PAROREIA, in ancient geography: 1. A town of Thrace, near mount Hæmus: (Liv. 39. c. 27.) 2. A town of Peloponnefus: 3. A diftrict of Phrygia. Strabo xii.

(1.) PAROS, in ancient geography, an island of the gean fea, one of the Cyclades, 38 miles from Delos; anciently called PACTYE and Minoa; allo Demetrias, Zacynt bus, Hyria, Hyleffea, and Cabarnis. It was the country of Archilochus, the Iambic poet, and famous for its white marble, called lychnites, becaufe dug with lamps. The name of Cabarnis is derived, according to Stephanus, from one Cabarnus, who informed Ceres of the rape of her daughter Proferpine; or, according to Hefychius, from the Cabarni, the priests of Ceres, fo called by the Parians. The name of Minoa is borrowed from Minos king of Crete, who fubdued this, as he did most of the other islands of the Ægean fea. It was called Paros, which name it retains to this day, from Paros the fon of Parthafius, or of Jafon the Argonaut. Paros, according to Pliny, is 7 miles from Naxos, and 28 from Delos. Some modern travellers will have it to be 80, others only 50 miles in compafs. Pliny fays it is half as large as Naxos, that is, 36 miles in compaís. Dr Brookes fays, it is 10 miles long, and 8 broad. It was a rich and powerful island, being reckoned the most wealthy of the Cyclades. (Pliny, Nepes, Strab. Nicanor, Virg. Hor. Ovid.) It is provided with feveral capacious and safe harbours, and was anciently much reforted to by traders. It was, according to Thucydides, originally peopled by the Phoenicians, who were the first mafters of the fea. Afterwards the Carians fettled here. Thucydides fays, the Carians were driven out by the Cretans under Minos; but Diodorus writes, that the Carians did not fettle here till after the Trojan war, when they found the Cretans in the island. Stephanus thinks that the Cretans, mixed with fome Arcadians, were the only people that ever poffeffed this ifland. Minos himself, Pliny fays, refided fome time in this illand, and received here the news of the death of his fon Androgeus, who was killed in Attica after he had diftinguished himself at the public games. The Parians were chofen from among all the Greeks by the Milefians to compofe the differences which had rent that ftate into factions. They acquitted themfelves with great prudence, and reformed the government. They afited Darius in his expedition against Greece with a confiderable squadron; but after the victory obtained by Miltiades at Marathon, they were reduced to great ftraits by that general. How ever, after blocking up the city for 26 days, he was obliged to quit the enterprize, and return to Athens with difgrace. After the battle of Sala mis, Themiftocles fubjected Paros and moft of the neighbouring iflands to Athens, exacting large fum from them for having favoured the Perfins. It appears from the famous monument of Adalas, which Cofmos of Egypt has defcribed with great exactness, that Paros and the other Cyclades were once fubject to the Ptolemies of Egypt. However, Paros fell again under the power of the Athenians, who continued mafters of it till they were driven out by Mithridates the Great. But that prince being obliged

VOL. XVII. PART I.

to yield to Sylla, Lucullus, and Pompey, this and the other islands of the Archipelago fubmitted to the Romans, who reduced then to a province with Lydia, Phrygia, and Caria. The Ruffians made this place their grand arfenal; their powder magazines, and feveral other buildings, are still standing; and the ifland is indebted to them for improving the convenience for water, and for the trade which the cafh they expended introduced among the inhabitants. It lies near to Naxia.

(2.) PAROS, the metropolis of the above island is ftyled by Stephanus a potent city, and one of the largeft in the Archipelago. The prefent city of Paros, now PARICHIA, is built upon its ruins; the country abounding with valuable monuments of antiquity. The very walls are built with columas, architraves, pedestals, mingled with pieces of ancient marble of a furprising magnitude, which were once employed in more noble edifices. Paros was indeed formerly famous for its marble, which was of an extraordinary whiteness, and in fuch request among the ancients that the best ftatuaries ufed no other. The celebrated statnaries Phidias and Praxiteles were born in it; and the authenticity of its marble chronicle is now eftablifhed. See ARUNDELIAN MARBLES; and PaRIAN CHRONICLE. The city lies on the W. coaft. Lon. 25. 44. E. Lat. 37. 8. N.

