Why Humans Cooperate: A Cultural and Evolutionary ExplanationCooperation among humans is one of the keys to our great evolutionary success. Natalie and Joseph Henrich examine this phenomena with a unique fusion of theoretical work on the evolution of cooperation, ethnographic descriptions of social behavior, and a range of other experimental results. Their experimental and ethnographic data come from a small, insular group of middle-class Iraqi Christians called Chaldeans, living in metro Detroit, whom the Henrichs use as an example to show how kinship relations, ethnicity, and culturally transmitted traditions provide the key to explaining the evolution of cooperation over multiple generations. |
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Page 9
... costly intestines and altered our digestive chemistry. Such a reduction of digestive tissue may have freed energy for more ''brain building.'' In this way, human biology adapted to culturally transmitted behavior. The interaction is ...
... costly intestines and altered our digestive chemistry. Such a reduction of digestive tissue may have freed energy for more ''brain building.'' In this way, human biology adapted to culturally transmitted behavior. The interaction is ...
Page 10
... costly information hypothesis and on the evolution of specialized social learning mechanisms. The costly information hypothesis focuses on the evolutionary trade-oVs between acquiring accurate behavioral information at high cost and ...
... costly information hypothesis and on the evolution of specialized social learning mechanisms. The costly information hypothesis focuses on the evolutionary trade-oVs between acquiring accurate behavioral information at high cost and ...
Page 11
... costly to acquire, individuals will do better if they preferentially pay attention to, and learn from, people who are highly successful, particularly skilled, and/or well respected. Social learners who selectively learn from those more ...
... costly to acquire, individuals will do better if they preferentially pay attention to, and learn from, people who are highly successful, particularly skilled, and/or well respected. Social learners who selectively learn from those more ...
Page 14
... costly, it turns out that this strategy will be favored by natural selection even though it may allow neutral and even somewhat maladaptive traits to hitchhike along with adaptive cultural traits. Evidence of Selective Model-Based ...
... costly, it turns out that this strategy will be favored by natural selection even though it may allow neutral and even somewhat maladaptive traits to hitchhike along with adaptive cultural traits. Evidence of Selective Model-Based ...
Page 15
... costly). The pattern of results across all four experiments—vis-a`-vis the non-imitation control—shows the strength of our propensity for imitation: in round 2 of treatments 1 and 2, which can be compared directly to round 2 in the no ...
... costly). The pattern of results across all four experiments—vis-a`-vis the non-imitation control—shows the strength of our propensity for imitation: in round 2 of treatments 1 and 2, which can be compared directly to round 2 in the no ...
Contents
3 | |
7 | |
3 Evolutionary Theory and the Social Psychology of Human Cooperation | 35 |
History and the Community Today | 75 |
Kinship Explains Most Cooperative Behavior | 89 |
6 Cooperation through Reciprocity and Reputation | 109 |
7 Social Norms and Prosociality | 133 |
8 Culturally Evolved Social Norms Lead to ContextSpecific Cooperation | 157 |
10 Cooperative Dilemmas in the World Today | 205 |
The Underlying Structure of Cooperation | 215 |
Ethnographic Research Methods and Challenges | 219 |
Constructing the Ethnicity and Cooperation Indices | 225 |
Notes | 229 |
References | 241 |
Index | 255 |
InGroup Preferences and Cooperation | 175 |
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Why Humans Cooperate: A Cultural and Evolutionary Explanation Joseph Henrich,Natalie Henrich Limited preview - 2007 |
Why Humans Cooperate: A Cultural and Evolutionary Explanation Joseph Henrich,Natalie Henrich Limited preview - 2007 |
Common terms and phrases
altruistic Arabs aVect beliefs beneWts biases Chaldean community Chaldean language chapter coethnics conformist transmission context conWrm cooperative dilemma costly costs cues cultural evolution cultural group selection cultural learning culturally transmitted defect Detroit Dictator Game diVerent diYcult domains donations Dual Inheritance Theory economic environment ethnic group ethnic identity ethnic psychology ethnographic eVect evolved example experimental experiments explain favor genes give gossip grocers Henrich human identiWcation imitation immigrants indirect reciprocity individuals interaction interview involving inXuence Iraq kin psychology kinship Machiguenga markers metro Detroit models Natalie natural selection non-Chaldean one’s oVspring parents partners patterns payoVs person players population predictions preferences prosocial Public Goods Games punish norm violators reciprocity-based recycling rejected relatedness relationship relatives reputational information responder round share situations social groups social norms SouthWeld speciWc strategies success suYciently Telkaif theoretical tion Ultimatum Game vaccination variables Wgure Wnancial Wndings Wrst Wtness