Reforming Chile: Cultural Politics, Nationalism, and the Rise of the Middle ClassHighlighting the crucial yet largely overlooked role played by society's middle layers in the historical development of Latin America, Patrick Barr-Melej provides the first comprehensive analysis of the rise of Chile's middle-class reform movement and its |
Contents
A Troubled Belle Epoque | 19 |
Nationalists | 51 |
Rewriting Chile Criollismo and the Generation of 1900 | 77 |
Prose Politics and Patria from Alessandri to the Popular Front | 103 |
For Culture and Country MiddleClass Reformers in Public Education | 141 |
Teaching the Nation | 171 |
The Three Rs Readers Representations and Reformism | 211 |
Epilogue | 229 |
Notes | 239 |
| 267 | |
| 281 | |
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Common terms and phrases
administration Aguirre Cerda Alessandri argued became become believed Bello called campesinos Central century Chile Chilean chilenidad chileno civic education civil conservative considered countryside criollismo criollista critic cultural decades democratization demonstrated early economic Educación Edwards election elite Encina established example explains expressed foreign Historia huaso Ibid ideas important Institute instruction intellectuals interests Iquique issue July Labarca labor land landowners late later Latin Latorre leaders Liberal liceos literary literature Luis middle middle-class Ministry movement nationalist newspaper nineteenth notes oligarchic organization Parliamentary Republic Party patria patriotism pedagogical Pedro period political Popular president primary progressive published question race Radical reformers reformist regarding remained rural Santiago schools sentiments September served short social Socialist society stories suggests teachers tion twentieth unions University urban workers writing
Popular passages
Page 5 - And class happens when some men, as a result of common experiences (inherited or snared), feel and articulate the identity of their interests as between themselves, and as against other men whose interests are different from (and usually opposed to) theirs.
Page 1 - Las ideas adquieren alas potentes y veloces, no en el helado seno de la abstracción, sino en el luminoso y cálido ambiente de la forma.
Page 7 - It has continually to be renewed, recreated, defended, and modified. It is also continually resisted, limited, altered, challenged by pressures not at all its own. We have then to add to the concept of hegemony the concepts of counter-hegemony and alternative hegemony, which are real and persistent elements of practice.
Page 5 - The class experience is largely determined by the productive relations into which men are born or enter involuntarily. Class-consciousness is the way in which these experiences are handled in cultural terms: embodied in traditions, value-systems, ideas, and institutional forms.
Page 5 - I am convinced that we cannot understand class unless we see it as a social and cultural formation, arising from processes which can only be studied as they work themselves out over a considerable historical period.
Page 7 - Williams, a lived hegemony is always a process. It is not, except analytically, a system or a structure. It is a realized complex of experiences, relationships, and activities, with specific and changing pressures and limits. In practice, that is, hegemony can never be singular.
Page 9 - For him, the analysis of literary works reveals "those central problems with which man has been concerned at various times, permitting us to develop an image of a given society in terms of the individuals who compose it ... Literature tells us not only what a society was like in a past age, but also what the individual felt about it.