(1.) * PAROTID. adj. [parotide, Fr. zagolis raga and wra.] Salivary: fo named because near the ears.-Beafts and birds, having one common ufe of spittal, are furnished with the parotid glands, which help to fupply the mouth with it. Grew. (2.) PAROTID GLANDS, or the

PAROTIDES, See ANATOMY, Index.

* PAROTIS. n. J. [ragulis.] A tumour in the glandules behind and about the ears, generally called the emunctories of the brain; though, in deed, they are the external fountains of the faliva of the mouth. Wifeman.

* PAROXYSM. n. s. [xαpožvcμis; paroxyfme, Fr.] A fit; periodical exacerbation of a difeafe.

fancied to myfelf a kind of eafe, in the change of the paroxyfm. Dryden.-Amorous girls, through the fury of an hysteric paroxyfm, are caft into a trance for an hour. Harvey.-The greater diftance of time there is between the paroxyfms, the fever is lefs dangerous, but more obftinate. Arbuthnot. PARPAILLOTS, a name given to the Calvinifts in France. See CALVINISM.

PARQUIMANS, a county of N. Carolina, in Edenton diftrict, bounded on the N. by Virginia, E. by the Pafquotank, S. by Albemarle Sound, and W. by Chowan county. In 1795, it contained 3560 citizens, and 1878 flaves. A countycourt is held at the Court-houfe the zd Monday of February, May, Auguft, and November.

(1.) PARR, Catharine, was the eldest daughter of Sir Thomas Parr of Kendall. She was first married to John Nevil, Lord Latymer; after whofe death the fo captivated K. Henry VIII. that he raised her to the throne. The royal nuptials were folemnized at Hampton Court on the 12th of July 1534. Being religiously difpofed, the was, in the early part of her life, a zealous obferver of the Romih rites and ceremonies; but, in the dawning of the Reformation, he became as zea

E

lous

lous a promoter of the Lutheran doctrine; yet with fuch prudence and circumspection as her perilous fituation required. In fuch danger was the at one time, that the king had actually figned a warrant for committing her to the tower. She had art enough to restore herself to his good graces. The king died in January 1547, just 34 years after his marriage with his 3d Catharine; who in a fhort time was again efpouted to Sir Thomas Seymour lord-admiral of England: for in September 1548 The died in childbed. The hiftorians of this period generally infinuate, that she was poifoned by her husband, to make way for his marriage with the lady Elizabeth. That Catharine Parr was beautiful, is beyond a doubt; that the was pious and learned, is evident from her writings; and that her prudence and fagacity were not inferior to her other accomplishments, may be concluded from her holding up the baffion of a capricious tyrant as a shield acaiust her enemies; and that at the latter end of his days, when his paffions were enfeebled by age, and his peevith aufterity increafed by difeafe. She wrote, 1, Queen Catharine Pari's lamentation of a finner, bewailing the ignorance of her blind life; Lond. 8vo, 1548, 1563. 2. Prayers or meditations, wherein the nynd is ftirred patiently to fuffre all afflictions here, to fet at nought the vain profperitee of this world, and always to long for the everlastynge felicitee. Collected out of holy workes, by the most virtuous and gracious princeffe, Katharine, queene of Englande, France, and Irelande. Printed by J. Wayland, 1543, 4to,-1561, 12mo. 3. Other Meditations, Prayers, Letters, &c. unpublished. (2.) PARR, Thomas, or Old Parr, a remarkable Englishman, who lived in the reigns of ten kings and queens. He was the fon of John Parr, a hufbandman of Winnington, in the parish of Alderbury, Salop. Following the profeffion of his father, he laboured hard, and lived on coarse fare. Being taken up to London by the E. of Arundel, the journey proved fatal to him. Owing to the alteration in his diet, to the change of the air, and his general mode of life, he lived but a very fhort time; though one Robert Samber fays, in his work, entitled Long Livers, that Parr lived 16 years after his prefentation to Charles II. He was buried in Weftminster Abbey. After his death his body was opened; and an account was drawn up by the celebrated DR HARVEY, of which the following is an extract: "He had a large breaft, not fungous, but sticking to his ribs, and diftended with blood; a lividnefs in his face, as he had a difficulty of breathing a little before his death, and a long lafting warmth in his armpits and breaft after it; which fign, together with others, were fo evident in his body as they use to be on those that die by fuffocation. His heart was great, thick, fibrous, and fat; the blood in the heart blackish and diluted; the cartilages of the fternum not more bony than in others, but flexile and foft. His vifcera were found and ftrong, especially the ftomach; and he used to eat often by night and day, though contented with old cheese, milk, coarfe bread, fmall beer, and whey; and, which is more remarkable, that he eat at midnight a little before he died. His kidnevs were covered with fat, and pretty found;

