Germanic Standardizations: Past to PresentAna Deumert, Wim Vandenbussche This volume presents a comparative, socio-historical study of the Germanic standard languages (Afrikaans, Danish, Dutch, English, Faroese, Frisian, German, Icelandic, Low German, Luxemburgish, Norwegian, Scots, Swedish, Yiddish as well as the Caribbean and Pacific Creole languages). Each of the 16 orginal chapters systematically discusses central aspects of the standardization process, including dialect selection, codification, elaboration and diffusion of the standard norm across the speech community, as well as incipient processes of de-standardization and re-standardization. The strongly comparative orientation of the contributions allow for the identification of broad similarities as well as intriguing differences across a wide range of historically and socially diverse language histories. Two chapters by the editors provide an overview of the theoretical background and rationale of comparative standardization research, and outline directions for further research in the area. The volume will be of interest to language historians as well as sociolinguists in general. |
Contents
Taxonomies and histories | 1 |
Afrikaans | 15 |
Caribbean Creoles | 41 |
Danish | 69 |
Dutch 35 | 93 |
English | 127 |
Faroese | 157 |
Frisian | 193 |
Low German | 281 |
Luxembourgish | 303 |
Norwegian | 331 |
Pacific Pidgins and Creoles | 355 |
Scots | 383 |
Swedish | 405 |
Yiddish | 431 |
Research directions in the study of language standardization | 455 |
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Common terms and phrases
Afrikaans Bislama Bokmål Cambridge Cape Dutch Caribbean Caribbean English codification context Copenhagen Creole languages cultural Danish Dano-Norwegian dialects dictionary domains edition eighteenth century elaboration emerged example Faroese language forms French Frisian language Fryske function German language grammar grammarians Hanseatic Haugen High German Icelandic important influence Jamaican Creole language planning language standardization Latin lexical lexicon linguistic literary loanwords Lübeck Lübeck Middle Low Luxembourg Luxembourgish Middle Low German modern Mühlhäusler nineteenth century northern Norway Norwegian Nynorsk official orthography Oslo Pidgins and Creoles political prestige pronunciation published reform regional Reykjavík Samnorsk schools Scots Scottish seventeenth century social society sociolinguistic southern speakers speech community spelling system spoken language spoken standard Standard English standard language standard norm standard variety status supra-regional Swedish Taal texts tion Tok Pisin Tórshavn tradition translation twentieth century University Press usage variation vernacular vocabulary Willemyns words writing written language written standard Yiddish