sympathy for the honour of his own country; and that if he is wanting here towards that which circumscribes the whole, he neither has nor can have a social regard for the lesser communities which country includes. Contract the circle, and bring him to his family: such a man cannot protect that with dignified love. Reduce his thoughts to his own person: he may defend himself -what he deems his honour; but it is the action of a brave man from the impulse of the brute, or the motive of a coward.—Ibid.

ENGLAND AND HER COLONIES

BY ROBERT SOUTHEY

MANY a tall vessel in her harbours lay,
About to spread its canvas to the breeze,
Bound upon happy errand to convey

The adventurous colonist beyond the seas,
Toward those distant lands where Britain blest
With her redundant life the East and West.

The landscape changes; a region next was seen,
Where sable swans on rivers yet unfound,
Glided through broad savannahs ever green;
Innumerous flocks and herds were feeding round,
And scatter'd farms appear'd and hamlets fair,
And rising towns which made another Britain there.

Then thick as stars which stud the moonless sky,

Green islands in a peaceful sea were seen;

Darken'd no more with blind idolatry,

Nor cursed with hideous usages obscene,

But heal'd of leprous crimes, from butchering strife Deliver'd, and reclaim'd to moral life.

The light those happy islanders enjoy'd,

Good messengers from Britain had convey'd (Where might such bounty, wiselier, be employ'd ? ) One people with their teachers they were made, Their arts, their language, and their faith the same, And blest in all, for all they blest the British name.

Then rose a different land, where loftiest trees
High o'er the grove their fan-like foliage rear ;
Where spicy bowers upon the passing breeze
Diffuse their precious fragrance far and near ;
And yet untaught to bend his massive knee,
Wisest of brutes, the elephant roams free.

Ministrant there to health and public good,
The busy axe was heard on every side,
Opening new channels, that the noxious wood

With wind and sunshine might be purified,
And that wise government, the general friend,
Might everywhere its eye and arm extend.

Again the picture changed; those isles I saw
With every crime thro' three long centuries curst,
While unrelenting Avarice gave the law;

Scene of the injured Indians' sufferings first,
Then doom'd, for Europe's lasting shame, to see
The wider-wasting guilt of slavery.

That foulest blot had been at length effaced;

Slavery was gone, and all the power it gave, Whereby so long our nature was debased,

Baleful alike to master and to slave. O lovely isles! ye were indeed a sight To fill the spirit with intense delight.

The Poet's Pilgrimage to Waterloo. 1816.

ENGLAND AT THE TIME OF THE
NAPOLEONIC WAR

BY GEORGE BORROW

THOSE were stirring times. The dreadful struggle which so long convulsed Europe, and in which England bore so prominent a part, was then at its hottest; we were at war, and determination and enthusiasm shone in every face; man, woman, and child were eager to fight the Frank. Oh! those were days of power, gallant days, bustling days, worth the bravest days of chivalry, at least; tall battalions of native warriors were marching through the land; there was the glitter of the bayonet, and the gleam of the sabre; the shrill squeak of the fife, and loud rattling of the drum were heard in the streets of country towns, and the loyal shouts of the inhabitants greeted the soldiery on their arrival, or cheered them at their departure. And now let us leave the upland and descend to the sea-board; there is a sight for you upon the billows! A dozen men-of-war are gliding majestically out of port, their

long buntings streaming from the top-gallant masts, calling on the Frenchman to come forth from his bights and bays; and what looms upon us yonder from the fog-bank in the east? A gallant frigate towing behind her the long, low hull of a crippled privateer, which but three short days ago had left Dieppe to skim the sea, and whose crew of ferocious hearts are now cursing their imprudence in an English hold. Stirring times those, for they were days of gallantry and enthusiasm.— Lavengro. 1851.

THE IDEAL COLONIAL GOVERNOR

BY THOMAS CARLYLE

CONTRIVE to send out a new kind of Governors to the colonies. This will be the mainspring of the business; without this the business will not go at all. An experienced, wise, and British man, to represent the Imperial interest; he, with such a speaking or silent collective wisdom as he can gather round him in the colony, will evidently be the condition of all good between the mother-country and it. If you can find such a man, your point is gained; if you cannot, lost. By him and his collective wisdom all manner of true relations, mutual interests and duties such as they do exist in fact between mother-country and colony, can be gradually developed into practical methods and results; and all manner of true and noble successes and veracities in the way of governing, be won. Choose well your Governor-not from this or that poor section

of the aristocracy, military, naval, or red-tapist; whereever there are born kings of men, you had better seek them out, and breed them to this work. All sections of the British population will be open to you; and, on the whole, you must succeed in finding a man fit. And having found him, I would farther recommend you to keep him some time! It would be a great improvement to end this present nomadism of Colonial Governors. Give your Governor due power; and let him know withal that he is wedded to his enterprise, and having once well learned it, shall continue with it, who, you mean, shall fairly gird himself to his enterprise, and fail with it, and conquer with it, and, as it were, live and die with it; he will have much to learn; and having once learned it, will stay, and turn his knowledge to account.

From this kind of Governor, were you once in the way of finding him with moderate certainty, from him and his collective wisdom all good whatsoever might be anticipated. Britain and her colonies might find that they had true relations to each other; that the Imperial mother and her constitutionally obedient daughters was a blessed God's-fact destined to fill half the world with its fruits one day.-Latter Day Pamphlets. 1850.