only on the interior surface were found fome aque ous or ferous abfceffes, whereof one was near the bignefs of a hen's egg, with a yellowish water in it, having made a roundish cavity, impreffed on that kidney; whence fome thought it came that, a little before his death, a fuppreffion of urine had befallen him; though others were of opinion, that his urine was suppressed upon the regurgitation of all the ferofity into his lungs. Not the leaft appearance there was of any ftony matter, either in the kidneys or bladder. His bowels were also found, a little whitish without. His fpleen very little, hardly equalling the bigness of one kidney. In short, all his inward parts appeared fo healthy, that if he had not changed his diet and air, he might perhaps have lived a good while longer. The caufe of his death was imputed chiefly to the change of food and air; forafmuch as coming out of a clear, thin, and free air, he came into the thick air of London; and, after a conftant plain and homely country diet, he was taken into a fplendid family, where he fed high, and drank plentifully of the best wines, whereupon the natural functions of the parts of his body were overcharged, his lungs obftructed, and the habit of the whole body quite difordered; upon which there could not but enfue a diffolution. His brain was found, entire, and firm; and though he had not the ufe of his eyes, nor much of his memory, feveral years before he died, yet he had his hearing and apprehenfion very well; and was able, even to the 130th year of his age, to do any husbandman's work, even threshing of corn.' The following fummary of his life is from Oldys's MS. notes on Fuller's Worthies: "Old Parr was born 1483; lived at home until 1500, æt. 17, when he went out to service. 1518, æt. 35, returned home from his master. 1522, æt. 39, spent four years on the remainder of his fa ther's leafe. 1543, æt. 60, ended the first lease he renewed of Mr Lewis Porter. 1563, æt. 80, married Jane, daughter of John Taylor, a maiden; by whom he had a fon and a daughter, who both died very young. 1564, æt. 81, ended the fecond leafe which he renewed of Mr John Porter. 1585, æt. 102, ended the third leafe he had renewed of Mr Hugh Porter. 1588, æt. 105, did penance in Alderbury church for lying with Katharine Milton, and getting her with child. 1595, æt. 112, he buried his wife Jane, after they had lived 32 years together. 1605, æt. 122, having lived 10 years a widower, he married Jane, widow of Anthony Adda, daughter of John Loyd of Gilfells, in Montgomeryshire, who furvived him. 1635, æt. 152 and 9 months, he died; after they had lived together 30 years, and after 50 years poffeffion of his last lease."

(I.) PARRA, in geography, a town of Perfia, in Segefta, 60 miles N. of Zareng.

(II.) PARRA, in ornithology, a genus of birds belonging to the order of gralle; the characters of which are: The bill is tapering and a little obtufe; the noftrils are oval, and fituated in the middle of the bill; the forehead is covered with fleshy caruncles, which are lobated; the wings are small, and spinous. There are 5 fpecies:

(1.) PARRA CHAVARIA is about the fize of a dung-hill cock, and flands a foot and a half from

the

French chirurgien. The flesh is accounted pretty good.

