Cotton is King, and Pro-slavery Arguments

ful in securing the monopply of the Cotton markets; Failure of Cotton culti-
vation in other countries Diminished prices destroyed Household Manufac
turing Increasing demand for Cotton Strange Providences; First efforts to
extend Slavery; Indian lands acquired; No danger of over-production;
Abolition movements served to unite the South; Annexation of territory
thought essential to its security; Increase of provisions necessary to its suc-
cess; Temperance cause favorable to this result; The West ready to supply
the Planters; It is greatly stimulated to effort by Southern markets; Tripar-
tite Alliance of Western Farmers, Southern Planters, and English Manufactur-
ers; The East competing; The West has a choice of markets; Slavery ex-
tension necessary to Western progress; Increased price of Provisions; More
grain growing needed; Nebraska and Kansas needed to raise food
Planters stimulated by increasing demand for Cotton Aspect of the Provi-
sion question; California gold changed the expected results of legislation;
Reciprocity Treaty favorable to Planters; Extended cultivation of Provisions
in the Far West essential to Planters; Present aspect of the Cotton question
favorable to Planters; London Economist's statistics and remarks; Our
Planters must extend the culture of Cotton to prevent its increased growth
elsewhere....

CHAPTER XII.

The

onsideration of foreign cultivation of Cotton further considered; Facts and
opinions stated by the London Economist; Consumption of Cotton tending
to extend the production; India affords the only field of competition with
the United States; Its vast inferiority; Imports from India dependent upon
price; Free Labor and Slave Labor can not be united on the same field;
Supply of the United States therefore limited by natural increase of slaves;
Limited supply of labor tends to renewal of slave trade ;( Cotton production
in India the only obstacle which Great Britain can interpose against Amer-
ican Planters Africa, too, to be made subservient to this object; Parliament-
ary proceedings on this subject; Successful Cotton culture in Africa Slavery
to be permanently established by this policy; Opinions of the American Mis-
sionary Remarks showing the position of the Cotton question in its relations
to slavery Great Britain building up slavery in Africa to break it down in
America....

CHAPTER XIII.

100

tionale of the Kansas-Nebraska movement; Western agriculturists merely
feeders of Slaves; Dry goods and groceries nearly all of Slave labor origin;
Value of Imports; How paid for; Planters pay for more than three-
Fourths; Slavery intermediate between Commerce and Agriculture; Slavery
hot self-sustaining; Supplies from the North essential to its success; Proxi-
nate extent of these supplies; Slavery, the central power of the industrial
nterests, depending on Manufactures and Commerce; Abolitionists contribut-
ng to this result; Protection prostrate; Free Trade dominant; The South
riumphant; Country ambitious of territorial aggrandizement; The world's
eace disturbed; Our policy needs modifying to meet contingencies; Defeat
f Mr. Clay; War with Mexico; Results unfavorable to renewal of Protec-
ive policy; Dominant political party at the North gives its adhesion to Free
rade; Leading Abolition paper does the same; Ditches on the wrong side
f breastworks; Inconsistency; Free Trade the main element in extending
lavery; Abolition United States Senators' voting with the South; North
hus shorn of its power; Home Market supplied by Slavery; People acqui-
sce; Despotism and Freedom; Preservation of the Union paramount;
olored people must wait a little; Slavery triumphant; People at large
owerless; Necessity of severing the Slavery question from politics; Coloni-
tion the only hope; Abolitionism prostrate; Admissions on this point, by

Parker, Sumner, Campbell; Other dangers to be averted; Election of Speaker
Banks a Free Trade Triumph; Neutrality necessary; Liberia the colored
man's hope....

123

CHAPTER XIV.

THE INDUSTRIAL, SOCIAL, AND MORAL CONDITION OF THE FREE PEOPLE OF
COLOR IN THE BRITISH COLONIES, HAYTI, AND IN THE UNITED STATES; AND THE
INFLUENCE THEY HAVE EXERTED ON PUBLIC SENTIMENT IN RELATION TO SLAV-
ERY, AND TO THEIR OWN PROSPECTS OF EQUALITY WITH THE WHITES.
Effects of opposition to Colonization on Liberia; Its effects on free colored
people; Their social and moral condition; Abolition testimony on the sub-
ject; American Missionary Association; Its failure in Canada; Degradation
of West India free colored people; American and Foreign Anti-Slavery So-
ciety; Its testimony on the dismal condition of West India free negroes;
London Times on same subject; Mr. Bigelow on same subject; Effect of re-
sults in West Indies on Emancipation; Opinion of Southern Planters; Eco-
nomical failure of West India Emancipation; Ruinous to British Com-
merce; Similar results in Hayti; Extent of diminution of exports from
West Indies resulting from Emancipation; Results favorable to American
Planter; Moral condition of Hayti; Later facts in reference to the West In-
dies; Negro free labor a failure; necessity of education to render freedom
of value; Franklin's opinion confirmed; Colonization essential to promote
Emancipation.......
132

CHAPTER XV.

