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of fteps leads up to the pronaos or vestibule.

The fronts con

fifted of fix fluted Doric columns, the flanks of eleven plain ones; of thefe, few are now ftanding, many having been thrown down by earthquakes in the memory of man; and what remains is in a tottering condition.

Moving from this temple, along the brow of the hill towards the weft, the traveller reached the building commonly called the Temple of Concord.

The reafon given, fays our author, for fuppofing it was facred to Concord is, that Fazzello, and fubfequent writers, have aferibed to this building the infcription now fixed in a wall at Girgenti. It runs thus: "Concordiæ Agrigentinorum facrum Refpublica Lilybitanorum dedicantibus M. Atterio Candido Procos. et L. Cornelio Marcello D. Pr. Pr." and, as D'Orville very juftly concludes from many unanfwerable arguments, is fuppofititious. Upon this flight foundation, and an expreffion in Strabo, who fays, that all the public edifices of Agrigentum had been burnt or destroyed before the time of Auguftus, Fazzello has formed his opinion that this temple was built after that period, and at the joint expence of the two cities mentioned in the infcription. If it was, it must be deemed impoffible to afcertain the age of a building by the ftyle of its architecture; for the ruins of Agrigentum feem to belong to an earlier period.'

This Doric Temple has all its columns, entablature, pediments, and walls entire; only part of the roof is wanting. It owes its prefervation to the piety of fome Chriftians, who have covered half the nave, and converted it into a church. Six columns in front, and eleven on the fides, exclufive of the angular ones, form the colonade. The cella has a door at each end, between two columns and two pilafters, and in each fide-wall fix small doors, with a ftair-cafe that led up to the rooms in the roof. This majestic edifice ftands in the most striking point of view, on the brink of a precipice; which formed the defence of the city along the whole fouthern expofure.

The traveller and his company proceeded thence in the fame direction, between rows of fepulchres cut in the rock. Some parts are hewn into the shape of coffins, others drilled full of fmall fquare holes, employed in a different mode of interment, and ferving as receptacles of urns. One ponderous piece of the rock, by the failure of its foundation, or the fhock of an earthquake, has been loofened from the quarry,' and rolled down the declivity, where it now lies fupine with the cavities turned upwards.

The next station of the travellers was at a fingle column that marks the confufed heap of mofs-grown ruins belonging

to

to the Temple of Hercules. It flood on a projecting rocke above a chaẩm in the ridge, which was cut through for a paffage to the emporium. They followed this road over fome hills to the building ufually called the Tomb of Thero. It is furrounded by aged olive-trees, which caft a wild irregular fhade over the ruin.

This edifice inclines to the pyramidical fhape, and confifts, at present, of a triple plinth, and a base fupporting a square pedestal. Upon this foundation is raised a fecond order, having a window in each front, and two Ionic pilafters at each angle. They are crowned with an entablature of the Doric order, of which the triglyphs and metopes remain, but the cornice is fallen. The infide of this building is divided into a vault, a ground room, and one in the Ionic ftory, communi. cating with each other by means of a small internal stair-cafe.

On the plain below are fome fragments of the Temple of Efculapius. Part of two columns and two pilafters, with an intermediate wall, fupport the end of a farm-houfe, and were, our author imagines, the front of the cella.

Returning from the plain to Agrigentum by the fame road, and purfuing the track of the walls towards the west, the traveller arrived at a fpot whlch is covered with the coloffal remains of the Temple of Jupiter the Olympian, minutely defcribed by Diodorus Siculus. It is now barely poffible, with the help of much conjecture, to discover the traces of its plan and dimenfions.

The next ruin belongs to the temple of Castor and Pollux; but it is fo covered with vegetation that only a few fragments of columns appear between the vines. This was the point of the hill where the wall ftopt on the brink of a large fish-pond, fpoken of by Diodorus. It was cut in the folid rock thirty feet deep, and water was conveyed to it from the hills. In it was bred a great quantity of fish, for the use of public entertainments. Swans and various other kinds of wild-fowl fwam along its furface, for the amufement of the citizens; and the great depth of water prevented an enemy from furprising the town on that fide, It is now dry, and used as a garden.

As nothing affords the mind greater pleasure than contemplating fcenes which excite the remembrance of ancient grandeur, we have, for the fatisfaction of our readers, been more particular than usual, in tracing the progrefs of this agreeable and well-informed traveller, whofe defcriptions are every where diftinct, and his obfervations invariably founded in justness of fentiment. In a fubfequent Number we shall finish our account of the work.

A Letter

A Letter to Theophilus Lindsey, A, M. occafioned by his late Publication of An Hiftorical View of the State of the Unitarian Doctrine and Worship. 8vo. 2s. 6d. Payne and Son.

THE

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HE author of this Lettér informs us, that ever fince he was able to read the New Teftament, with any degree of rational attention, he has been led to confider the mystery of the Trinity in Unity as an object of faith too vast for human comprehenfion, and therefore best viewed in awful filence and adoration.' About the fame time, he fays, he formed an opinion, which he has never feen the least reason to alter, that the doctrine of Chrift's humanity, as profeffed and preached by Mr. Lindsey, is fubverfive of every principle of Chriftianity.' But, though he utterly difapproves of Mr. Lindfey's tenets, he does not attempt to refute them by an appeal to the facred writers. After what has been written on the fubject, he does not apprehend that any thing he can add would have the leaft effect; he therefore ftudiouily avoids all appearance of controverfy; and confines his obfervations to thofe parts of Mr. Lindley's writings, in which that author has mentioned fome very learned, pious, and refpectable men, as patronizers of his opinion.

