After his expulsion he kept a private academy in Monk. well Street, which afterwards rose to be, as it still continues, a respectable meeting-house; here he continued to preach, and trained up several ministers of considerable pote. He published books of practical divinity to almost the time of his death, which happened on the 24th of May, 1707. He is said to have built the first meeting, house in London, and to have been the last that survived of the ejected ministers. His "Treatise on the Sacrament," has, perhaps, been oftener printed than any other book on that subject; and his "Call to delaying Sinners," has gone through many editions. His funeral sermon was preached by Dr. Daniel Williams.

At the eastern entrance to Addle Street, is

BREWERS' HALL.

The entrance to this handsome structure is through a large paved court, with the front of the hall on the north side, composed of a rich basement approaching to the Tuscan order. The upper story of red brick,

The HALL ROOM has a square window, dated 1774, is bordered with ears of barley, inclosing the arms of Eng land; of Richard Platt, Esq. benefactor, 1599; Henry, lord Willoughby, of Parham, twice master; an emblem of the branch of a fig tree, with red fruit, Dame Alice Owen, benefactress, 1614; and beneath, the arms of Samuel, lord Hawley, four times master.

The WITHDRAWING ROOM is ornamented by a large eastern window, in which are the arms of London, and of St. Thomas à Becket, impaling those of the archiepiscopal see of Canterbury. Three oval windows on the north side, are also filled with painted glass,

On the south wall is an oval tablet, embellished with carved work, which declares, that "The right worshipful Sir Samuel Starling, knight, and alderman of London, a worthy member of the Brewer's Company, did wainscot this parlour in the year 1670; the said Sir Samuel Starling being then lord mayor of the city of London."

In this room are the portraits of JAMES HICKSON, Esq. in a scarlet gown and large ruff. RICHARD PLATT, Esq. 1600, aged seventy-six. This gentleman, who was sheriff of London, founded a free grammar school and six almshouses for poor women, at Aldenham, Herts. Dame ALICE OWEN, foundress of the school and almshouses at Islington, where we shall have occasion to`make further mention of her. CHARLES I. and JAMES II.

The BREWERS COMPANY, were incorporated by Henry VI. in the year 1438, by the name of "The Master, and Keepers or Wardens, and Commonalty, of the Mystery or Art of Brewers of the City of London." King Ed ward IV. not only confirmed that charter; but he granted them a further power, to make by-laws. They at that time bore the arms of St. Thomas à Becket, impaled with their own but that saint's bones being taken up and burnt, and unsainted, by the powers in being, Clarencieux, king at arms, A. D. 1544, separated them, and gave the brewer's a crest in lieu thereof. It is now a livery company, governed by a master, three wardens, and a court of assistants.

It would exceed our limits to give a regular history of the London breweries, more especially as they have already been mentioned *; but we think it necessary to put together a few notices for the illustration of this part of our subject: During the reign of Henry VIII. the price of a quar

In the beginning of king William's reign, the duty on strong beer or ale was 1s. 3d. per barrel; on small beer, 3d. per barrel. The brewer then sold his brown ale for 16s. per barrel, and the small beer, which was made from the same grains, at 6s. per barrel. These were mostly carried from the brewhouse by the customers, and paid for with ready money; so that the brewer entertained but few servants, fewer horses, and had no stock of ale or beer by him, but a trifling quantity of casks, and his money returned before he paid either his duty or his malt. The victualler then sold ale for 2d. per quart.

Soon after the wars with France, farther duties were imposed on this commodity; in 1689, a tax of 9d. per barrel more was laid on strong, and 3d. per barrel on small; in 1690, the duty was advanced 2s. 3d. per barrel on strong beer, and 9d. per barrel on small; and in 1693, more duty was laid by 9d. per barrel on strong only.

At this period the brewer raised his price from 16s. to 18s. and 19s. per barrel, and the victualler raised his price to 22d. per quart.

In queen Anne's reign, during the French war, the malt tax, the duty on hops, and that on coals, took place; the duty on malt surpassing that on hops, the brewers endea voured at a liquor wherein no more of malt and hops should be used. The drinking of PORTER then became to be encouraged in preference to ale. This beer, when new, they sold for 22s. per barrel, and at the same time advanced their ale to 19s. and 20s. per barrel; but the people, not easily weaned from their heavy sweet drink. in general, drank ale nixed with beer from the victualler, at 21d. to 21d. per quart.

The gentry at this time residing in London, more than they had done in former times, introduced the pale ales, and the pale small beer, they were habituated to in the country; and either engaged some of their friends, or the London brewers, to make for them these kinds of drink. Affluence and cleanliness promoted the delivery of them in the brewers own casks, and at his charge. Pale malt being dearest,

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dearest, the brewer being loaded with more tax and more expence, fixed the price of small beer at eight and 10s. per barrel, and of the ale at 30s. per barrel; the latter was sold by the victualler at 4d. per quart, and under the name of Twopenny.

This little opposition excited the brown beer brewers to produce, if possible, a better sort of commodity than heretofore had been made; they began to hop their mild beers more, and the publican started three, four, sometimes six butts at a time; but so little itlea had the brewer, or his customer, of being at the charge of large stocks of beer, that it gave roon to a set of moneyed people to make a trade by buying these beers from brewers; keeping them some time, and selling them with stale to publicans for 25s. to 26s. per barrel; but as tastes slowly alter, or reform, some drank mild beer and stale, others what was called Three Threads, 3d. per quart; but many used all stale, at 4d. per quart.

On this footing stood the brewing trade until about the year 1722, when the brewers conceived that a mean might be found preferable to any of those extremes; which was, that beer well brewed, from being kept its proper time and become mellow; that is, neither new or stale, would recommend itself to the public. This they ventured to sell at 73s. per barrel, that the victualler might retail it at 3d. per quart. At first this innovation was slow in making its way, but in the end the experiment succeeded beyond expectation; the labouring people, porters, &c. found its utility, and thence came its appellation of Porter, or Entire Butt.

From this time to the commencement of the present reign, it continued at the price of 3d. per quart, Winchester measure; an additional duty of one halfpenny then took place; during the late administration, it was raised to 4d. and is at the present period 5d. per pot, which is as much as the price of five gallons of ale in the reign of Ed

ward I,

The

The duty on malt from July 5, 1785, to the same period in 1786, amounted to the amazing sum of one million and a half of money.

The following is the quantity of Strong Beer brewed in London, by the twelve principal houses, between the 5th July, 1805, and the 5th July, 1806.

THE first foundation of St. Mary's church is uncertain;

but we are informed by Stow, that Sir William Estfield, knight of the Bath, and lord mayor of London, in 1437, was a great benefactor to that fabric.

• Owing to repairs and improvements going on, and which are not yet compleated, this house has brewed but little more than half the

season.

He