4. PARRA SENEGALLA, is about the fame fize with the DOMINICA, N° 2. Its bill is alfo yellow tipped with black; the forehead is covered with a yellow fkin; the chin and throat are black; the head and upper parts of the body and leffer wing covers the grey-brown. The lower part of the belly, and the upper and under tail-coverts are dirty white. At the bend of the wing, is a black fpur. It inhabits Senegal, and thence derives its name. The negroes call them Uett Uett, the French the fquallers, becaufe, as we are told, as foon as they fee a man they fcream and fly off. They always fly in pairs.

the ground. The bill is of a dirty white colour; the upper mandible fimilar to that in a dung-hill cock; the noftrils are oblong, pervious: on both fides, at the base of the bill, is a red membrane, which extends to the temples. The irides are brown. On the hind head, are about 12 blackish feathers, 3 inches long, forming a creft, and hanging downwards. The reft of the neck is covered with a thick black down. The body is brown, and the wings and tail inclined to black. On the bend of the wings, are 2 or 3 fpurs half an inch long. The belly is a light black. The thighs are half bare of feathers. The legs are very long, and of a yellow red colour. The toes are fo long as to entangle one another in walking. "This fpecies (fays Mr Latham, in his Synopfis) inhabits the lakes, &c. near the river Cinu, about 30 leagues from Carthagena, in S. America, and feeds on vegetables. Its gait is folemn and flow; but it flies easily and swiftly. It cannot run, unlefs affifted by the wings at the fame time. When any part of the fkin is touched by the hand, a crackling is felt, though it is very downy beneath the feathers; and, indeed, this down adheres fo closely as to enable the bird at times to fwim. The voice is clear and loud, but far from agreeable. The natives, who keep poultry in great numbers, have one of these tame, which goes along with the flock about the neighbourhood to feed during the day, when this faithful fhepherd de fends them against birds of prey; being able, by means of the fpurs on the wings, to drive off birds as big as the carrion vulture, and even that bird itself. It is fo far of the greatest use, as it never deferts the charge committed to its care, bringing them all home fafe at night. It is fo tame as to fuffer itself to be handled by a grown perfon, but will not permit children to attempt the fame. For the above account, we are indebted to Linnæus, who feems to be the only one who has given any account of this wonderful bird."

2. PARRA DOMINICA, is about the fize of the lapwing. The bill is yellow, as are alfo the head and upper parts; the under are of a yellowish white bordering on rose colour. The legs are alfo yellow. This fpecies inhabits feveral of the warmer parts of America and St Domingo.

3. PARRA JACANA, the fpur-winged water-hen, is about the fize of the water rail. The bill is in length about an inch and a quarter, of an orange colour; and on the forehead is a membranous flap, half an inch long and nearly as broad. On each fide of the head alfo is another of the fame, about a quarter of an inch broad, and both together they furround the base of the bill. The head, throat, neck, breaft, and under parts, are black; and fometimes the belly is mixed with white, &c. This fpecies inhabit Brafil, Guiana, and Surinam; but are equally common at St Domingo, where they frequent the marfly places, fides of ponds, and ftreams, and wade quite up to the thighs in the water. They are alfo generally feen in pairs, and when feparated call each other continually till they join again. They are very fhy, and moft common in the rainy feafons in May and November. They are at all times very noify; their cry fharp and fhrill, and may be heard a great way off. This is called by the

5. PARRA VARIABILIS, the fpur-winged water hen, is about 9 inches long. The bill is about 14 inches in length, and in colour orange-yellow. On the forehead is a flap of red fkin; the crown of the head is brown, marked with spots of a darker colour; the hind part of the neck is much the fame, but of a deeper dye. The fides of the head, throat, fore part of the neck, breaft, belly, thighs, and under tail coverts are white, with a few red spots on the fides of the belly and base of the thighs. On the fore part of the wing is a ye!low fpur, &c. The legs are furnished with long toes, as in all the others, the colour of which is bluish afh. Mr Latham fays, that one which came under his infpection from Cayenne was rather smaller. It had the upper parts much paler; over the eye was a ftreak of white paffing no further, and unaccompanied by a black one. The hind part of the neck was dufky black. It had only the rudiment of a spur; and the red caruncle on the forehead was lefs, and laid back on the forehead. From thefe differences, this learned ornithologist conceives it to have differed either in fex or age from the other. This fpecies inhabits Brafil, and is faid to be pretty common about Carthagena and in South America.

