British Plant Communities, Volume 2British Plant Communities is the first systematic and comprehensive account of natural vegetation types of Great Britain. It covers all natural, semi-natural and major artificial habitats in Great Britain (excluding Northern Ireland), representing the fruits of fifteen years research by leading plant ecologists. Over 250 plant communities are described in the five volumes, with summaries of their vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens. There are full details in the text of the composition and structure of the vegetation, its relationships to habitat factors and its occurence in characteristic spatial patterns and successions. Numerous maps show the distribution of the communities through Britain and all the vegetation types are related to their closest equivalents in mainland Europe. For each major group of communities an introduction outlines the range of floristic variation and relates it to important environmental influences. A key provides the reader with a means of identifying vegetation types encountered in the field. There are indices to the communities and to their existing synonyms, and to all the plant species encountered in the survey. An extensive bibliography gives full details of the numerous literature references cited. British Plant Communities breaks new ground in wedding traditional Continental phytosociology with the deep concern in Britain to understand how vegetation works. It is intended as a working tool, offering a reliable framework for a wide variety of teaching, research, and management activities in ecology, conservation, and land use planning. |
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Contents
The scope and methods of data collection | 4 |
INTRODUCTION TO MIRES | 17 |
Sedge and Schoenusdominated rich fens | 24 |
M11 Carex demissaSaxifraga aizoides mire | 25 |
KEY TO MIRES | 31 |
Sphagnum auriculatum bog pool community | 46 |
M3 Eriophorum angustifolium bog pool community | 56 |
M6 Carex echinataSphagnum recurvum auriculatum mire | 66 |
M27 Filipendula ulmariaAngelica sylvestris mire | 291 |
M28 Iris pseudacorusFilipendula ulmaria mire | 302 |
M29 Hypericum elodesPotamogeton polygonifolius soakway | 310 |
M31 Anthelia julaceaSphagnum auriculatum spring | 316 |
M33 Pohlia wahlenbergii var glacialis spring | 326 |
M36 Lowland springs and streambanks of shaded situations | 334 |
M38 Cratoneuron commutatumCarex nigra spring | 340 |
INTRODUCTION TO HEATHS | 347 |
M7 Carex curtaSphagnum russowii mire | 78 |
M8 Carex rostrataSphagnum warnstorfii mire | 84 |
M10 Carex dioicaPinguicula vulgaris mire | 97 |
M13 Schoenus nigricansJuncus subnodulosus mire | 128 |
M14 Schoenus nigricansNarthecium ossifragum mire | 140 |
M16 Erica tetralixSphagnum compactum wet heath | 158 |
M17 Scirpus cespitosusEriophorum vaginatum blanket mire | 171 |
M18 Erica tetralixSphagnum papillosum raised and blanket mire | 183 |
M19 Calluna vulgarisEriophorum vaginatum blanket mire | 195 |
M20 Eriophorum vaginatum blanket and raised mire | 212 |
M21 Narthecium ossifragumSphagnum papillosum valley mire | 219 |
M22 Juncus subnodulosusCirsium palustre fenmeadow | 227 |
M23 Juncus effususacutiflorusGalium palustre rushpasture | 244 |
M24 Molinia caeruleaCirsium dissectum fenmeadow | 256 |
M25 Molinia caeruleaPotentilla erecta mire | 270 |
M26 Molinia caeruleaCrepis paludosa mire | 283 |
Lowland dry heaths | 350 |
Hi Calluna vulgarisFestuca ovina heath | 372 |
H3 Ulex minorAgrostis curtisii heath | 391 |
H5 Erica vagansSchoenus nigricans heath | 412 |
H7 Calluna vulgarisScilla verna heath | 434 |
H8 Calluna vulgarisUlex gallii heath | 448 |
H10 Calluna vulgarisErica cinerea heath | 471 |
H11 Calluna vulgarisCarex arenaria heath | 484 |
H13 Calluna vulgarisCladonia arbuscula heath | 504 |
H15 Calluna vulgarisJuniperus communis ssp nana heath | 522 |
H17 Calluna vulgarisArctostaphylos alpinus heath | 538 |
H19 Vaccinium myrtillusCladonia arbuscula heath | 556 |
H21 Calluna vulgarisVaccinium myrtillusSphagnum capillifolium heath | 576 |
593 | |
615 | |
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Common terms and phrases
abundant Agrostis altitudes areas associates auriculatum become Birse blanket Britain bryophytes Calluna Carex carpet character characteristic cinerea Cladonia climate close constant continuity cover distinctive distribution dominant drier element erecta Erica Eriophorum extensive fairly Festuca floristic flushes frequent Galium grasses grassland grazing ground heath herbs higher important included influence Juncus kind largely less locally lower lowland marked McVean & Ratcliffe mire Molinia mosses myrtillus nigra nigrum Number occasional occur oceanic palustre panicea particularly patches pattern peats Pinguicula vulgaris plants pools Potentilla preferential probably prominent range rare Ratcliffe 1962 records recurvum replaced represented samples scattered Scirpus Scotland sedges seen similar situations slopes soils sometimes species Sphagnum spring stands sub-community sub-shrubs surface sward tetralix throughout transitions treatments typically usually Vaccinium variation vascular vegetation types vulgaris waters wet heath wetter zonations zone