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Prayer for a Child for Queen Mary I.

[Oct.

second wife of Samuel second and last Lord Masham; she died without issue May 21, 1773, aged 61; and is buried in the church-yard of Laver near Ongar in Essex.

New Ross, co. Wexford, Jan. 2, 1677, was twice married, and had one son, who died an infant, and five daughters. This Lewis appears by the Bromham register to have been living there from 1700 to 1708, but it was about the latter year that he sold the old family_tain in the Guards,) married in 1737 estate to Sir Thomas Trevor.

John, the youngest son of Sir Lewis Dyve, was married April 29, 1673, at St. Chad's, Lichfield, to Frances, third daughter of Sir Robert Wolseley, the first Baronet of Wolseley in Staffordshire. He was appointed one of the Clerks of the Privy Council in 1691. (Jones's Index.) He died in 1692, and was buried in St. James's, Westminster, as was his widow Frances, who died in 1702. By that lady he had John his successor, another son named Lewis, and a daughter Charlotte, who was married to Robert Lord Sundon, and died childless Jan. 1, 1741-2. His Lordship (when Mr. Clayton) was one of the executors to the will of the great Duke of Marlborough (see the will in the 6th vol. of Coxe's Marlborough. His wife was the friend and correspondent of Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough, and enjoyed the confidence of Queen Caroline. There are portraits after Kneller of Mr. and Mrs. Clayton, with an inscription in Latin, stating that they were presented in 1728 by Mrs. C. to Dr. Freind, the celebrated physician, who had attended Mr. Clayton in a dangerous illness. There is also a whole-length portrait of Lady Sundon on Lord Ilchester's staircase at Melbury.

The succeeding John Divet married Dorothy, daughter and heiress of Walter Aston, of Millwich in Staffordshire, esq. great-uncle of the sixth, seventh, and eighth Lords Aston of Forfar. This Mr. Dive died at a very advanced age, Jan. 25, 1769, at his house in Queen-square, Westminster. He left issue a son John, and a daughter Charlotte, who, having been a Maid of Honour to the Princess of Wales, became, Feb. 4, 1762, the

The third John Dive (then a Cap

Anne Dorothy Montgomery; by whom he had two sons, who died without issue; and a daughter Charlotte, married in 1759 to John Edmondes, esq. whose daughter Charlotte became the wife of Llewellin Traherne, esq. and the mother of a gentleman now living, to whose contributions this memoir has been considerably indebted. J. G. N.

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A Prayer for the safe Deliverance of Queen Mary, recorded by Fox, and to be found in W. Prynne's " Signal Loyalty," &c. page 67.

"Grant unto our Queen thy servant, a little infant, in fashion and body comely and beautiful, in pregnant wit, notable and excellent. Grant the same to be in obedience like Abraham, in chastity and brotherly love like Joseph, in meekness and mildness like Moses, in strength and valour like Sampson; let him be found faithful as David; after thy heart; let him be wise among kings as the most wise Solomon; let him be like Job, a simple and upright man, fearing God and eschewing evil; let him finally be garnished with the comeliness of all virtuous conditions, and in the same let him wax old and live, that he may see his children's children to the third and fourth generation. And give to our Sovereign Lord and Lady King Philip and Queen Mary thy blessings and long life upon earth; and grant that of them may come Kings and Queens, which may stedfastly continue in faith, love, and holiness. And blessed be their seed of our God; that all nations may know thou art only God in all the earth, which art blessed for ever and ever. Amen."

* See the Account of Loans to the Lords and Commons in 1722, where Lewis Dive and John Dive are called brothers of Mr. Clayton. Index Rerum et Vocabulorum.-Tracts in London Institution, vol. 144, no. 7.

The family latterly always wrote their name with an i; and this gentleman did so, in a power of attorney dated March 7, 1719 (penes H. H. G.) He was then resident in Queen-square, Westminster, where he died fifty years after.

This is "Tommy Townshend's Mr. Dive," as Mr. Daniel Wray calls him in 1745; see Nichols's Literary Illustrations of the Eighteenth Century, vol. 1. p. 58.