PARRAMATTA, a town of New S. Wales, fettled by British convicts, at the harbour of Port Jackson, 11 miles W. of Sydney Cove, between Rofe-hill and the landing place. In 1791, about 1000 acres of the adjacent grounds were in cultivation; and the foil is good. Lon. 151. 39. E. Lat. 33. 50. S.

PARRECEY, a town of France, in the dep. of Jura; 44 m. S. of Dole, and 44 NNE. of Chauffin.

PARRELS, n. f. in a fhip, are frames made of trunks, ribs, and ropes, which, having both their ends faftened to the yards, are fo contrived as to go round about the maft, that the yards by their means may go up and down upon the maft. Thefe also, with the breaftropes, faften the yards to the mafts.

PARRET, or PEDRED, a river of Somersetshire, which rifes in the S. part of that county, on the borders of Dorsetshire. Near Langport it is joined by the Ordered, augmented by the Ivel; and, about four miles from this junction, it is joined by the Tone or Thone, a pretty large river, rifing among the hills in the western parts of this country. About two miles below the junction of the Tone, the Parret receives another confiderable ftream; and thus augmented, it paffes by the town of Bridgewater, and falls into the Bristol channel in Bridgewater Bay.

E 2

(1.) PAR

(1.) PARRHASIUS, a famous ancient painter of Ephefus, or, as fome fay, of Athens: he flourished about the time of Socrates, according to Xenophon. It is faid, that he was excelled by Timanthes, but excelled Zeuxis. His fubjects were very licentious.

(2.) PARRHASIUS, Janus, a famous grammarian in Italy, who was born at Cofenza, in Naples, in 1470. He was intended for the law, the profeffion of his ancestors; but he preferred claffical learning. His real name was John Paul Parifius; but according to the humour of the grammarians of that age, he called himfelf Janus Parrbafius. He taught at Milan with much reputation, being admired for a graceful delivery, in which he chiefly excelled other profeffors. He went to Rome when Alexander VI. was pope; but left it when in danger of being involved in the misfortunes of Cajetan and Savello, with whom he had fome correfpondence. Soon after, he was appointed profeffor of rhetoric at Milan; but prefuming to cenfure the teachers there as arrant blockheads, they accused him of a criminal converfe with his fcholars, which obliged him to leave Milan. He went to Vicenza, where he obtained larger falary; and he held this profefforfhip till the Venetian states were laid wafte by the troops of the League; upon which he returned to his native country. By the recommendation of John Lafcaris, he was called to Rome by Leo X. who appointed him profeffor of polite literature. But, exhaufted by his ftudies and labours, he became so afflicted with the gout, that he was obliged to return to Calabria, where he fell into a fever, and died. There are feveral books afcribed to him; particularly Commentaries on Horace and Ovid.

PARRHESIA. See ORATORY, § 233.

* PARRICIDAL, PARRICIDIOUS. adj. [from parricida, Lat.] Relating to parricide; committing parricide.-He is now paid in his own way, the parricidious animal, and the punishment of murtherers is upon him. Brown.

(1.) * PARRICIDE. n. f. [parricide, French; parricida, Latin.] 1. One who deftroys his fa

ther.

I told him the revenging gods 'Gainft parricides did all their thunder bend. Shak. 2. One who deftroys or invades any to whom he owes particular reverence, as his country or patron. 3. Parricide, Fr. parricidium, Lat.] The murder of a father; murder of one to whom reverence is due. Although he was a prince in military virtue approved, and likewife a good law. maker; yet his cruelties and parricides weighed down his virtues. Bacon.

one's

He will by parricide fecure the throne. Dryd. (2.) PARRICIDE, (§ 1. Def. 3.) is the murder of 's parents or children. By the Roman law, it was punished in a feverer manner than any other kind of homicide. After being fcourged, the delinquents were fewed up in a leathern fack, with a live dog, a cock, a viper, and an ape, and fo caft into the fea. Solon, it is true, in his laws, made none against parricide; apprehending it impoffible that one thou'd be guilty of fo unatural a barbarity. And the Perfians, according to Herodotus, entertained the fame notion, when they adjudged all perfons who killed their reputed parents to be

