereto-" Jonah-elem-rechochim." -On the dove-silenced-distanced. This might be a musical air: possibly composed on some defeat of the distant dove. So perhaps, Psalm lxviii. When kings were scattered by the Almightywith doves it may be, on their banners, the Israel dove, (verse 14,) was white as snow in Salmon.The Hebrew of Jeremiah 1. 16. rendered "the oppressing sword," is "the sword of the Dove."

Psalm, lxv. 13. The valleys also are covered over with corn. This agrees much better with Eastern than with European cultivation. In Ceylon an extensive

valley of corn is finely contrasted with the mountainous jungle contiguous.

Psalm, lxxx. 13. The boar out of the wood doth waste it, and the wild beast of the field doth devour it.

Wild-hogs, buffaloes, elephants and deer greatly injure the gardens and fields of the Cingalese, as do the two former, those of the Hindoos, according to Mr. Ward. Places are constructed for people to watch in during the night; who frighten them away by fire.

Psalm, xci. 5. Thou shalt not be afraid for the terror by night; nor for the arrow that flieth by day.

The Turks call the plague, the dart of Almighty God.

Psalm, xci. 11, 12. For he shall give his angels charge over thee, to keep thee in all thy ways. They shall bear thee up in their hands, lest thou dash thy foot against a stone.

Palanquin bearers in bad roads or crossing rivers, warn one another against striking their feet against stones, or roots of trees, or branches. The foremost ones call out to those behind, and say whether the danger is to the right or left.-Cautions highly necessary to people who go barefooted.

Psalm, xciii. 1. The Lord reigneth; he is clothed with majesty; the Lord is clothed with strength, wherewith he hath girded himself. The world also is stablished, that it cannot be moved. -Luke, xii. 35. Let your loins be girded about, and your lights burning.—1 Peter, i. 13. Wherefore gird up the loins of your mind.

The Cingalese, like the Hindoos when about to exert themselves, fasten their cloth tight about their loins.

Psalm, cix. 19. Let it be unto him as the garment which covereth him, and for a girdle wherewith he is girded continually. -See Daniel, x. 5; Matthew, iii. 4.

The Cingalese and Hindoos tighten their cloth about the loins with a silver or gold chain, or commonly a handkerchief. The chiefs in full dress wear girdles, of splendid appearance.

Psalm, cxxiii. 2.-Behold as the eyes of servants look unto the hand of their masters, and as the eyes of a maiden unto the hand of her mistress; so our eyes wait upon the Lord our God, until that he have mercy upon us.

The Easterns direct their servants very generally by signs-even in matters of consequence. The Cingalese intimate their wish for a person to approach, by bending the finger with the point towards the person wanted, as if to seize him-quite in the opposite direction to the English way of beckoning. To depart is signified by a side nod; and a frown by a front one.One Racub, a vizier, in conversation with an ambassador, was whispered by his high provost, and denoted his answer by a slight horizontal motion of the hand. The vizier resumed an agreeable smile; and when the conversation ended, the significancy of the token was dreadfully explained, by nine heads cut off and placed in a row on the outside of the fort gate.

Psalm, cxxxix. 2. Thou compassest my path. [margin, winnowest.] -Jeremiah, xv. 7. And I will fan them in the gates of the land. See Matthew, iii. 12; Luke, iii. 17.

In Egypt, corn is separated from the chaff, by

« PreviousContinue »