63 Naumburg, in Route LXXVI. 2 Kamburg, on the Saal. It was through the defile in the rear of the castle of Dornburg that the French marched to outflank the Prussians at the battle of Jena, 1806. Bad road. 1 Jena, in Route LXXXVI. The Route continues to follow the pretty valley of the Saal, ascending it along the left bank of that river. 2. Kahla.-Inn, Stern. A town of 1200 inhabitants. On the opposite bank of the Saal stands the castle of Leuchtenberg. The next object worth mentioning is the ruined castle Orlamunde, on a hill beneath which the road passes. 21 Rudolstadt. Inns: Löwe; Adler; Ritter. The chief town of the principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, with a population of 4000. On the summit of an eminence nearly 200 ft. above the river, stands the Residence of the prince, the Castle of Heidechsburg, containing some pictures and a library. It has a Park called Ham attached to it. The Ludwigsburg in the town, containing a cabinet of natural history, and the Rathhaus, are the buildings most deserving of mention. At Schwarza, 3 miles above Rudolstadt, the river Schwarza joins the Saal. About 9 miles up this winding valley, on the summit of a bold precipitous rock, stands the Castle of Schwarzburg. The greater part of the building is modern, erected after a conflagration, 1726, but in the relic still preserved of the old castle, the Kaiser Saal is worth notice. It contains portraits of Roman emperors, from Julius Cæsar to Charles IV.! In the Arsenal is shown some ancient armour, including a suit attributed to the unfortunate Emperor Günther tor of the reigning princes. He was born in the picturesque castle Greifenstein, above the town of Blankenburg. There is a cross road from hence to the ruins of the Abbey of Paulinzelle, about 10 miles distant. It was founded 1105, by Pauline, daughter of the cup-bearer of the Empress Henry IV. It is finely situated in the depths of a forest. The church is a very interesting monument of the Byzantine or Romanesque style. 1 Saalfeld.- Inns: Der Goldene Anker, one of the oldest inns in Germany; the Emperor Charles V. put up here along with his prisoner the Elector John Frederick, June 27, 1547; Rautenkranz, in the suburb. Saalfeld is a very ancient walled town, in the midst of the Thuringian forest, and contains 4800 inhabitants. The Rathhaus in the market-place is a venerable Gothic edifice. The Gothic Church of St. John was built 1212, out of funds produced by the neighbouring gold mines of Reichmansdorf; the painted glass, and a colossal wooden statue of St. John in the interior, deserve mention. Near the town wall at the side of the Saal, are the ruins of the Sorbenburg, a fort built, according to tradition, to defend the frontier from inroads of the Sclavic barbarians (the Serbians and Wends). The old Ducal Castle, also within the town, is now the Mint. In the suburb outside the walls, is the more modern Château or Palace of the dukes of the extinct line of Saxe Saalfeld. The road now quits the banks of the Saal, and begins to ascend the central ridge of the Thüringer Wald. 2 Grafenthal.-Inns: Post; Weisses Ross. chess-boards, and the endless variety of articles for the amusement of children, which fill the toy shops of every quarter of the globe, and are commonly called Dutch toys. There are several manufactories of papier maché, to make dolls' heads and pipe heads: and one or two mills for grinding boys' marbles. Hones for sharpening | knives are prepared here out of a species of slate; and there is also a quarry, producing slate-pencils, in the neighbourhood. Altogether the trade in toys is supposed to produce 600,000 florins yearly. 1 Neustadt. Inn, Der Halbe Mond. 1 Coburg. (In Route XCIII.). In Nassau, Baden, Darmstadt, Frankfort, &c., accounts are kept in Florins or Gulden. 1 Florin 1s. 8d., contains 60 kreutzers. 3 kr. = ld. Gold Coins (rare). Fl. kr. Carolin (French Louis) Ducat = 11 6 to 12. = 5 24 to 36. The States of Southern and Western Germany, including Bavaria, Würtemberg, Baden, Hesse, and Frankfort, have recently combined to issue a uniform coinage. Florin Florin Florin New Silver Coinage. (N. B. 21 zwanzigers make 1 florin). 