baftards. And upon fome fuch reafon as this must we account for the omiffion of an exemplary punishment for this crime in the English law, which treats it no otherwife than as fimple murder, unlefs the child was alfo the fervant of the parent. For, though the breach of natural relation is unobferved, yet the breach of civil or ecclefiaftic connections, when coupled with murder, denominates it a new offence; no less than a species of treafon, called, parva proditio, or petit treason: which, however, is nothing else but an aggravated degree of murder; although, on account of the vio lation of private allegiance, it is ftigmatized as an inferior fpecies of treafon. And thus, in the ancient Gothic conftitution, we find the breach, both of natural and civil relations, ranked in the fame clafs with crimes against the state and fovereign. PARRICIDIOUS. See PARRICIDAL.

PARROAH, a town of Ceylon, 50 miles WSW. of Trinkomaly.

PARROCEL, the name of 3 eminent French painters. 1. Jofeph was born at Brignoles, in 1648; tudied at Paris, and in Ita:y under Bourguignon; became eminent for painting battles, though he had never seen an army; was elected a, member of the academy of painting; and died at Paris in 1704. 2. Charles, his fon and pupil, became also so emiment, that he was appointed to paint the conquests of Lewis XV. He died at Paris in 1752, aged 63. Peter, born at Avignon, nephew to Jofeph, was alfo his pupil, and performed many capital works at St Germain, &c. His chief piece is at Marfeilles. He died in 1739, aged 75.

(1.) PARROT. n. J. [perroquet, French.] A particoloured bird, of the fpecies of the hooked bill, remarkable for the exact imitation of the human voice. See PAROQUET.

Some will ever more peep through their eyes, And laugh like parrots at a bag-piper. Shak. Who taught the parrots human notes to try? Dryden. (2.) PARROT. See PSITTACUS. PARR-TOWN, a town of Nova Scotia. PARRY, Richard, D. D. a learned English di vine, educated at Oxford, where he graduated in 1757. He was rector of Wichampton, and minifter of Market Harborough, where he died in 1780. He wrote many ufeful religious treatises.

*To PARRY. v. n. [parer, French.] To put by thrusts; to fence.-A man of courage, who cannot fence, and will put all upon one thrust, and not ftand parrying, has the odds against a moderate fencer. Lacke.

With learned fkill, now push, now parry, From Darii to Bocardo vary. Prior. PARSBERG, a town of Bavaria, in Newburg; 9 miles NNE. of Dietfurt, and 18 NW. of Ratifbon.

PARSCHINA, a town of China, in Tobolsk; 560 miles SE. of Turuchanfk. Lon. 124. 40. E. Ferro. Lat. 60. 40. N.

PARSCHWITZ, a town of Silefia, in Leignitz; 9 miles SSE. of Luben, and 8 NE. of Leignitz.

*To PARCE. v. a. [from pars, Latin.] To refolve a fentence into the elements or parts of fpeech. It is a word only used in grammar schools. Let him conftrue the letter into English, and

parfe

parfe it over perfectly. Afcham's Schoolmafler. Let scholars reduce the words to their original, to the first cafe of nouns, or firft tenfe of verbs, and give an account of their formations and changes, their fyntax and dependencies, which is called parfing. Watts on the Mind.

PARSHORE, a town of Worcestershire, 7 miles from Worcester, and 102 from London, on the N. fide of the Avon, near its junction with the Bow, being a confiderable thoroughfare in the lower road from Worcester to London. A religious houfe was founded here in 604, a small part of which now remains, and is ufed as the parish church of Holy Crofs, the whole of which contained above 10 acres. The abbey church was 250 feet long, and 120 broad. The parish of Parfhore is of great extent, and hath within its limits many manors and chapelries. At prefent it has two parishes, Holy Crofs and St Andrew. In Holy Crofs church are several very antique monuments. Its chief manufacture is ftockings. It contains about 300 houses, and has markets on Tuesday and Saturday; fairs Eafter Tuesday, June 26th, and Tuesday before Nov. 1t.

