PART Handafyde, on receiving a confirmation of their VII. having abandoned Edinburgh, immediately fet

4

out with his troops, and repoffeffed the city. 1745. Marshal Wade was fenfible of the activity of the government, in affembling another army in the fouth of England; he, therefore, never studied to interrupt the approach of the rebels, nor to intercept them in their march; immagining they would proceed immediately into Lancashire, where they muft hazard a battle with the other forces returned from Flanders; or, if they retreated, would be followed by him, and then be inclofed between two fires: but when the marfhal understood that the rebels were forming the fiege of Carlisle, he fummoned a council of war, on the 15th of November; wherein it was determined to march the next morning, by Hexham, to the relief of Carlifle, and to give battle to the rebels: the army, accordingly, fet out, and arrived at Hexham, fixteen miles weft of Newcastle, on the 17th at midnight, after a laborious march, in which the Major-Generals Oglethorpe and Howard, and the Brigadiers Cholmondeley and Mordaunt, marched on foot at the head of the infantry, to encourage the foldiers; but the marthal receiving advice as well of the surrender of Carlile, as of the preparations for the march of the rebels into Lancashire; and finding the roads, through the great quantity of fnow that had fallen, in a manner impaffable, it was refolved, in a council of war, to march the army back immediately to Newcaftle; where the forces returned, on the 22d, and found the good quarters neceffary to refresh them after their paft, and to invigorate them for their future, fatigues.

THE invafion of the rebels having thrown all the northern and western parts of the kingdom

into great confufion, directions were given by the CHAP. government for forming another army in Staf- III. fordshire, under the command of Sir John Legonier, to confift of eight veteran regiments, re- 1745. turned from Flanders, and feven of the new-raifed regiments, who were ordered to affemble in the neighbourhood of Litchfield; though the command was afterwards transferred to the Duke of Cumberland. The city of Chester was put into a condition of defence, by the diligence of the Earl of Cholmondeley; and all neceffary precautions were taken for the fecurity of Liverpool.

THE rebels had no intention of continuing at Carlisle; but to march forwards with all poffible expedition, in hopes of arriving at London, while a general panic was scattered over the nation: they left a garrison, of 200 men, in the castle of Carlisle, under the command of Colonel Hamilton, who was appointed deputy governor under the Duke of Perth; and, on the 21st of November, began their march fouthwards. After entering Penrith, they advanced to Lancaster and Burton, on the 24th; from whence they proceeded to Prefton, on the 27th; and, the day following, took poffeffion of Manchester, where their whole army took up their quarters on the 29th; having marched feventy miles in eight days, in an exceffive cold season, and the roads covered with froft and fnow. During this expeditious march, they took care to proclaim the pretender, and collect the public money, in all the confiderable places wherever they paffed; as alfo to increase the terror of fome of the inhabitants, and to raise the affection of others, by reprefenting their numbers as much more formidable then they really were: at Manchester they

were

PART were joined by Mr Townley, Counsellor MorVII. gan, and Mr Cappoch, a clergyman, whom the

young pretender rewarded with the title of Bifh1745. op of Carlifle; feveral others, in creditable circumftances, joined them at Manchefter, where. they beat up for volunteers, and enlifted about 100 men, of which they formed a body called the Manchester regiment, and appointed Mr Townley colonel. The rebels now found all their hopes of an infurrection in England were vain, and fictitious; there was no appearance of a French invasion; every wish was disappointed; the chiefs were at variance; danger was at hand; and what should they do? to march into Wales would be too dangerous a step, in fo mountainous a country; befides, all the bridges had been broke down on that fide, and the roads rendered almost impaffable: if they retreated back into Scotland, Marshal Wade lay ready to intercept them; and, if they continued to advance forwards to London, they had only the hopes of escaping by the Duke of Cumberland, and approaching the metropolis, where they expected a numerous reinforcement of difaffected perfons. Their fituation was every way dangerous; but the thoughts of escaping the Duke of Cumberland brought them to a refolution of advancing fouthwards: this was done fo fuddenly that they continued only one day at Manchefter; for they set out, on the 30th of November, for Derby, in two divifions; which, on the ift of December, united at Macclesfield: the next day they refumed their march, in two columes; one of which entered Congleton, and the other paffed near Gawfworth on the 3d, the one divifion proceeded to Leake in Staffordshire, and the other to Ashbourn in Derbyfhire; from whence, on the 4th,

they

they continued their respective routs, and united CHAP. at Derby, ninety-eight miles N. W. of London, III. and 108 fouth of Carlifle; which was the fartheft progrefs of their defperate expedition; and where 1745. it may not be improper to leave them, to fee what measures the government was taking to oppose them, what the French were attempting in their favour, and what their affociates in Scotland were tranfacting in the abfence of their pretended prince.

СНАР

PART
VII.

CHAPTER IV.

The loyalty of the inhabitants of ENGLAND, and IRELAND. The FRENCH invafion fruftrated, by the prudence of Admiral VERNON. The difpofitions of the REBELS under Lord JOHN DRUMMOND, and of the loyal CLANS under the Earl of LOUDON, in SCOTLAND. The retreat of the REBELS from DERBY; the action of CLIFTON; and the furrender of CARLISLE, to the Duke of CUMBERLAND. The REBELS re-enter SCOTLAND; take the town of STIRLING, and befiege the castle. The battle of FALKIRK.

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EVER was there any inftance of the Scotch infurgents penetrating fo far into the bowels of England: they were now within 1745. 100 miles of the metropolis; the whole kingdom was in a confternation; a general terror was

fpread