3s. 4d. and 1s. 8d. 8d. 0 12 = 0 4d. = 6 = 0 2d. 0 = Zwanziger Zwanziger Formerly the florin was an imaginary coin, and did not exist as a piece of money. The name zwanziger properly applies to Austria alone, where this coin goes for 20 kreutzers, and bears upon it the figure 20, the zwanziger or zehner for 10, and the for 5 kreutzers; while in Bavaria and Würtemberg they pass respectively for 24, 12, and 6 kr. Value of foreign coins in florins and kreutzers : — Brabant Dollars (originally struck by the Emperor of Austria in the Low Countries) are a very common coin, current without loss throughout Southern Germany. The table (E) at the beginning of this volume for reducing them into florins and kreutzers may be found useful. The postmaster in Mayence is authorised to charge 52 kr. for each horse per post. Baden 1 15 36 45 1 10 N. B. The above charges for Baden are copied from the authorised post-book; yet 3 florins are regularly paid for 2 horses per post: no extra charge, however, is made for tolls. The usual rate of travelling is a post in 1 hour to 11⁄2 hour, when the road is not very hilly. The distances to all the adjoining post stations are hung up in front of every post-house. Travellers usually pay the postillion 3 zwanzigers (1 fl. 12 kr. per post). Double the tariff is in most cases too much; on some roads, 1 fl. is quite enough when there are only 2 horses. N. B. An extra charge of 30 kr. per post is made by the postmaster, when a postboy, driving only 2 horses, is obliged to ride, and cannot sit on the box of the carriage. A light open carriage, holding 4 without heavy baggage, may be drawn by 2 horses: a heavy trunk counts as one person. A postchaise or calèche costs from 50 kr. to 1 florin a post. ROUTE XCV. ROUTES. A Schnellpost makes the journey to and from Frankfort every day, in about 12 hours, including one hour, during which it stops at Schwalbach, Lohnkutscher (§ 34.) may be found in abundance at all the wateringplaces. As soon as the Rhine is crossed by the bridge of boats at Coblenz (p. 247.), the road begins to wind round the back of Ehrenbreitstein, and afterwards ascends a high hill called the Rothe Hahn, or Ahrenberg. Near its summit is the frontier line of Prussia and Nassau, and an extensive view is commanded from the top. Since the accession of Nassau to the Prussian league (§ 30.), the customhouse has been removed from this spot. A steep descent, affording at every turn of the road prospects of great variety and beauty, into deep vine-and wood-covered valleys, leads to 2 EMS.-Inns and lodging-houses: The Ducal Bath House, called also the Kurhaus, is a huge rambling château, formerly the residence of the Duke, now converted into a lodginghouse: it contains more than 200 chambers, which are let, according to their size and situation, at from 48 kr. to 8 fl. a day. A very good room may be had for 1 fl. 30 kr.: the price of every room is painted on the door. There is a restaurateur attached to the house, and a daily table-d'hôte at 1, which, however, is not so good as that at some other inns, especially the H. de Russie. Those who intend to take up their their arrival to the Bad-, or Hausmeister, a species of steward, who has the charge of the establishment, and of the letting of the rooms, and who gives every information respecting vacancies and prices. The rent of these rooms returns a considerable annual revenue to the Duke of Nassau. Immediately under the Kurhaus rise two of the principal springs, the waters of which are used for drinking, and likewise supply the baths. The ground-floor of the building is a large vaulted gloomy hall, which serves at the same time as pump-room and place of promenade for the guests. During the season both sides are occupied by itinerant shop-keepers from all parts of the Continent, who here display their wares in a sort of bazaar. There are hardly any other shops in the place. In the lower story of this building are also situated the baths. A bath costs 36 kr. There are other baths in several of the lodging-houses. Persons not intending to make a long stay at Ems, will find it more lively and agreeable to take rooms in either the Die Vier Jahrzeiten, a new house, probably the best; - Hôtel de Russie, very good, or the Englische Hof (Hôtel d'Angleterre), the two latter inns have also tablesd'hôte daily. A dinner costs 1 fl., which is somewhat less than at the Kurhaus, and a bottle of good tablewine 48 kr. Das Mainzer Haus, on the left bank of the Lahn, is recommended as a quiet lodging-house, where visiters who seek retirement will meet with obliging treatment. There are good batlis and accommodation in the Vier Thurmen (Four Towers). The watering-place (§ 38.) Ems is very prettily situated on the Lahn, hemmed in between it and the cliffs of the Baederley, which recede from |