DIRECTORY, AND GAZETTEER,

OF THE

COUNTY

Palatine of Lancaster ;

WITH A VARIETY OF

COMMERCIAL & STATISTICAL INFORMATION.

IN TWO VOLUMES.

ILLUSTRATED BY MAPS AND PLANS.

BY EDWARD BAINES.

THE DIRECTORY DEPARTMENT BY W. PARSON.

VOL. I.

Liverpool:

PUBLISHED BY WM. WALES & CO. ADVERTISER-OFFICE,
68, CASTLE-STREET;

SOLD ALSO BY

LONGMAN, HURST, & CO. PATERNOSTER-ROW, LONDON,

AND ALL OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

VA

670

£2

B2

CONTENTS OF VOLUME I. v.l

GENERAL HISTORY OF THE COUNTY OF LANCASTER.

CHAPTER I.

Lancashire under the Ancient Britons-the Romans-the Saxons Introduction

of Christianity into this County-Alfred the Great-Early Trade and

Commerce-Norman Conquest-Domesday Survey of Lancashire-Earls

and Dukes of Lancaster-County made Palatine-Ecclesiastical Jurisdic-

tion, Ancient and Modern-Discoveries-Magnet, Coal-Standard of

Value for 600 Years Wars between the Houses of York and Lancaster-

Union of the Roses-Duchy of Lancaster-Discoveries of the Fifteenth

Century

CHAPTER II,

PAGE,

.1-38

Battle of Flodden Field-the Reformation-its effects in Lancashire Suppres-

sion of the Religious Houses-Lancashire Monasteries-Pilgrimage of

Grace-Institution of the Bishopric of Chester, including Lancashire-

Privilege of Sanctuary-Martyrs of the County-Levies-Lancashire

Witches-Original Corn Laws-Gunpowder Plot-Creation of Baronets

Royal Visit of James I.-" Book of Sports" framed for this County--

Wakes Ship Money assessed in Lancashire-Lancashire Members of the

Long Parliament-Breaking out of the Civil Wars in Lancashire-Forces

raised by Lord Strange under the Commission of Array-First Campaign

in Lancashire Second-Third-Fourth-Great Battle at Preston be-

tween the Duke of Hamilton and Oliver Cromwell-Fate of Charles I.-

President Bradshaw-Warrants issued by the Earl of Derby to join the

Standard of Charles II-Battle of Wigan-Lane-the Earl of Derby

made prisoner-tried by a Court Martial at Chester-Executed at Bolton

-Lancashire Militia-Land Tax-Ejected Ministers-Rebellions of 1715

and 1745...
.39-78

CHAPTER III.

Boundaries, Dimensions, and Jurisdictions of the County of Lancaster-Climate

-Longevity-Meteorology-Soil and Agriculture-Mineralogy and Geo-

logy of the County-Subterranean Forests-Mountains and Fells-Navi-

gable Rivers of Lancashire-Secondary Rivers-Lakes-Gentry of the

County-Tenures of Land-Charity Funds of Lancashire vested in Landed

Property in Government Securities-Representation of the County-

Nobles of Lancashire - Lieutenancy-Magistracy-Public Officers-

Asylum and Prisons-Financial Affairs of the County-Public Bridges—

Times and Places of holding the Sessions of the Peace-Poor Rates

Benefit Societies-Religious Communities, Established Church-Roman

Catholics-Protestant Dissenters-Methodists-Lord-lieutenant and

Deputy-lieutenants ·

-

CHAPTER IV.

·79-111

Causes of the Manufacturing and Commercial growth of Lancashire-Cotton

Trade-Era of Inventions-Machines Sir Richard Arkwright's Im-

provements Twist exported-Value of Manufactures- Quantity of

Cotton imported-Miscellaneous Trades-Commerce of Lancashire-

Exports and Imports-Inland Navigation-Rivers made navigable-The

Canals of the County-Projected Iron Railway from Manchester to Liver-

pool-Courts of Law (Synopsis)-Peculiar Jurisdictions Ecclesiastical

Courts Chancery Court of the Duchy-Palatine Court-Common

Pleas of the County-Assizes-Project for removing them-Courts of

inferior Jurisdiction-Population and Bills of Mortality of Lancashire-

Manners of the People-Worthles of Lancashire-The Six Hundreds

Parishes, Military Quotas, and County Contributions-Places Extra

Parochial

.112-148