The Middle Sort of People in Provincial England, 1600-1750Exploring the origins of 'middle-class' status in the English provinces during a formative period of social and economic change, this book provides the first comparative study of the nature of social identity in early modern provincial England. It questions definitions of a 'middling' group, united by shared patterns of consumption and display, and examines the bases for such identity in three detailed case studies of the 'middle sort' in East Anglia, Lancashire, and Dorset. Dr.French identifies how the 'middling' described their status, and examines this through their social position in parish life and government, and through their material possessions.Instead of a coherent, unified 'middle sort of people' this book reveals division between self-proclaimed parish rulers (the 'chief inhabitants') and a wider body of modestly prosperous householders, who nevertheless shared social perspectives bounded within their localities. By the eighteenth century, many of these 'chief inhabitants' were trying to break out of their parish pecking orders - not by associating with a wider 'middle class', but by modifying ideas of gentility to suit theircircumstances (and pockets).French concludes as a result, that while the presence of a distinct 'middling' stratum is apparent, the social identity of the people remained fragmented - restricted by parochial society on the one hand, and overshadowed by the prospect of gentility on the other. He offers new interpretation and insights into the composition and scale of the society in early modern England. |
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acres agrarian Ambrose Barcroft assessments Beaminster borough Braintree Bufton burgesses cent chairs Chetnole chief inhabitants churchwardens Clitheroe cloth clothier Coggeshall Colchester consumption copyhold Court Leet cultural DC/LR Defoe distinction Dorset Dorset RO Earls Colne Early Modern England East Bergholt economic eighteenth century elite English Essex and Suffolk Essex RO Chelms farms Finchingfield Foulridge gentility gentlemen gentry Goosnargh Harlackenden Hearth Tax HHlds History household Ibid identity individuals John Lancashire Lancs land London Lyme Regis manor manorial Median number middle class middle sort Morley Newport Pond non-officers overseers parish parish office parochial political poor population possessed Preston PROB probate inventories prosperous Quarter Sessions Quarter Sessions Roll quartile ranks ratepayers rates recorded region RO DDB rural sample settlement seventeenth century Sherborne social description society status Sudbury Suffolk RO suggests Table Thomas town town’s trade urban valuations vestry Vestry Minute wealth weavers yeoman Yetminster