Pipeline Pigging TechnologyJ. N. H. Tiratsoo, John Tiratsoo This practical reference book attempts to answer many of the questions and problems associated with pigging and pipeline inspection technology applied to oil, gas and products pipelines both on- and offshore. The book discusses why, when and how to pig a line, intelligent pigs, interpreting data, economics, environmental considerations and risk assessment, and rehabilitation and repair. Among the new features of this edition are on-line inspection techniques, US regulations, inspection of the Trans Alaska pipeline, gel pig technology, interpreting intelligent pig results, on-line repair, internal cleaning and coating, and when to renew a pipeline. |
Contents
Why pig a pipeline? | 3 |
available technology | 17 |
US Government pipeline safety regulations | 31 |
US Federal pipeline safety regulations | 37 |
Pipeline design for pigging | 47 |
Preinspectionsurvey activities for magneticflux | 55 |
Pipecleaning pigging | 61 |
Pigging and inspection of flexible pipes | 67 |
available options and experience | 205 |
The history and application of foam pigs | 215 |
Pigging and chemical treatment of pipelines | 223 |
Specialist pigging techniques | 237 |
applications for commissioning | 243 |
Pigintoplace plugs and slugs | 251 |
63 | 259 |
70 | 266 |
Environmental considerations and risk assessment related | 79 |
Operational Experience | 84 |
A computerized inspection system for pipelines | 93 |
an operators view | 115 |
pigging 810km of subsea | 129 |
55 | 141 |
Inspection of the BP Forties sea line using the British | 143 |
Gellypig technology for conversion of a crude | 163 |
56 | 177 |
Corrosion inspection of the TransAlaska pipeline | 179 |
Ethylene pipeline cleaning integrity and metalloss | 189 |
59 | 202 |
Cableoperated and selfcontained ultrasonic pigs | 285 |
The assessment of pipeline defects detected during | 303 |
72 | 315 |
operational experience | 325 |
Corrosion surveys with the UltraScan pig | 335 |
Highaccuracy calliper surveys with the Geopig | 343 |
74 | 362 |
Recent advances in piggable wye design and applications | 365 |
Pigging characteristics of construction production | 385 |
79 | 404 |
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Common terms and phrases
analysis applications assessment bends British Gas brushes by-pass chemicals coating condition corrosion inhibitor corrosion rate crude oil cups damage debris defects degreaser dent deposits dewatering diameter differential pressure discs Dowell Schlumberger ethylene flexible fluid foam pig Frigg Frigg field gas pipelines Geopig girth weld hoop stress hydrotest inhibitor inspection pig installed intelligent pigs internal length liquid magnetic magnetic tape maximum mechanical pigs metal loss method monitoring nitrogen North Sea odometer offshore OIL MARINE PLC on-line inspection ovality paraffin performed pig run pig train pipe wall pipeline industry pipeline operator pipeline system pitting corrosion platform polly pig polymer problems programme reduce removal riser RPIT safety sealing sensors Sleipner slug sonar Statoil subsea technique Total Oil Marine transducer transit spool ultrasonic pigs valves velocity wall thickness Zeebrugge Zeepipe