England in the Nineteenth Century (1815-1914)

agricultural Austria became Bentham Boer boroughs Britain British capital changes Chartism civil classes colonial common Conservative constitutional Corn Laws Crimean War decade demand Disraeli duties economic elections electoral Élie Halévy Empire English Englishmen Europe expansion export factory forces foreign France free trade freedom French G. D. H. Cole Germany growth House of Lords imperial important increase industrial interests Ireland Labour Party landed legislation Liberal London Lord John Russell Lord Palmerston Lord Salisbury Lower Canada manufacturing ment mid-Victorian middle-class million ministry monarchy movement municipal naval nineteenth century organization Palmerston Parlia Parliament parliamentary peace Peel period political Poor Law popular population principles problems protection public opinion radical Reform Bill repeal revolution Russell ships social Socialists society tion Tory towns trade unions Victorian England Victorian era vote W. E. Gladstone wages wars Waterloo wealth Whig whole workers working-class