A. D. 1812 The British Orders in Council revoked, June 24. Peace between England, Russia, and Sweden, July 18. Marquis Wellington enters Madrid, Aug. 14. The French enter Moscow, General Hill enters Truxillo, The American army surrenders to General Brock at De- Parliament dissolved, Sept. 29. Account received of the capture of the Guerriere, by the Americans defeated in Upper Canada, and General Brock Kutusoff defeats the French advanced guard near Moscow, Wittgenstein defeats St. Cyr, &c. at Polotsk, Oct. 20. A conspiracy discovered at Paris, Oct. 23. The Macedonian frigate captured by the United States, Ballasteros removed from the command of the Spanish The French re-enter Madrid.-Platoff defeats the French Platoff drives the French from Dorogobugsch, Nov. 7. The battle of Borissow, Nov. 21. Battle of the Beresina, and passage of the river by Buonaparte, Nov. 28. The remains of the French army in Russia, arrive in a dreadful situation at Molodetchno, Dec. 3. Buonaparte quits the army at Smorgoni, and saves himself by flight, Dec. 5. The New Parliament meets," Dec. 8. The French arrive in great distress at Wilna, Dec. 10. A. D. 1812 The French driven out of Wilna by the Russians, Dec. 11, Parliament votes 200,000l. for relief of the Russian sufferers by the war, Dec. 18. Buonaparte arrives at Paris at midnight, Dec. 18. The twenty-ninth French Bulletin arrives, giving a dreadful picture of the sufferings of the French army, Dec. 28. Capture of the Java frigate by the Constitution, Dec. 29. 1813 Konigsburgh occupied by the Russians, Jan. 2. Elbing taken by the Russians, Jan. 12. American General Winchester defeated at French Town, Buonaparte reconciled to the Pope, Jan. 25. Desperate action between the Amelia and a French frigate, The Peacock captured by the American ship Hornet, The English take Cuxhaven, March 16. The Russians enter Hamburgh, March 18. General Morand defeated and killed by the Russians, at Thorn taken by the Russians, April 18. Little York, in Canada, taken by General Dearborn, Battle of Lutzen, in Saxony, May 2. Battle of Bautzen in Saxony, May 20. Lord Wellington enters Salamanca, May 26. The Chesapeake American frigate captured by the Shan- An armistice concluded between the French, Russians, and Battle of Vittoria, in which Lord Wellington completely Saragossa surrenders to the Spanish General Mina, July 30. The Crown Prince defeats the French before Berlin, The French defeat the Allies before Dresden, Aug. 27. Glorious triumph of the Crown Prince and the Allies over A. D. 1813 Accounts received of battles at Dresden, in which the French sustained great losses, Sept. 7. French defeated near Berlin, Sept. 9. Reggio defeated by the Crown Pince of Sweden ;— Austria Swedish Declaration of War against Denmark, Sept. 15. Victory of the Allies over Buonaparte at Nollendorf, 19. corps, and carried the village of Wartenberg, Oct. S. Retreat of Marshal Ney from Dessau. Oct. 4. Junction of the Crown Prince with General Blucher, 5. The French driven from their lines in frout of the Bidassoa, Oct. 7. General Order for a volunteering from the Militia, on the The Senate of Paris order a new levy of 280,000 men, Arrival of the Earl of March with despatches of Lord Departure of Buonaparte from Dresden, Oct. 17. Buonaparte retreats to Erfurth, Oct. 23. Pampeluna surrenders;-Re-establishment of the Elector of Hesse ;-Reduction of Trieste, Oct. 31. The Electoral Government of Hanover proclaimed with acclamations, Nov. 1. Buonaparte's arrival at Mayence, Nov. 2. General illuminations for the victories of the Allies ;-cap- Councils of French finance held at St. Cloud, Nov. 10. Lord Wellington drove the French from their position at Arrival of the Deputies from Holland, with intelligence of Surrender of the garrisons of Carlsburgh and Blexen, on the Elbe and Weser, Nov. 23. Park and Tower guns fired twice on the same day ;-Defeat of the Dutch patriots at Woerden, Nov. 24. A. D. 1813 Prince of Orange left town for Holland ;-Decree of Buonaparte, ordering two armies of 100,000 men each to be raised, Nov. 25. Prince of Orange landed in Holland;-Lord Clancarty, the British minister, arrived in Holland ;-Proclamation of the Prince of Orange, issued at the Hague;-Prince of Orange appointed Sovereign Prince of the Netherlands;-solemn entry of the Prince of Orange into Amsterdam;-important declaration of the Allied Powers, at Frankfort, Dec. 1. First Dutch mail arrived at Harwich, Dec. 2. The Duke of Cambridge and suite left town for Hanover, Neutrality of Switzerland acknowledged by the Allies ; A continued series of fighting in France from the 9th till the 13th, the result of which was the total defeat of Soult and the French army, who were driven into their intrenchments at Bayonne, Dec. 9. Arrival of the Hereditary Prince of Orange from Lord Wellington's head-quarters ;-the Prince of Orange abolished all the French imposts, and substituted the ancient duties of the country;-Proclamation of Lord Wellington to the people of France, Dec. 11. Deputations from the Diet of Switzerland sent to Paris and Frankfort to announce an armed neutrality;—the navigation of the Weser free, Dec. 17. Fortress of Breda taken by the Russians;-Davoust driven Hereditary Prince of Orange arrived at Helvoetsluys, Extraordinary fog over London, which continued for five BOOKS ON CHRONOLOGY. The twenty-fifth volume of MAVOR'S UNIVERSAL HISTORY contains a very full and complete table of events, and is, without exception, the best work of the kind, on a convenient scale. TIME'S TELESCOPE will be found a highly interesting and useful manual: it is published annually, and comprises an explanation of Remarkable Days, Astronomical Occurrences, Naturalist's Diary for every month in the year; and forms a COMPLETE GUIDE to the ALMANACK. The Stream of Time is a pleasing chronological chart. PART XI. IMPROVEMENT OF THE MEMORY. ALL the abilities of the mind borrow from memory their beauty and perfection; without this, the other faculties of the soul are almost useless. To what purpose are all our labours in knowledge and wisdom, if we want memory to preserve and use what we have acquired? What avail all other intellectual or spiritual improvements, if they are lost as soon as they are obtained? Memory alone enriches the mind, by preserving what our labour and industry have collected. Without memory, there can be neither knowledge, nor arts, nor sciences. Without the assistance and influence of this power, mankind would experience no improvement in virtue, in morals, or in religion. The soul of man would be but a poor, destitute, naked being, without memory. If we except the fleeting ideas of the moment, it would present an everlasting blank. Hail, Memory hail! in thy exhaustless mine, Lo! Fancy's fairy frost-work melts away! It is often found, that a fine genius has but a feeble memory; for, where the genius is bright, and the imagination vivid, the power of memory may be too much neglected, and lose its improvement. An active fancy readily wanders over a multitude of objects, and is continually entertaining it with new and transitory images. It runs through a number of new scenes, or new pages, with pleasure, but without due attention; and seldom suffers itself to dwell upon any of them, long enough for the mind to receive a deep impression, or for the remembrance of the subject to be lasting. In all these cases, (says Mr. Locke), ideas in the mind quickly fade, and often vanish quite out of the understanding, leaving no more footsteps or remaining characters of themselves, than shadows do, flying over fields of corn; and the mind |