Remarks upon Le Courayer's Book in defence of the English Ordinations, wherein all his arguments are answered, and the invalidity of the English Ordinations is fully considered and fully proved, by Clerophilus Alethes, (John Constable.) — Without place or date.

"It is," observes Dr. Oliver, "a work of considerable research, and was much admired by the Rev. Robert Manning, an excellent judge in such matters." According to Chancellor Harington (Notes and Queries, second series, vol. i. p. 135), Constable did not respond to any portion of Courayer's Defence of his Dissertation. These "Remarks" and another popish publication by John Trapp-(England's Conversion and Reformation compared, Antwerp 1725, 8vo)-are noticed in Lindsay's Pref. to Mason pp. 114-16.

Besides Courayer several Romanists have allowed the Orders of the Church of England to be good and valid, e.g. Father Walsh, Father Davenport, alias Sancta Clara and Cudsemius; see Prideaux p. 45 (quoted by Lindsay). Bossuet made the same admission in his letter to Mabillon, quoted in the Appendix of Courayer's Defence, &c. Barnes, the Benedictine, went so far as to write a book (CatholicoRomanus Pacificus, see Brown's Fasciculus, vol. ii. p. 826-70) to induce the Roman patriarch to receive the English church into his communion, and to justify us from the charge of schism and heresy. See Basier On the Ancient Liberty of the Britannic Church and the legitimate exemption thereof from the Roman Patriarchate: three chapters concerning the Priviledges of the Britannic Church, &c. selected out of a Latin Manuscript, entitled Catholico-Romanus Pacificus: translated by Rich. Watson, Lond. 1661, 8vo. In Ussher's Opuscula, ad calc. will be found, Sententia de Ecclesiæ Britannica Privilegiis, ex Cathol. Rom. Pacif. sect. 3. This learned and candid man (Barnes) was, in consequence of his liberal notions, seized at Paris, carried prisoner to Rome, immured in the dungeon of the Inquisition, and ere long thrust into a madhouse, where he died. On his melancholy end see also the authors referred to in Walch, Bibl. Theol. vol. ii. p. 355. Basier's opusculum appears to have been unknown to C.L. Bingham; see Antiq. of the Christian Church, chap. ix.

C.L.

Detection of the Forgery of the Nag's Head Consecration: or a modest Vindication of the Clergy of the Church of England, both as to their Orders and Succession. By Matthew Earbery. 8vo Lond. 1722 He makes use of Leslie's four famous marks.

See No. 187 supra. The Succession of Protestant Bishops asserted; or the regularity of the ordinations of the Church of England justify'd. Wherein the first Protestant Bishops are cleared from the aspersions lately cast upon them by Mr. Thomas Ward, &c. By Daniel Williams. 8vo Lond. 1721

The first edition of the celebrated work of Francis Mason, "from which it appears," says Wood, vol. i. col. 546, "that the author was a general-read-scholar, thorough-pac'd in the Councils, and all sorts of Historie, whether divine, civil or profane," was in English, published Lond. 1613, fol., but greatly enlarged in the second, which the author wrote in Latin. The last edition is as follows: A Vindication of the Church of England, and of the lawful ministry thereof: that is to say, of the succession, election, confirmation and consecration of bishops, and also of the ordination of priests and deacons. In five books. Wherein the Church of England is defended against the calumnies and reproaches of Bellarmine, Saunders, Bristow, Harding, Allen, Stapleton, Parsons, Kellison, Eudæmon, Becanus, and other Romanists. Now faithfully translated from the Author's Latin edition (much enlarged and corrected). Whereunto is added a new edition of a Sermon of the same author's concerning the authority of the Church in making Canons and Constitutions in things indifferent. [On 1 Cor. xiv. 40. Also printed in Wordsworth's Christian Institutes, vol. iv. p. 444.] A copy of the first reformed Ordinal. A Translation of some fragments of Letters written to Father Le Courayer; in an Appendix. Together with an exact Index of the principal matters, and marginal Notes upon the whole Book. To all which is prefixed A full and particular Series of the Succession of our Bishops, through the several Reigns since the Reformation; an Historical Account of the Rise and Progress of the present Controversy, and of the several Writers on both sides; and particularly of our Learned Author Mason, and of all

his Works, in a large Preface. By John Lindsay, a Priest of the
Church of England. Fol. Lond. 1728.

Lindsay considers the pamphlet spurious, which was published
under Mason's name entitled, The Validity of the Ordination of the C.L.
Ministers of the Reform'd Churches beyond the Seas, maintained
against the Romanists, printed at Oxford 1641, 4to, for divers reasons,
as "1. With respect to the time of its appearance in the world. 2.
With respect to its Editor; viz. John Duree, a Scotsman, and a
Preacher, though whether he had taken Orders according to the Form
of the Church of England, which it seems he always scrupled, it doth
not appear. However he was a great pretender towards the making
a reconciliation between the Calvinists and Lutherans beyond the
Seas; but so far from being a friend to the Church of England, that
he sided with the Presbyterians, when they became prevalent in
1641, was one of the zealous Preachers before the Rebellious Parlia-
ment, and by them, amongst other employments, made one of their
pious Assembly of Divines, to reform away the Church of England
(Root and Branch) as they themselves reform'd the State," &c. An
account of John Dury, or Duræus, will be found in Worthington's
Diary and Correspondence. Cf. Lindsay in Byrom's Remains, vol. ii.
part ii. p. 532.