Moral condition of the free colored people in United States; What have they

gained by refusing to accept Colonization? Abolition testimony on the sub-

ject; Gerrit Smith; New York Tribune; Their moral condition as indicated

by proportions in Penitentiaries; Census Reports; Native whites, foreign

born, and free colored, in Penitentiaries; But little improvement in Massa-

chusetts in seventy years; Contrasts of Ohio with New England; Antago-

nism of Abolitionism to free negroes..
149

CHAPTER XVI.

Disappointment of English and American Abolitionists; Their failure attri-

buted to the inherent evils of Slavery; Their want of discrimination; The

differences in the system in the British Colonies and in the United States;

Colored people of United States vastly in advance of all others; Success of

the Gospel among the Slaves; Democratic Review on African civilization;

Vexation of Abolitionists at their failure; Their apology not to be accepted;

Liberia attests its falsity; The barrier to the colored man's elevation remov-

able only by Colonization; Colored men begin to see it; Chambers, of Edin-

burgh; His testimony on the crushing effects of New England's treatment

of colored people; Charges Abolitionists with insincerity; Approves Colo-

nization; Abolition violence rebuked by an English clergyman................ 154

CHAPTER XVII.

Failure of free colored people in attaining an equality with the whites; Their
1-1
failure also in checking Slavery; Have they not aided in its extension?
Yes; Facts in proof of this view; Abolitionists bad Philosophers; Colored
men's influence destructive of their hopes; Summary manner in which En-
gland acts in their removal; Lord Mansfield's decision; Granville Sharp's
labors and their results; Colored immigration into Canada; Information sup-
plied by Major Lachlan ; Demoralized condition of the blacks as indicated by
the crimes they committed; Elgin Association; Public meeting protesting
against its organization; Negro meeting at Toronto; Memorial of municipal

council; Negro riot at St. Catherine's; Col. Prince and the Negroes; Later

cases of presentation by Grand Jury; Opinion of the Judge; Darkening

prospects of the colored race; Views of Rev. Henry Ward Beecher; Their

accuracy; The lesson they teach...

CHAPTER XVIII.

... 172

THE MORAL RELATIONS OF PERSONS HOLDING THE "PER SE" DOCTRINE ON THE
UBJECT OF SLAVERY, TO THE PURCHASE AND CONSUMPTION OF SLAVE LABOR
PRODUCTS.

Moral relations of Slavery; Relations of the consumer of Slave labor products

to the system; Grand error of all Anti-Slavery effort; Law of particeps

criminis; Daniel O'Connell; Malum in se doctrine; Inconsistency of those

who hold it; English Emancipationists; Their commercial argument; Dif-

ferences between the position of Great Britain and the United States;

Preaching versus practice by Abolitionists; Cause of their want of influence

Over the Slaveholder; Necessity of examining the question; Each man to

be judged by his own standard; Classification of opinions in the United

States, in regard to the morality of Slavery; Three Views; A case in illus-

tration; Apology of per se men for using Slave grown products insufficient;

Law relating to "confusion of goods;" per se men participes criminis with

Slaveholders; Taking Slave grown products under protest absurd; World's

Christian Evangelical Alliance; Amount of Slave labor Cotton in England

at that moment; Pharisaical conduct; The Scotchman taking his wife under

protest; Anecdote; American Cotton more acceptable to Englishmen than

Republican principles; Secret of England's policy toward American Slavery ;

The case of robbery again cited, and the English Satirized; A contrast;

Causes of the want of moral power of Abolitionists; Slaveholder no cause

to cringe; Other results; Effect of the adoption of the per se doctrine by

ecclesiastical bodies; Slaves thus left in all their moral destitution; Inconsis-

tency of per se men denouncing others; What the Bible says of similar con-

APPENDIX.

rly movements in the American Colonies on the Slavery question...... 227

ee colored population in Canada....

portant decisions relating to Negroes in Common Schools..

assachusetts Black Militia...

uth Side Views......

lored people emigrating from Louisiana to Hayti.

he Coolie Traffic....

