Ecological MethodologyEcological Methodology, Second Edition provides a balance of material on animal and plant populations, and teaches students of ecology how to design efficient tests in order to obtain maximum precision with minimal work. |
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Page 90
... observed value of U exceeds 2 standard errors of U , then we reject the null hypothesis that the negative binomial is an adequate fit to the observed data ( at a = .05 ) . Note that this is true only for large samples and is only ...
... observed value of U exceeds 2 standard errors of U , then we reject the null hypothesis that the negative binomial is an adequate fit to the observed data ( at a = .05 ) . Note that this is true only for large samples and is only ...
Page 92
... observed count x by log ( x + 1 ) k If k is greater than 5 : replace each observed count x by x + 0.375 sinh - 1 k - 0.75 ( 3.18 ) ( 3.19 ) -1 where sinh = Inverse of the hyperbolic sine approximated by sinh ̄ ' ( x ) loge ( x + √x2 + ...
... observed count x by log ( x + 1 ) k If k is greater than 5 : replace each observed count x by x + 0.375 sinh - 1 k - 0.75 ( 3.18 ) ( 3.19 ) -1 where sinh = Inverse of the hyperbolic sine approximated by sinh ̄ ' ( x ) loge ( x + √x2 + ...
Page 448
... observed X values Σ X2 = Sum of all the observed X values squared s = Observed standard deviation ( n + 1 ) { n Σ X1 − 4 ( Σ X ) ( Σ X3 ) + [ 6 ( Σ X ) 2 ( Σ X2 ) / n ] − [ 3 ( Σ X ) ^ / n2 ] } where 3 ( n - 1 ) 2 ( n - 2 ) ( n - 3 ) ...
... observed X values Σ X2 = Sum of all the observed X values squared s = Observed standard deviation ( n + 1 ) { n Σ X1 − 4 ( Σ X ) ( Σ X3 ) + [ 6 ( Σ X ) 2 ( Σ X2 ) / n ] − [ 3 ( Σ X ) ^ / n2 ] } where 3 ( n - 1 ) 2 ( n - 2 ) ( n - 3 ) ...
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Common terms and phrases
abundance aphids Appendix assumptions bias calculations capture Caughley census zone Chapter chi-square clumped coefficient of variation confidence interval confidence limits defined density estimate distance ecological ecologists END-OF-FILE Enter equal catchability equation estimate of population estimate population example Figure finite population FORMAT 2X formula frequency distribution index of dispersion line transect mark-recapture marked animals method n₁ nearest neighbor negative binomial distribution niche breadth niche overlap normal distribution null hypothesis Number of animals Number of individuals number of quadrats number of samples number of species observed obtained parameters Petersen plot Poisson distribution population density population estimate problem Program proportion quadrat counts random points random sampling ratio READ recaptures regression sample size sample sizes sampling unit Schnabel Seber second sample simple random sampling spatial pattern standard error statistical statistical population stratum study area survival rate Table techniques Total number transformation variable variance