Professor Hey, in his admirable Lectures on Divinity, Cambridge, 1798, in reference to a succession of Bishops among Protestants, cites "Baxter on Councils, p. 471, Sect. viii., and page 484, Prop. vi. — Burnet on the Validity, etc.- Neal, vol. i. p. 502, bottom, 4to.— Heylin's Hist. of Episcopacy. - Archbishop Bramhall has a work on this subject, which may be good: see the account in his Life, Biogr. Britan. note (u): or his works in folio." To avoid repetition I must here refer to page 2, and conclude with

The story of the ordination of our first Bishops in Q. Elizabeth's reign at the Nag's Head Tavern in Cheap- Side thoroughly examined; and proved to be a late invented, inconsistent, self-contradictory and absurd fable. In answer to Le Quien and to Remarks on Le Courayer. By Thomas Brown, B.D. 8vo Lond. 1731

FF

CHAP. XVIII.

Of the discourses written of the unity, authority and infallibility of the Church.

C.L. 189. The guide in controversies; or a rational account of the doctrine of Roman Catholicks concerning the ecclesiastical guide in controversies of religion; reflecting on the later writings of Protestants, particularly of Archbp. Laud and Mr. Stillingflect, on this subject. By R. H. pp. 85, Pref. vii. 4to s. 1. 1673

C. L.

Sic in Catal. Bodl. This is by Abraham Woodhead, of Univ. Coll. Oxford. (See what has been said of him No. 163 supra.) He appears to have chosen the letters R. H. because they were the initials of the second syllables of his names. Peck gives the title of this book erroneously, and I have therefore corrected it, as above. It consists of five parts, with an appendix. Peck (following Wood) mentions only four; and yet Wood, although he says that the work consists of four parts, gives afterwards the title of the fifth. Ath. Oxon. vol. ii. cols. 614, 615. The first and second parts were published in London in 1666, 4to; the third and fourth, London 1667, 4to. So says Ant. Wood; but the Bodl. Catal. (which library contains only Parts III. and IV.) gives the date 1668, and says that no place of printing is mentioned. Parts I. and II. are of extreme rarity, the whole impression having been burnt in the fire of London, with the exception of a very few copies. Parts II. and III. were published in London 1667 [i.e. 1663), and all four parts together, with some additions and alterations, were printed again in London 1673, 4to.

The words "rational account" shew an evident allusion to Stillingfleet's "Origines Sacræ, or a rational account of the grounds of the Christian faith," &c., and to the same author's Rational Account of the grounds of the Protestant religion, &c.

Peck ought to have placed these books by Woodhead in Chap. I,, as they were connected with Stillingfleet's controversial writings published in the reign of Charles II. But as they were again brought

into the controversy about an infallible guide, &c., in the reign of
James II., he has placed them out of chronological order here; and
I have not thought fit to change their place, although I have been, in
consequence, obliged to introduce here a notice of several tracts that
ought to have had a place in Chap. I. J. H. T.

190.The Guide in Controversies. Part II. Proceeding upon C.L. the Concessions of Learned Protestants that the Pastors of the Church, some or other, in all Ages, do guide their subjects infallibly in Necessaries to search which, in any Division happening among these Pastors, are those to whom Christians ought to adhere, and yield their obedience. pp. 87-152.

191.The Guide in Controversies. Part III. pp. 153-373.

See Ath. Oxon. vol. ii. col. 614. Part of this third discourse was refuted by Dr. Edw. Stillingfleet, in his work entitled

A second (see No. 193 infra) discourse in vindication of the protestant grounds of faith, against the pretence of infallibility in the Roman Church, in answer to the Guide in Controversies, by R. H. Protestancy without principles, and Reason and Religion, by E. W. 8vo Lond. 1673.

See Stillingfleet's works, vol. v. p. 117, where the initials R. H. are
erroneously attributed to R. Holden, and E. W. to E. Warner. For
R. H., as we have seen, denote AbRaham WoodHead; and the other
two tracts are known to be by the Jesuit Edward Worseley; they are
not mentioned by Peck, but were published with the following titles:
Protestancy without principles; or sectaries unhappy fall from in-
fallibility to fancy; in four discourses. 4to Antwerp 1668.

Reason and Religion; or the certain rule of faith; where the infal-
libility of the Roman Catholic Church is asserted, against Atheists,
Heathens, Jews, Turks and all sectaries, with a refutation of Mr.
Stillingfleet's many gross errours. 4to Antwerp 1672.

C.L.

And soon after, the same author published a reply with this title: The infallibility of the Roman Catholick Church and her miracles, C. L. defended against Dr. Stillingfleet's cavils, unworthily made publick in two books; the one called An answer to several treatises, &c. (see Stillingfleet's works, vol. v. p. 220); the other, A vindication of the