BLE I.-Cotton, its influence on Commerce, Manufactures, Slavery, Emanci-

pation, etc., from its earliest use in England to present date; Sources of its

supplies; Dates of inventions increasing its use; Dates of movements de-

signed to favor the blacks; Dates of occurrences antagonistic to their

hopes.
... 250

BLE II.-Tabular statement of Agricultural products and products of Animals

exported; Total value of products of Animals and Agriculture raised in the

United States; Value of amount left for consumption and use; Value of

Cotton exported, of total crop, and of amount left for consumption; Do. of

Tobacco, and its products....
254

BLE. III.-Total imports of more important Groceries for 1853; Re-exports

of do.; Proportion from Slave labor countries.......

254

BLE IV.-Free colored and Slave population of United States; Diminution

of free colored population in New England; Rapid increase in Ohio, etc. 255

259

TABLE. V.-Influence of colored population on public sentiment in Ohio; Vote

for and against Abolition candidate for Governor, by counties..

TABLE VI.-Total Cotton crop of United States, with the amounts exported,

the consumption of the United States, North of Virginia, and the Stock on

hand, September 1, of cach year, from 1840 to 1859, inclusive......... 260

TABLE VII.-Statement of the value of Cotton Manufactures, of Foreign Pro-

duction, which were imported into the United States;, And the value of the

Cotton goods Manufactured in the United States, and exported, during the

years stated; Also a statement showing the amount of Coffee imported into

the United States annually, with the amount taken for consumption, during

the years 1850 to 1858, inclusive.....

261

TABLE VIII.-Statement exhibiting the value of the exports from the United

States of breadstuffs and provisions; The amount and value of Cotton ex-

ported, with the average cost per pound; and the amount of Tobacco exported

from 1821 to 1859 inclusive......

262

TABLE IX.-Statement exhibiting the value of Foreign goods imported and

taken for consumption in the United States; The value of Domestic produce

of the United States exported, exclusive of Specie; The value of Specie

and bullion imported, and the value of Specie and bullion exported, from

1821 to 1859 inclusive...

.. 263

TABLE X.-Statement showing the amount of Cane Sugar and Molasses con-

sumed in the United States annually, with the proportions that are Domestic

and Foreign, for 1850 to 1858, inclusive.....

264

TABLE XI.-Cotton imported into Great Britain from various countries, quantity

re-exported, and Stock on hand, December 31, from 1840 to 1858, inclusive;

Also, average Weekly consumption of Cotton in Europe, from 1850 to 1858,

inclusive..

266

TABLE XII.-Cotton is King, Summary statement of the value of exports of

the growth, produce, and manufacture of the United States, for the year

ending June 30, 1859; The productions of the North and of the South,

respectively, being placed in opposite columns; and the articles of a mixed

origin being stated separately.....

267

LIBERTY AND SLAVERY: OR, SLAVERY IN THE LIGHT OF
MORAL AND POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY.

Introduction.....

271

CHAPTER I.

THE NATURE OF CIVIL LIBERTY.

The commonly-received definition of Civil Liberty; Examination of the com-

monly-received definition of Civil Liberty; No good law ever limits or

abridges the Natural Liberty of Mankind; The distinction between Rights

and Liberty; The Relation between the State of Nature and Civil Society;

Inherent and Inalienable Rights; Conclusion of the First Chapter...... 273

CHAPTER II.

THE ARGUMENTS AND POSITIONS OF ABOLITIONISTS.

The first fallacy of the Abolitionists; The second fallacy of the Abolitionists;
The third fallacy of the Abolitionists; The fourth fallacy of the Abolitionists,
The fifth fallacy of the Abolitionists; The sixth fallacy of the Abolitionists;

The seventh fallacy of the Abolitionists; The eighth fallacy of the Aboli-

tionists; The ninth fallacy of the Abolitionists; The tenth, eleventh, twelfth,

thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, and sixteenth fallacies of the Abolitionists;

or their seven arguments against the right of a man to hold property in his

fellow-man; The seventeenth fallacy of the Abolitionists; or, the Argument

from the Declaration of Independence....
290

CHAPTER III.

THE ARGUMENT FROM THE SCRIPTURES.

The Argument from the Old Testament; The Argument from the New

Testament.....
337

CHAPTER IV.

THE ARGUMENT FROM THE PUBLIC GOOD.