The fecond Court is elegant, planned by Sir Chriftober Wren, and was one of the first Pieces of modern Architecture that appeared in the Univerfity. It confifts of three Sides, the North and Weft of which are intended to be raised and finished in the manner with that on the South. The Opening to the Gardens, on the Eaft, has an agreeable Effect,

The Gardens are extenfive, and laid out in two Divifions. The first, or larger Divifion, is chiefly thrown into open Grafs-plots. The North Wall is covered with a beautiful Yew Hedge. The center Walk is terminated by a well-wrought Iron Gate, with the Founder's Arms at the Top, fupported by two Piers. The Southern Diviñon is a pleafing Solitude, confifting of fhady Walks; with a Wilderness of flowering Shrubs, and disposed into ferpentine Paths.

This College was founded March 8, 1554, by Sir Thomas Pope, Knight, of Tittenbanger, in Hertfordshire, Privy Councellor to Queen Mary, and a fingular Friend of Sir Thomas More, for the Maintenance and Education of a Prefident, twelve Fellows, and twelve Scholars. The Founder directs, that the Scholars, who fucceed to the Fellowships, fhall be chofen from his Manors: But if no Candidates appear under fuch Qualifications on the Day of Election, that they shall be fapplied from any County in England. He also appoints that no more than two Natives of the fame County fhall be Fellows of his College at the fame Time, Oxfordshire excepted, from which County five are permitted.

The principal, and almoft only Benefactor, is Dr. Ralph Bathurst, formerly Prefident; who expended 1900/. in rebuilding the Chapel.

This College confifts of a Prefident, 12 Fellows, and 12 Scholars. Thefe, with the other Members, Gentlemen Commoners, Commoners, &c. amount to near 70.

Vifitor. The Bishop of Winchester.

BALLIOL

BALL

BALLIOL COLLEGE.

ALLIOL College is fituated a little to the Weftward of Trinity, and confifts chiefly of one Court, which we enter by a handfome Gate with a Tower over it. The Buildings about this Court are ancient, except the Eaft End, which is finished in the Manner in which the reft of that Quadrangle is intended to be built.

The Chapel ftands at the North-eaft Angle of the great Court. The great Eaft Window, which is well executed, reprefents the Paffion, Refurrection, and Af cenfion of Chrift. The Hall is at the West End of the fame Court. The Mafter's Lodgings is a convenient Apartment, and has fome good Rooms in it, par ticularly a fpacious Hall, having a well preferved ancient Window to the Eaft. Their Library is well furnished with a very large Collection of useful Books, and many ancient Manuscripts.

Over the Gate of the College are the Arms of the Balliol Family.

And on the Outfide, over against the Master's Lodg ings, was a Stone placed Edge-ways, in Memory of those learned and pious Prelates, Archbishop Cranmer, Bifhop Ridley, and Bishop Latimer, who were burnt at that Place for their Adherence to the Reformation.

Befides this Court, there is an Area to the Northweft, confifting of feveral detached Lodgings for the Students; and an elegant new Building, rather refem. bling a modern Dwelling-house, with a beautiful Front to the Street, erected at the Expense of Mr. Fisher, in which are several handsome Apartments. This Infcrip. tion is on the North Side, by Defire of the Founder: VERBUM NON AMPLIUS FISHER.

Sir

Sir John Balliol, of Bernard Caftle in Yorkshire, Father of John Balliol, King of Scotland, first defigned the Foundation of this College for the Education of Scholars, to whom he gave yearly Exhibitions till he could provide them an Houfe; but dying before he purchased one, he recommended the Defign to his Widow Devorguilla, Daughter of Alexander III. King of Scotland, who first fettled thefe Exhibitions; and in 1263 purchased a Tenement for her Scholars of Balliol, and conveyed it to the Mafter and Scholars of this House for ever for their Habitation, having obtained a Royal Charter for that Purpose. She afterwards added feveral new Buildings to it, and fettled Lands for the Maintenance of the Scholars, dedicating her Foundation to the Honour of the Holy Trinity, the Blessed Virgin, and St. Katherine the Martyr: which Benefactions were afterwards ratified by her Son John Balliol, King of Scotland, and Oliver Bishop of Lincoln, in whofe Diocese Oxford then was. The Value of the Lands and Revenues, belonging to this College, did not exceed 271.95. 4 d. per Ann. at that Time; but their Eftates were foon after greatly enlarged by the Benefactions of others, particularly Sir Philip Somerville, a Gentleman in Staffordshire, granted to this College the Impropriation of the Parish of Mickle-Benton in the County of Northumberland; Sir William Felton, another Benefactor; and Dr. John Warner, Bishop of Rochefter, founded four Scotif Exhibitions, endowing them with an ample Re

venue.