' I find, says he, very few, if any, thofe only excepted who reject the gofpel revelation, that would not have thought it an injury to their characters to be ranked with your difciples. Surely the word unitarian, in this fenfe, could never have been used with lefs propriety, than when applied to fuch believers in the Chriftian fyftem as Mr. Whifton, Dr. Clarke, fir Ifaac Newton, bishop Hoadly, and even Socinus himself, who, ftrange as it may feem, was not, in your fenfe of the word, a Socinian; for all thefe, according to your own account, confidered Chrift as an object of worship; and if they had been called upon to fign an article, declaring that he was - only an infpired man, would have burnt rather than have complied.'

Mr. Lindsey, it is well known, has made great ufe of Dr. Clarke's manufcript Liturgy, in the British Mufcum. On this fubject, the author makes the following animadverfions, among many others to the fame effect.

It is pretty clear, from Dr. Clarke's writings, that he was too able, too difcerning, and I hope too confcientious a man, to settle in his mind an opinion, that Chrift was a proper object of worship; and then, from that opinion, to draw the confequence, which, according to your account, muft be contended for, that the Liturgy of the Church of England

4

ought

ought to be divefted of all paffages, in which prayer is addreffed to Chrift. I muft, therefore, fuppofe, I think I might fay, conclude, that Dr. Clarke's manufcript Liturgy was merely experimental, and, as fuch, by him abandoned, though not deftroyed or that it did contain fome paffages in which prayer was addressed to Chrift.'

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In fpeaking of Mr. Whifton, as well as Dr. Clarke, he fays: could you, who believe that Chrift had no existence be fore he was born at Bethlehem, and Mr. Whitton, ́ who with Dr. Clarke, believed that he exifted with the Father from the beginning, read the fame fervice together? If you could, there is certainly fome mystery in the art of Liturgy-making, totally beyond my comprehenfion. Nor can I fee why, if the fame words can be made to fit two fuch oppofite opinions, and fatisfy thofe who in fome way worship Chrift, and those who worship him not at all, there needed all that labour which it coft you, to alter and amend Dr. Clarke's Liturgy.'

After many other obfervations on this subject, the author proceeds to the principal defign of his addrefs, the vindication of his friend, the late Abraham Tucker, Efq. author of the Light of Nature purfued, against that injurious reflection, which he conceives Mr. Lindfey has thrown on his character, when he styles him an unitarian Chriftian.'

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When I faw Mr. Tucker in the list of your enlightened Unitarians,' I folemnly declare, fays he, I could not have been more amazed, if I had feen his venerable name enrolled among the difciples of Mahomet.'

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In confequence of this imputation on the religious fentiments of that writer, our author proves, by various paffages in his works, that he was not a believer in one fyllable of Mr. Lindsey's chapter on the proper humanity of Chrift, but an enlightened Athanafian.'

At the conclufion of his Letter he fuggefts what influence he thinks Mr. Lindsey's Hiftorical View of the State of the Unitarian Doctrine and Worthip, may have on the peace and happiness of mankind, in their individual, focial, civil, and religious capacities.

This writer appears to be a ferious, orthodox believer, who views the Mystery of the Trinity in awful filence, resigns his judgement to the incomprehenfibility of the fubject, and peaceably acquiefces in a doctrine, fanctified by the wisdom of ages, and established by the laws of the land.

'Archeologia s

Archæologia: or Miscellaneous Tracts relating to Antiquity. Publifhed by the Society of Antiquaries of London. Vol. VII. 4to. 11. 13. in Boards. White.

THE

HE inftitution of the Antiquarian Society has proved the means not only of diffufing an acquaintance with antiquities, but of ftimulating ingenuity to various conjectures and obfervations. The Archeologia, therefore, at the fame time that they afford a work of entertainment, are happily calculated for extending our knowlege relative to the ftate of remote ages.

The first article in this volume contains Obfervations on an Infcription on an ancient Pillar in the Poffeffion of the Society of Antiquaries. In 1726, this pillar was brought from Alexandria, where it was found buried in the fands, and supposed to have ferved as a tomb-ftone. It is of granite, in the form of an inverted cone, three feet four inches high, and from eight inches and a half to fix inches and a half diameter. The infcription is in Oriental characters, compounded of the Cufic, and of that which was invented by Ebn Moclah, about the year of the Hegira 320. The following is the tranflation. of it according to Mr. Bohun.

¿ 1. The Bifinela with a flat roof, this temple

2. Erected according to an old form, happening to be burnt down and laid fleeping in its ruins, was

3. In the time of the Caliph Hakem re-erected according to that (form) which Mahomet

4. Cafim, in his directions touching this kind of building, had given and fet thereof an

5. Example, and now lastly being purged from impurities and confecrated was re-built by order

6. Of Al Muftapha, over Egypt by the grace of God lord of the faithful in the year 506 in the month Cahile.'

This obfcure infcription Mr. Bohun endeavours to illuftrate from history, and refers it to an event in the dynasty of the Fatemite caliphs.

Article II. is an Illuftration of fome Druidical Remains in the Peak of Derbyshire. By the Rev. Mr. Pegge.—These remains are chiefly two ftones which were taken out of the ground about the year 1760, at Durwood, near Hartle-moor, where they lay by the fide of a large urn, half full of burnt bones. They are fuppofed to have been used for grinding corn before mills were invented; and this opinion Mr. Pegge endeavours to confirm by the authority of fome authors, who have obferved that the fame expedient was commonly practifed

in other nations.

VOL. LX. Sept. 1785.

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Art. III.

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