Children’s Competence to Consent

ability abortion adolescents adults assessment autonomy behavior benefit Bersoff best interests capacity Chapter child Children's rights choice client Clinical cognitive competence to consent concept concern consent to medical consent to treatment context counsel decide decision decision-making developmental discussed disease donors effects ethical evaluation example experience experimental goals Grisso incompetent increased individual informed consent investigators involved issues Journal judgment Justice Koocher Law Review lawyers Levine Lewis locus of control mature minor Melton ment mental Miranda Miranda rights Miranda warnings obtained parental consent Parham participation patient Pediatrics perceived person physician Planned Parenthood police potential problems procedures professional protection proxy consent psychological psychotherapy questions reactance reasoning regarding relevant require rights to silence risks role seek self-determination situations social psychology specific standards statute suggested Supreme Court Tapp therapy tion U.S. Supreme Court understanding York