fatherless, a rule to monks, a directory to men of the world; being made all things to all men, that he might win all to God.-Rees's South Wales.

2.-ST. CHAD.

Saint Ceadda, or Chad, was educated at Lindisfarne, under St. Aidan. He was bishop of York from which he retired to the monastry of Lestingay. He was, however, called from his privacy to fill the see of Lichfield, where he died during a great pestilence in the year 673.

7.-ST. PERPEtua.

A noble lady of Carthage, who suffered martyr-dom in 203, under the persecution of the Emperor Severus.

12.-ST. GREGORY.

Gregory the First, bishop of Rome, commonly called the Great, was consecrated in 590, and died in 604. He was a man of great learning and piety. Venerable Bede says, "he was particularly concerned that the inhabitants of Britain should be converted to Christianity, and offered the then Bishop of Rome to visit England for that purpose; but his offer was not accepted. Being soon after raised to the see of Rome, he sent several able men on this important work." He left more works behind him than any other pope at any other period. His Pastorals, or treatise on the duties of a pastor, is held in such estimation by the Gallican church, that all the bishops, are obliged, by the canons of that church, to be thoroughly acquainted with it, and to punctually observe the rules contained in it.

It is to Pope Gregory that we owe the invention used to this day, of expressing musical sounds by the first seven letters of the alphabet. He also collected the musical fragments of such ancient hymns and psalms as the first fathers' of the church had

approved, and recommended to the primitive Christians; these he methodised and arranged in the order they were afterwards adopted by the chief part of the western church.

15.-1829.-WILLIAM CASTIEAU DIED, ÆTAT. 75.

Mr. Castieau died at Shrewsbury, where he was many years a teacher of Classics and Mathematics. He was author of the principal portion of an useful work, entitled, Proctor and Castieau's Cyclopædia, and of many articles in Chemistry and Astronomy in other Encyclopædias and periodical works of science.

17.-ST. PATRICK,

The tutelar Saint of Ireland; asserted by some to have been born in Cornwall, towards the end of the fourth century; by others to have been a native of Wales, and by others of Scotland. He was most probably born at Killpatrick near Glasgow. Whilst at a College in Wales, he was taken by some pirates of Ireland, the inhabitants of which country he afterwards converted to Christianity. He was archbishop of Armagh, and founded many churches and schools of learning. He died about 460, aged 83.

Mr. Croker has published the following amusing and curious traditionary legend, which is current among the peasantry of Killarney.

"Suré every body has heard tell of the blessed Saint Patrick, and how he drove the sarpints and all manner of venomous things out of Ireland. How he' bothered all the varmint' entirely. But, for all that, there was one ould sarpint left, who was too cunning to be talked out of the country, and made to drown himself. St. Patrick didn't well know how to manage this fellow, who was doing great havoc; till, at long last, he bethought himself, and got a strong iron chest made, with nine boults upon it.

"So one fine morning he takes a walk to where the sarpint used to keep; and the sarpint, who didn't like the saint in the least, and small blame to him for that, began to hiss and show his teeth at him like any thing. 'Oh,' says Saint Patrick, says he, where's the use of making such a

piece of work about a gentleman like myself coming to see you. "Tis a nice house I have got for you, agin the winter; for I'm going to civilize the whole country, man and beast,' says he, and you can come and look at it whenever you please, and 'tis myself will be glad to see you.'

"The sarpint hearing such smooth words, thought that, though St. Patrick had druve all the rest of the sarpints into the sea, he meant no harm to himself; so the sarpint walks fair and easy up to see him and the house he was speaking about. But when the sarpint saw the nine great boults upon the chest, he thought he was sould (betrayed,) and was for making off with himself as fast as ever he could. """Tis a nice warm house you see,' says Saint Patrick, ' and 'tis a good friend I am to you.'

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"I thank you kindly, St. Patrick, for your civility,' says the sarpint, but I think it's too small it is for me,' meaning it for an excuse, and away he was going.

"Too small!' says St. Patrick, stop, if you please,' says he; 'you're out in that, my boy, any how-I am sure 'twill fit you completely; and, I'll tell you what,' says he, 'I'll bet you a gallon of porter,' says he, that if you'll only try and get in, there'll be plenty of room for you.'

