Optical Properties of Diamond: A Data HandbookThe unique properties of diamond are responsible for its pre-eminence as a gemstone, and give it a glamour and attraction unprecedented for any other mineral. As the first member of group IV of the periodic table of elements, carbon, in its crystalline form as diamond, has also fascinated scientists for at least 300 years. Many experimental techniques have been employed in the study of diamond, and of these, optical spectroscopy has proven one of the most fruitful. The absorption line at 415 nm, characteristic of "Cape Yellow" diamonds, was first documented by Walter in 1891. Further work on this absorption, now known as "N3", by the Indian school under Sir C. V. Raman in the 1930s and 1940s led to a basic understanding of the system, which they observed in both absorption and luminescence. The N3 center is a structural defect in the diamond, and the absorption of light occurs by exciting electrons in this defect from one well-defined energy state to another. When the electron returns to the original energy level, luminescence is produced. Detailed studies of natural diamonds over the subsequent 60 years have discovered large numbers of absorption and emission lines, characteristic of different defects. In 1904 Sir William Crookes showed that a colorless diamond could be turned green by long exposure to radium salts. |
Contents
I | 1 |
III | 4 |
IV | 5 |
V | 6 |
VII | 7 |
VIII | 8 |
XI | 9 |
XII | 13 |
L | 396 |
LI | 397 |
LII | 398 |
LIV | 399 |
LVII | 400 |
LIX | 401 |
LXI | 402 |
LXII | 405 |
XIII | 15 |
XV | 16 |
XVI | 19 |
XVIII | 23 |
XIX | 27 |
XX | 69 |
XXIV | 73 |
XXV | 121 |
XXVI | 125 |
XXVIII | 359 |
XXIX | 372 |
XXX | 377 |
XXXII | 379 |
XXXIII | 381 |
XXXIV | 383 |
XXXV | 384 |
XXXVI | 386 |
XXXIX | 389 |
XLII | 390 |
XLIII | 391 |
XLV | 392 |
XLVIII | 395 |
LXIV | 409 |
LXV | 410 |
LXVI | 413 |
LXVII | 423 |
LXVIII | 426 |
LXIX | 429 |
LXXI | 431 |
LXXII | 432 |
LXXIII | 434 |
LXXIV | 436 |
LXXV | 437 |
LXXVI | 439 |
LXXVII | 440 |
LXXVIII | 442 |
LXXX | 443 |
LXXXI | 444 |
LXXXII | 445 |
LXXXIII | 446 |
LXXXIV | 449 |
LXXXV | 463 |
Other editions - View all
Common terms and phrases
575 nm center A-aggregates of nitrogen A-band absorption spectrum annealing at temperatures band observed Bienemann-Kuespert Bokii boron broad band carbon center interacts center observed CL intensity cm¹ cm² cm³ Collins conduction band CVD diamond films Davies defect Diamond and Related diamond films grown diamond Raman line diamonds implanted diamonds irradiated dose electron-phonon coupling electronic transition eV band exciton feature is attributed FWHM Gippius GR1 center growth sectors H3 center HPHT ion implantation Kurdumov laser Lawson and Kanda low-nitrogen luminescence Malogolovets meV vibrations natural diamonds neutron irradiation nitrogen nitrogen atoms observed in natural observed in synthetic observed in type optical centers PCCVD peak Pereira phonon Phys PLE spectrum QUANTUM ENERGY Raman scattering Related Materials S2 center Sobolev spectral position Sternschulte subsequent annealing synthetic diamonds grown temperature gradient method type Ib type IIa diamonds valence band Varichenko vibrations of energy Vins wavelength WAVENUMBER Yelisseyev and Nadolinny