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1829.]

[329 ]

REVIEW OF NEW PUBLICATIONS.

Delineations of the North Western Division of the County of Somerset, and of the Antediluvian Bone Caverns, with a Geological Sketch of the District. By John Rutter, Author of " Fonthill and its Abbey described." Shaftesbury, printed by and for the Author. 8vo. pp. 349.

Msubscribers and the public with

R. RUTTER has presented his

an interesting volume judiciously compiled on a portion of the County of Somerset, "equally gratifying to the lovers of the picturesque, to the antiquary, and to the geologist; for, within its bounds are situated the antediluvian Bone Caverns at Banwell, Hutton, and Uphill; Cheddar Cliffs and Brock ley Combe; the monastic remains at Woodspring Priory and Worle; together with numerous antient manor and court houses, and some of the most remarkable parochial churches in the kingdom. All these are within a moderate distance of Bristol, and still nearer to Weston-super-Mare; a very improving watering-place on the British Channel, which attracts numerous visitors."

Many of the churches in this district were built about the time of Henry VII. and the tradition is, that they were erected by that monarch as a reward for the attachment which the County of Somerset had evinced towards the Lancastrian party, during the civil wars. There are scarcely any remains of Norman architecture, a few fonts and doors excepted. The churches are built in the florid Gothic style, with beautiful lofty towers. the interior generally occur stone pulpits, varying in the profusion of their ornaments, and remains of the rood lofts, frequently richly adorned.

In

This curious fact of the paucity of ancient Churches, speaks volumes concerning the early history of this district. Upon the opposite shore, the names of the parishes are chiefly formed from the prefix of Llan, or the cognomena of Welch saints; and the camps and fortresses are far more rare. It is, therefore, plain that the Somersetshire coast was guarded most strongly against the invasion of the Silures, and that it was cultivated and civilized

GENT. MAG. October, 1829.

sooner than the Welch side,-civilized, we say, because it is to be recollected that the primary settlements of these Celtic saints imply waste and forest. The old Histories of Tintern and Dubricius exhibit this circumstance, as well as the still existing forest of Dean, with its metropolis St. Briavel's, olim Breulais. Upon the security of the Somersetshire coast depended that also of the whole west of England, south of the Severn and the Bristol Channel; and certain it is that whatever Mr. Seyer has deduced from Caer-Odor (a camp to protect the ford at Clifton), as the archetype of Bristol, amounts only to this, that it was one of that city's covering forts; for the Celts did not perch their towns upon heights, only placed citadels there to guard them. Cæsar assures us that the Celts placed their towns upon tongues of land, or peninsulas, surrounded on three sides by water or marsh. Was London perched upon Shooter's Hill or Highgate? Yet Gildas mentions it as the ancient seat of commerce viâ Thamesis; and Bristol the same viâ Sabrina; for though he does not expressly denominate them, yet circumstances show that no other sites were or could be denoted. When, therefore, it is said, in p. 274, that Bristol probably sprang from Caer-Odor, the Clifton camp, the very converse, viz. that Caer-Odor sprang from Bristol, is most accordant with archæology and history. In our notice of Mr. Seyer's Bristol (vol. xcvi. ii. 519) we have shown this by full details.

The British camps at Worlebury, Cadbury, Dolebury, &c. all show the military character of this coast, before the Roman æra. Worlebury camp (noticed in our vol. LXXV. p. 1097,) of which a plan is given by Mr. Rutter, p. 53, is the most remarkable of these. The site is a narrow tongue of hill, guarded on the slope by triple ramparts, and a scarped side. The land approach is protected by a small double square with three valla, beyond which is a slight irregular work, the trenches of which run down to the water's edge. It was therefore intended for the purpose of communication with the sea, under protection of the fortress. Ban

330

REVIEW.-Rutter's Delineations of Somersetshire.

well camp (see p. 144) is another Bri-
tish fortification, but accompanied with
the curious adjunct of a small square
earthwork, within which is a raised
ridge in the form of a cross.
We no-
ticed this curious fact some time ago;
but since that time, Mr. Godfrey Hig-
gins has published his valuable "Celtic
Druids." In that work (pl. 28) will
be seen the plan of a temple at Clas-
sernis, which is a stone circle in the
very centre of a cross; and in the same
work, p. 117, is given the reverse of a
Phenician coin, brought from Citium
by Dr. Clarke, where a stone circle is
represented with a cross beneath it;
and when we learn from the same au-
thor (p. 315), that an order of priests
under the name of Druids was com-
mon both to the British isles and Phe-
nicia, illustration by analogies is fully
vindicated.