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"The sarpint was as thirsty as could be with his walk, and 'twas great joy to him, the thoughts of doing St. Patrick out of a gallon of porter; so, swelling himself up as big as he could, in he got to the chest, all but a little bit of his tail. There, now,' says he 'I've won the gallon, for you see the house is too small for me, for I can't get in my tail!' When what does Saint Patrick do, but he comes behind the great heavy lid of the chest, and, putting his two hands to it, down he slaps it, with a bang like thunder. When the rogue of a sarpint saw the lid coming down, in went his tail, like a shot, for fear of being whipped off him, and Saint Patrick began at once to boult the nine iron boults.

"Oh, murder! won't you let me out, Saint Patrick?" says the sarpint; I've lost the bet fairly; and I'll pay you the gallon like a man!

"Let you out, my darling,' says Saint Patrick, to be sure I will-by all manner of means-but, you see, I haven't time now, so you must wait till to-morrow.' And so he took the iron chest, with the sarpint in it, and pitches it into the lake here, where it is to this hour for certain; and 'tis the sarpint struggling down at the bottom that makes the waves upon it. Many is the living man,' continued Picket, besides myself, has hard the sarpint crying out, from within the chest under the water, 'Is it to-morrow yet?' 'Is it to-morrow yet?' which, to be sure, it never can be: and that's the way St. Patrick settled the last of the sarpints, Sir,"

On the 5th of February 1783, King George III. instituted the order of St. Patrick, of which the King and his heirs and successors are perpetually sovereigns. The knights companion's of the order are selected from the principal nobility of Ireland.

18. EDWARD THE MARTYR.

Edward, King of the West Saxons, was son of Edgar, who first united the heptarchy into one kingdom. Edward succeeded to the throne at the age of twelve, in the year 975, and was basely murdered on this day, in 979. He was much attached to the monks, who after his death, esteemed the event a martyrdom; and in 1245, Pope Innocent IV. first appointed this day a festival.

The history of King Edward's death is thus recorded by Šimon Dunclemansis: "The young prince Edward was in all princely perfections a close imitator of his father, King Edgar, and for his modest gentleness worthily favored of all men. But as envy is always the attendant of merit and virtue, so had he those who maligned his life, namely the favourites of the Prince Etheldred, whereof Queen Elfrida, the mother of Etheldred was chief, who lastly betrayed him in this manner following:

"King Edward for his disport was hunting in a forest near unto the sea, upon the south-east shore of the county of Dorset, and in the island of Purbeck; not far off, upon a small river, stood pleasantly situated, a fair and strong castle, called Corfe, where his mother-in-law Elfrida, with his brother Etheldred where then therein residing. Edward, who ever had been loving to both, held it a kind office, now being so near, to visit them with his presence, and thereupon, either for purpose or chance, singled from his attendants, he secretly stole from them all, and came alone to the castle gate.

"The Queen Elfrida, who had long lain in wait for occasion, now took this as brought to her hand; and therefore, with a face as meaning no guile, she humbly and cheerfully gave the King welcome, desiring him, to grace her and her son with his presence for that night; but he with thanks refused that offer, as fearing least his company should soon find him missing, and craved only of his mother a cup of wine, that in his saddle he might drink to her and to his brother, and begone.

66 The cup was no sooner at his mouth than a knife was in his back, which a servant appointed by this treacherous Queen, struck into him, who feeling himself thus hurt, set spurs to his horse, thinking to escape to his more faithful company.

"But the wound being mortal, and he fainting through much loss of blood, fell from his horse, and one foot entangling in the stirrup, he was thereby most ruefully dragged up and down through woods and lands, and lastly left dead at Corfe gate.

"His body being found, was first buried at Wareham, without funeral pomp, but after three years, by Duke Alferno, removed, and with great celebrity interred in the minster of Shaftsbury, and for his untimely death, he gained the surname of the martyr.

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Queen Elfrida, sore repenting her cruel and step-motherly act, to expiate her guilt, and pacify the crying blood of her slain son, built the two monasteries of Amesbury and Worwell, in the counties of Wiltshire and Southampton, in which latter she lived with great repentance and penance, until the day of her death; and in the same lieth her body interred."

19.-1829.-EDMUND TURNOR DIED, ÆTAT. 74.

Mr. Turnor was descended from an ancient and highly respectable family, being distantly related to the Earls of Wintertown and Salisbury. He early