Global Change and the Earth System: A Planet Under PressureThe interactions between environmental change and human societies have a long, complex history spanning many millennia, but these have changed fundamentally in the last century. Human activities are now so pervasive and profound that they are altering the Earth in ways which threaten the very life support system upon which humans depend. This book describes what is known about the Earth System and the impact of changes caused by humans. It considers the consequences of these changes with respect to the stability of the Earth System and the well-being of humankind; as well as exploring future paths towards Earth System science in support of global sustainability. |
From inside the book
Results 1-5 of 83
Page viii
... Nitrogen , Phosphorus and Sulphur Fluxes ... 119 3.4 Putting Human - Driven Changes into an Earth System Perspective 3.4.1 Socioeconomic and Cultural Teleconnections 3.4.2 Interaction Between Human - Driven Changes and Natural ...
... Nitrogen , Phosphorus and Sulphur Fluxes ... 119 3.4 Putting Human - Driven Changes into an Earth System Perspective 3.4.1 Socioeconomic and Cultural Teleconnections 3.4.2 Interaction Between Human - Driven Changes and Natural ...
Page 6
... Nitrogen Fixation 0 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 Year 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Species Extinctions 2000 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 Year N.Hemisphere Surface Temperature 1.0 0.5 0.0 -0.5 -1.0 1000 400 350 300- 1200 1400 1600 1800 Year ...
... Nitrogen Fixation 0 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 Year 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Species Extinctions 2000 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 Year N.Hemisphere Surface Temperature 1.0 0.5 0.0 -0.5 -1.0 1000 400 350 300- 1200 1400 1600 1800 Year ...
Page 7
... nitrogen depo- sition on the biological diversity of terrestrial ecosystems and the effect of non - climate driven changes in terrestrial and marine biospheric emission of trace gases and hence to the chemistry of the atmosphere ...
... nitrogen depo- sition on the biological diversity of terrestrial ecosystems and the effect of non - climate driven changes in terrestrial and marine biospheric emission of trace gases and hence to the chemistry of the atmosphere ...
Page 9
... Nitrogen and the biogeochemistry of the atmosphere . Am Sci 32 : 284-306 Hutchinson GE ( 1954 ) The biogeochemistry of the terrestrial at- mosphere . In : Kuiper GP ( ed ) The Earth as a planet . Univer- sity of Chicago Press , Chicago ...
... Nitrogen and the biogeochemistry of the atmosphere . Am Sci 32 : 284-306 Hutchinson GE ( 1954 ) The biogeochemistry of the terrestrial at- mosphere . In : Kuiper GP ( ed ) The Earth as a planet . Univer- sity of Chicago Press , Chicago ...
Page 11
... nitrogen , phosphorus and sulphur . These are not dealt with in Chapter 1 An Integrated Earth System Chapter 2 Earth System. detail here . Complete descriptions of these cycles and their most critical processes are available in a number ...
... nitrogen , phosphorus and sulphur . These are not dealt with in Chapter 1 An Integrated Earth System Chapter 2 Earth System. detail here . Complete descriptions of these cycles and their most critical processes are available in a number ...
Contents
1 | |
6 | |
Harvard University USA The University of Newcastle | 60 |
Claussen Martin | 75 |
How Humans are Changing the Earth System | 81 |
3 | 109 |
Magnitudes Rates and Significance of Human Changes | 131 |
4 | 142 |
Department of Geosciences Harvey Nick | 166 |
5 | 203 |
NASA Headquarters Washington DC USA Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research | 234 |
Dalhousie University Canada Scholes R | 251 |
References | 299 |
Mitra A | 305 |
Acknowledgements | 307 |
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Common terms and phrases
aerosol aerosol particles Africa agricultural anthropogenic areas Asia atmos atmospheric CO2 Berlin Heidelberg biodiversity Biogeochem Cy biological biomass biosphere Cambridge carbon cycle century chemical climate change climate system CO₂ coastal zone complex concentration decades deforestation dynamics Earth System functioning ecosys ecosystems effects emissions ENSO environment environmental estimated example extinction feedbacks fertilisation flux forcing forest fossil fuel Gaia Geophys Res glacial Greenland growth Heidelberg New York Holocene human activities human-driven hydrological hydrological cycle ice core IGBP IGBP Global Change impacts important increase influence interactions IPCC land-cover Lovelock marine natural nitrogen North Atlantic nutrients ocean organic ozone past patterns perturbation photosynthesis phytoplankton plant population processes production radiative forcing record regions responses river role scale Science sediment significant simulations soil solar species surface temperature terrestrial ecosystems Tg N yr–1 thermohaline circulation tion transport trends tropical tropospheric variability vegetation warming Younger Dryas