John Snell, Efq; gave the Manor of Uffton in Warawickshire for the Ufe of Scots Exhibitioners,

The Members of this Society are at prefent a Master, twelve Fellows, fourteen Scholars, and eighteen Exhibitioners: the whole Number of Students amounting to about 50.

The Mafter and Fellows elect their Vifitor, who at prefent is the Archbishop of Canterbury.

ST.

ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE

S fituated North of Balliol and Trinity Col

-Ileges, having a Terras, with a Row of lofty

Elms before it.

The Buildings of this College chiefly confift of two large Quadrangles. We enter the firft by a handfome old Gateway with a Tower over it. It is formed by the Hall and Chapel on the North, the Prefident's Lodgings on the Eaft, and the Chambers of the Fellows, Scholars, and other Students, on the South and Weft Sides. The Hall is elegant, being well proportioned, and handfomely wainscotted, with a beautiful arch'd Roof, a Screen of Portland Stone, and a grand variegated Marble Chimney-piece, containing a Picture of St. John the Baptift, by Titian. It is likewife adorned with many other Pictures; viz. at the upper End, by a whole-length Portrait of the Founder; on his Right-hand Archbishop Laud, and on his Left Archbishop Juxon. On the North and South Sides of the Room are thofe of Bishop Mew, Bishop Buckridge, Sir William Paddy, and other eminent Men who have been Members of, and Benefactors to, this Society.

North of the Hall is the Common Room, handsomely wainscotted, with a Chimney-piece of Dove-coloured Marble, and a Cieling curiously adorned with Compartments and Shell-work in Stucco, by Mr. Reberts.

The Chapel, which is adjoining to the Hall, is in all Respects neat and commodious. It is divided from the Ante-Chapel by a new elegant Screen, over which has lately been erected a very complete new Organ built by Mr. Byfield. It has now an Elegance which refults from feveral high finished yet fimple Ornaments.

In

In particular the Stand on which the Bible is placed is adorned with Masterly Carving. The Altar is of the Corinthian Order, and very properly adapted. Over the Communion Table is a fine Piece of Tapestry, reprefenting our Saviour with the two Difciples at Emmaus, copied from a Painting of Titian. The Dog fnarling at the Cat under the Table, cannot be overlook'd. Nor will the curious Observer be at much Lofs, by the ftriking Likeneffes in the four Figures, in difcovering they are the then Pope, Kings of France and Spain, and Titian, in the Characters of our Saviour, his Difciples, and Servant. On the North Side of the Choir, in a Marble Urn, is the Heart of Dr. Richard Rawlinfon. In this Chapel is performed Cathedral Service twice a Day, at Eleven and Five.

Through a Paffage on the East Side of the firft Quadrangle we enter the fecond; on the Eaft and Weft Sides whereof are handfome Piazzas in the Grecian -Tafte, each Column confifting of one fingle bluifh Stone, dug from a Part of the College Eftate near Fifield in Berkfbire. In the Center of each Piazza is a magnificent Gateway, confifting principally of two Orders, 1. The Doric, which forms the Gateway itself, agreeable to that of the Piazzas. 2. The Ionic, which fupports a femicircular Pediment. Between four of thefe Columns, viz, two on each Side, in a Niche, is a Brafs Statue; that on the Eaft of King Charles Į. and that on the Weft of his Queen, caft by Fanelli of Florence. That neither of the Greek Orders might be wanting, the 3d, viz. the Corinthian, is very artfully introduced in the Conftruction of the Niche. The whole is richly embellished, and is the Defign of that celebrated Archite&t Inigo Jones.

The Library includes the upper Story of the South and Eaft Sides. The South Side is well stored with printed Books in all Faculties, regularly difpofed. The fecond with a most valuable Collection of Manufcripts;

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