When Affirmative Action Was White: An Untold History of Racial Inequality in Twentieth-Century AmericaA groundbreaking work that exposes the twisted origins of affirmative action. In this "penetrating new analysis" (New York Times Book Review) Ira Katznelson fundamentally recasts our understanding of twentieth-century American history and demonstrates that all the key programs passed during the New Deal and Fair Deal era of the 1930s and 1940s were created in a deeply discriminatory manner. Through mechanisms designed by Southern Democrats that specifically excluded maids and farm workers, the gap between blacks and whites actually widened despite postwar prosperity. In the words of noted historian Eric Foner, "Katznelson's incisive book should change the terms of debate about affirmative action, and about the last seventy years of American history." |
Contents
Doctor of Laws | 1 |
Welfare in Black and White | 33 |
Rules for Work | 55 |
Divisions in War | 80 |
White Veterans Only | 113 |
To Fulfill These Rights | 174 |
Notes | 182 |
Acknowledgments | 225 |
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When Affirmative Action Was White: An Untold History of Racial Inequality in ... Ira Katznelson No preview available - 2023 |
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1st sess Action Was White administration affirmative action Aflirmative African Americans agricultural armed forces Army benefits Bill black Americans black soldiers black veterans Board Chicago Cited civil rights color color—blind Committee Congress Congressional country’s Deal coalition Democratic Party despite discrimination economic employers employment equal exclusion families federal government GI Bill higher education House Howard Howard University Ibid industries institutions Jim Crow Johnson Justice labor market legislation Lyndon Johnson majority middle class military Mississippi NAACP National Labor Relations Negro soldiers Negro Troops Negro veterans offered officers opportunity organized percent Pittsburgh Courier political postwar Powell’s President public policy race racial racial segregation racism region relief Report Republicans Robert Lieberman Roosevelt schools Second World Second World War segregation Senate Social Security South southern members Taft—Hartley tion tive unions United University Press vote wages Washington welfare white Americans white and black workers York