The Economic Growth of Brazil

activities agricultural Amazon Amazon basin average Baía balance of payments basic Brazil Brazilian economy British C. R. Boxer capita income capital Caribbean cattle breeding cent coffee economy coffee prices colonies colonists consumption cost cotton created crisis cruzeiros currency decade decline demand disequilibrium domestic market duction Dutch economic system effects eighteenth century England entrepreneur European exchange rate expansion export prices exporting sector external fact factors farming favorable financing foreign gold half immigrants inasmuch increase internal investments labor land latter manufactures Maranhão ment Methuen Treaty million milréis mining economy monetary income nineteenth century nomic Northeast period plantations population Portugal pressure price level problem productive capacity profits real income reduction region relative result Rio de Janeiro rise in prices São Paulo São Vicente situation slave manpower slavery Spanish subsistence economy substantial sugar economy supply tion trade transfer treaty United utilization wages Western Hemisphere whereas