* PARSIMONIOUS. adj. [from parfimony.] Covetous; frugal; fparing. It is fometimes of a good, fometimes of a bad fenfe.-A prodigal king is nearer a tyrant, than a parfimonious. Bacon.-A long parfimonious war will drain us of more men and money. Addifon.—

Parfimonious age and rigid wisdom. Rowe. * PARSIMONIOUSLY. adv. [from parfimo nious.] Covetoufly; frugally; fparingly.-Our anceftors acted parfimoniously, because they only spent their own treasure for the good of their posterity. Swift.

* PARSIMONIOUSNESS. n.. [from Parfimo nious.] A difpofition to spare and fave.

* PARSIMONY. n. f. [parfimonia, Latin.] Frugality; covetousness; niggardliness; saving temper.]-The ways to enrich are many: parfimony is one of the beft, and yet is not innocent. Bacon. -These people, by their extreme parfimony, foon grow into wealth from the fmalleft beginnings. Savift.

PARSING. n. f. See To PARSE.

(1.) * PARSLEY. n. f. [perfil, Fr. apium, Lat. perfli, Welth. An herb.-A wench married in the afternoon, as the went to the garden for parsley to ftuff a rabbit. Shak.

Green beds of parsley near the river grow. Dryden. -Sempronia dug Titus out of the parsley-bed, as they used to tell children, and thereby became his mother. Locke.

(2.) PARSLEY, in botany. See APIUM. (3.) PARSLEY, BASTARD. See CAUCALIS. (4.) PARSLEY, BASTARD STONE. See SISON. (5.) PARSLEY, CORN. See Sison, N° 3. (6.) PARSLEY, FOOL's. See ETHUSA. (7.) PARSLEY, MACEDONIAN. See BUBON. (8.) PARSLEY, MILK. See SELINUM. (9.) PARSLEY, MOUNTAIN. See ATHAMAN

(5.) PARSNEP, WATER. See SIUM. (1.)* PARSON. n. f. [Derived either from perfona, because the parfon omnium perfonam in ecclefia fuftinet; or from parochianus, the parish priest.] 1. The priest of a parish; one that has a parochial charge or cure of fouls.-Abbot was preferred by king James to the bishoprick of Coventry and Litchfield, before he had been parfon, vicar, or curate of any parish church. Clarendon. 2. A clergyman.—

Sometimes comes fhe with a tithe-pig's tail, Tickling the parfon as he lies afleep. Shak. 3. It is applied to the teachers of the prefbyteri

ans.

(2.) A PARSON is one that hath full poffeffion of all the rights of a parochial church. He is called parfon, perfona, because by his perfon the church is represented; and he is in himself a body corporate, to protect and defend the rights of the church (which he perfonates) by a perpetual fucceffion. He is fometimes called the rector or governor of the church; but the appellation of parfon is the most legal and moft honourable title that a parish priest can enjoy; because such a one, (Sir Edward Coke obferves), and he only, is faid vicem feu perfonam ecclefiæ gerere. A parfon has, during his life, the freehold in himfelf of the parfonage house, the glebe, the tithes, and other dues. But these are sometimes appropriated; that is, the benefice is perpetually annexed to fome spiritual corporation, either fole or aggregate, being the patron of the living; whom the law efteems equally capable of providing for the fervice of the church as any single private clergyman. (See APPROPRIATION, 2.) The appropriating corporations, or religious houses, were wont to depute one of their own body to perform divine fervice, and adminifter the facraments in those parishes of which the fociety was thus the parfon. This officiating minister was in reality no more than a curate, deputy, or vicegerent of the appropriator, and therefore called vicarius, VICAR. His ftipend was at the discretion of the appropriator, who was, however, bound of common right to find fomebody, qui illi de temporalibus, epifcopo de spiritualibus, debeat refpondere. But this was done in fo fcandalous a manner, and the parishes suffered so much by the neglect of the appropriators, that the legislature was forced to interpofe and accordingly it is enacted, by ftat. 15 Ric. II. c. 6. that in all appropriations of churches the diocefan bishop fhall ordain (in proportion to the value of the church) a competent fum to be diftributed among the poor parishioners annually; and that the vicarage fhall be fufficiently endowed. The parish frequently fuffered, not only by the want of divine fervice, but alfo by with-holding those alms for which, among. other purposes, the payment of tithes was originally impofed: and therefore in this act a penfion is directed to be diftributed among the poor parochians,