The College Buttery, which is divided by a Paffage from the Hall, is a very pretty Room, of an oval Form, with an arch'd Stone Roof of very curious Work. The Common Room is a very good One, being a Cube of 26 Feet, and lighted by a large Venetian Window. The Warden's Lodgings, which front the HighStreet, and are contiguous to the reft of the College, is a handfome Houfe, late the Dwelling of George Clarke, LL. D. a great Benefactor. The Private Apartments of the College are generally very neat and convenient. The Room in the Old Qua drangle, which was formerly the Library, (before the New one above-defcribed was finished) is lately fitted up, by one of the Fellows, in a very elegant Manner, in the Gothic Tafte; and is defervedly efteemed one of the Curiofities of the Houfe. The Founder of this College, Dr. Henry Chicheley, was born at Higham Ferrers in Northamptonshire; and having had his School Learning in that Town, was, in in the Year 1387, made by William of Wykeham, one of his firft Sett of Fellows at New College in Oxford, where he took the Degree of Doctor of Civil Law. He was made Archdeacon of Sarum, and afterwards Chancellor of the fame Church; and becoming known to Henry IV. was fent on feveral Embaffies by that Monarch, and advanced firft to the Bishopric of St. David's, in which having continued five Years, he was tranflated on July 29, 1414, to the See of Canterbury, of which he remained Archbishop twenty-nine Years. He laid the Foundation of All Souls College in 1437; the Charter of Incorporation is dated May 20, 16 Henry VI. in which it is called Collegium Animarum omnium Fidelium defunctorum de Oxon. that is, The College of the Souls of all Faithful People departed of Oxford. By the Statutes he gave this College, he appointed forty Fellows, whereof twenty-four were directed to study ftudy Divinity and Philofophy, and the other fixteen the Civil and Canon Law. He procured from King Henry VI. a Grant of the Lands and Revenues of fe veral diffolved Priories to endow his College, and in his Life-time erected the Chapel, and all the reft of the Buildings (except fome very modern ones) which coft him 4545. and at his Death gave to the Society the Sums of 1341. 6s. 8 d. and 100 Marks. The most confiderable Benefactors, next to the Founder, have been Colonel Chriftopher Codrington, Governor of the Leeward Islands, and Fellow of All-Souls, already-mentioned; George Clarke, LL. D. the late Duke of Wharton; Doddington Greville, Efq; Lieutenant General Stewart, and Sir Nathaniel Lloyd, who, at the Time that he was Fellow of this College, was Head of of a College in Cambridge. The Colonel bequeathed 6000 /. for building the noble Library already defcribed, his own valuable Study of Books, and 4000l. more to purchase new ones; and Dr. Clarke gave his beauful Houfe, &c. for the Ufe of the Warden fucceffively of the College. He alfo much augmented the Chaplainfhips. In this College are a Warden, forty Fellows, two Chaplains, and fix Clerks. A very peculiar Cuftom is the celebrating the Mallard Night, every Year, on the 14th of January, in Remembrance of an exceffive large Mallard or Drake, fuppofed to have long rang'd in a Drain or Sewer, where it was found at the Digging for the Foundation of the College. A very authentic Account of this Event hath lately been retrieved, and published to the learned World, from a Manufcript of Thomas Walfingham the Hiftorian, and Monk of St. Alban's. It is the Caufe of much Mirth, for on the Day, and in Remembrance of the Mallard, is always fung a merry Old Song fet to ancient Music. Vifitor. The Archbishop of Canterbury. BRASE 殺殺殺殺 BRASE-NOSE F COLLEGE ORMS the Weft Side of the Radcliffe Square. Was founded in the Year 1507, by the joint Benefaction of William Smith, Bishop of Lincoln, and Sir Richard Sutton, Knight. Over the Gate are the Arms of the latter. The most probable Account of the uncommon Name of this College feems to be this: The Founders purchafed from Univerfity College, for the Scite of their intended Building, two ancient Seats of Learning, Brafe-Nofe and Little Univerfity Halls; or, as the last was more commonly call'd, Black Hall. Both these are supposed to have received their respective Names from fome Students, who removed thither from two fuch Seminaries in the temporary Univerfity of Stamford. And Anthony Wood fays the Stamford Seminary was call'd Brazen-Nofe from an Iron Ring fix'd in a Nofe of Brafs ferving as a Knocker to the Gate; which is ̊ faid to be remaining there at this Time. But another Antiquary, Dr. White Kennet, fays, that it was originally a Copper-Nofe, or a red CarbuncledNofe, which was commonly expofed as a Sign to fome Hofpitia, or Houfes of Entertainment; and from thence probably, the Hotel, or Hall at Oxford, as well as the other at Stamford, had it's denomination. The Founders, with a View to both thefe ancient Seats of Learning, ordered their New Seminary to be called, The King's Hall and College of Brafen-Nose. Agreeable to its Antiquity as Univerfity Hall, there are ftill over the Door of the Refectory two very ancient Bufts: The one of the glorious Alfred the first Founder, the other of John Erigena, a Scotfman, who firft read Lectures there in the Year 882. The Refectory itself is neat and convenient, adorn ed ed with the Pictures of the principal Benefactors, and very good Paintings on Glafs of the two Founders. It ftands on the South Side of the firft Quadrangle. In the Center of which is a Statue of Cain and Abel. Through a Paffage on the Left-hand of the Gate of the first Quadrangle we enter the fecond. This is a more modern Structure, and is fuppofed to have fallen from the Hands of that great Architect Sir Chriftopher Wren. A Cloifter with a Library over it forms the East Side, the Chapel the South. The Area is difpofed in the Form of a Garden planted with flowering Shrubs. The Library is rather calculated for real Ufe, than ornamental Shew. The Chapel has a Neatnefs and Simplicity becoming the Houfe of God. If these may be confidered as the Parents of Beauty, this Edifice has very, ftrong Pretenfions to it. The Roof and AltarPiece, and Eaft Window, are each refpectively fine.. The Ante-Chapel has an elegant Monument to the Memory of the late Principal Dr. Shippen, who during his prefiding over the College had the utmoft Regard to its Intereft. His Buft gives the strongest Features of his Face.. The Foundation of this College is for a Principal, twenty Fellows, thirty-two Scholars, and four Exhibitioners. The Number of Names in the Book at prefent are about ninety. Visitor. The Bishop of Lincoln. HERTFORD COLLEGE ******* S fituated oppofite to the Gate of the Public which fifty Years ago was begun to be rebuilt. The Col. lege |