Another important point of ancient
history connected with this district is
the number of mines, some or most of
which have been somewhat unphiloso-
phically denominated antediluvian ca-
verns, and very romantically depicted.
Indeed this is the fairy land of geolo-
gists; and their caverns, whilom inha-
bited by hyenas, remind us of the sub-
terranean abodes of the genii in the
Arabian Nights, and Cornelius Agri-
cola's dæmons of ancient mines. We
fully admit that the discovery of croco-
diles or other amphibious animals im-
bedded in limestone, are decisive testi-
monies, together with numerous fossil
fish, of the great cataclysm; but this
phænomenon is admitted to imply
another, of which no doubt is enter-
tained, viz. that the surface of our
present earth was the bottom of the
antediluvian sea. Of course all the
terrestrial animals whose remains are
found, must have lived subsequently to
the deluge; and we are sure that the
appearances which accompany the dis-
coveries are not consistent with the
natural habits of the animals. The
carnivorous and herbivorous tribes all
appear in the loving amity of the Uni-
ted Service Club, and exemplify the
prophecy in Isaiah, of the lion and the
ox lying down together. But in the
lower cavern at Uphill was unfortunate
ly found a coin of the Emperor Julian,
and fragments of pottery! In another
at Banwell (see p. 148), two pieces of
candle! In fact, the caverns are only
old mines of ochre, &c. whither these
animals resorted upon some pressure

[Oct. den inundation, far inferior to the deof circumstances, very possibly of sudluge, and more recent. ing circumstances will vindicate our The followopinions. In the year 1606, this very traordinary flood, owing to the sudden coast was overwhelmed by a most exrise of the spring tides, through an united action of the moon and the wind in an unusual manner. count of this flood by a contemporary An acis given in detail in Fosbroke's Berke ley, p. 26, and among the circumstances narrated are these; viz. that escape the rushing mountains of water, the birds could not fly fast enough to -there floated upon the waters the carcases of cattle, foxes, bares, rabbits, &c. some on one another's backs; and gether in one group, beasts, vermin, upon an eminence were assembled toand creatures of an opposite nature, as dogs and foxes, hares and hounds, cats and rats, and mice, which never offered to annoy each other. If such were the results of an inundation so recent. inundations might have repeatedly as that of 1606, such results and such happened since the great deluge, and at times when there were hyænas, eleall events, if the surface of the present phants, and tigers, in this island. At earth be the bottom of the antediluvian sea, the animals mentioned could not be pre-existent to that surface, and therefore not be antediluvian; if such surface be not the bottom of the said sea, how are we to explain the testain our highest mountains? Besides, ceous fossils, limestone, &c. &c. found there is another very important circumstance left out of consideration, viz. that submerged bodies sink only so far as specific gravity will allow, and no farther. Many laden ships which founder at sea, do not sink to the bottom. (See Mac Taggart's Canada, i. 14.) We cannot therefore expect fossillized land animals in the bottom of a sea. The gnawed bones, therefore, of the Kirkdale, Uphill, and Torquay caves, do not prove to us that they fore the deluge." were "dens occupied by hyænas beThe various animals through inundation, might and prodriven to one and the same retreat bably were urged by famine to feed phical to attribute to miraculous causes upon each other; and it is unphilosowhat is explicable by natural events.

Δαιμοναν, ἔφην ὁ Σωκρατης, τις μαν τευομενως & τοις ἀνθρωποις ἔδωκαν οἱ θεοι

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