Developmentalism, Socialism, and Free Market Reform: Three Decades of Income Distribution in Chile, Issue 1188How do the poorest 40 percent fare under market- oriented reform? Lower income groups suffer when real wages fall and unemployment increases. Then their situation improves as medium- term growth takes off and conditions improve in the labor market. A sort of Kuznets relation can be traced between reform and distribution. |
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1st Quintil 2nd Quin 3rd and 4th 3rd Quin 4th quintils Adjustment Alessandri Aylwin Administration bottom 40 percent Branko Milanovic capacity utilization CASEN Chilean Economy coefficient decline Distribución del Ingreso distribution in Chile Económico estimated Explanatory Variable fiscal GDP growth Govt Greater Santiago income distribution income groups Income Share 2nd Income Share Bottom Income Share Middle increase Inflation Rate labor market lagged SALMIN-1 Larraín low-income groups macroeconomic Meller middle-income groups Model I Model Oyarzo percentage points period Pinochet Regime political population public sector wages Quintil Income Share rate of capacity real minimum wage real wages redistribution Romaguera 1992 September 1993 Share 2nd Quintil Share 3rd Share Bottom 40 Share Middle 40 significant at 95 social expenditure social policies social programs social services social spending Solimano statistic under parenthesis structural reforms subsidies Table top 20 percent unemployment rate Universidad de Chile University of Chile Variable Income Share