America, Past and Present: To 1877

abolitionism abolitionists Adams Adams-Onís Treaty Ameri American antislavery army Atlantic ATLANTIC OCEAN Bank became blacks Britain British Carolina century Chesapeake churches civil colonial colonists commercial common Congress Constitution cotton crisis culture delegates Democratic early economic elected electoral England English European farmers federal Federalists force France French George Hamilton House immigrants independence Indians issue Jackson James Jay's Treaty Jefferson John labor land leaders Madison major Manifest Destiny Martin Van Buren Massachusetts ment Mexican Mexico military Mississippi mother country movement Native Americans North northern OREGON COUNTRY Parliament party peace plantation planters political population president reform religious Republic Republican Revolution River SECOND PARTY SYSTEM Secretary Senate settlement settlers ship slaveholders slavery slaves social society South South Carolina southern Spain Spanish territory Texas tion tional trade Treaty troops Union United victory Virginia vote Washington West Whigs William women York