14 mandment of the Lord by the hand of Moses. And in the first [place] the standard of the camp of the children of Judah set forward according to their 15 hosts and over his host was Nahshon the son of Amminadab. And over the host of the tribe of the children of Issachar was Nethanel the son of Zuar. 16 And over the host of the tribe of the children of Zebulun was Eliab the son of 17 Helon. And the tabernacle was taken down; and the sons of Gershon and 18 the sons of Merari, who bare the tabernacle, set forward. And the standard of the camp of Reuben set forward according to their hosts: and over his host was 19 Elizur the son of Shedeur. And over the host of the tribe of the children of 20 Simeon was Shelumiel the son of Zurishaddai. And over the host of the tribe 21 of the children of Gad was Eliasaph the son of Deuel. And the Kohathites set forward, bearing the sanctuary: and [the other] did set up the tabernacle 22 against they came. And the standard of the camp of the children of Ephraim

set forward according to their hosts: and over his host was Elishama the son of 23 Ammihud. And over the host of the tribe of the children of Manasseh was 24 Gamaliel the son of Pedahzur. And over the host of the tribe of the children 25 of Benjamin was Abidan the son of Gideoni. And the standard of the camp of the children of Dan, which was the rearward of all the camps, set forward according to their hosts: and over his host was Ahiezer the son of Ammishaddai. 26 And over the host of the tribe of the children of Asher was Pagiel the son of 27 Ochran. And over the host of the tribe of the children of Naphtali was Ahira 28 the son of Enan. Thus were the journeyings of the children of Israel accordand they set forward.*

29

]

ing to their hosts; (J) [ . . . And Moses said unto Hobab, the son of Reuel the Midianite, Moses' father in law, We are journeying unto the place of which Yahweh said, I will give it you come thou with us, and we will do. thee good for Yahweh hath spoken good concerning 30 Israel. And he said unto him, I will not go; but I will depart to "mine own land, and to my kindred. 31 And he said, Leave us not, I pray thee; "forasmuch

52 10-16. Ex. 12:51. 7Vv. 12, 33. Ex. 2: 18; Jud. 1: 16; 4: 11. 10 Gen. 12 16; 32: 10, 13; VS. 32. 11Gen. 121; 24:4, 7; 32: 10; 31: 3.

9Ex. 3: 8, 17, etc. 12Gen. 18 5, etc.

*Vv. 13-28, which simply repeat the imperatives of ii. 3-9, 10-16 in the past indicative, belong to the later supplementation of the priestly law (P3), and seem to have originated, like Ex. xxxv.-xl. after xxvff., or Num. vii, in pure delight in the endless elaboration of tedious detail characteristic of this extra

as thou knowest how we are to encamp in the wilderness, and thou shalt be to us instead of eyes. And it 32 shall be, if thou go with us, yea, it shall be, that what good soever Yahweh shall do unto us, the same will we do unto thee. [ . . . ]

14

(J) And they set forward from the mount of Yahweh, 33 three days' journey; and the ark of the covenant of (J) (Rp) Yahweh went before them three days' journey to (Rp) (J) seek out a resting place for them. 15 And the cloud 34 of Yahweh was over them by day, when they set forward from the camp.

And it came to pass, when the ark set forward, 35 that Moses said, Rise up, O Yahweh, and let thine enemies be scattered; and let them that hate thee flee before thee. And when it rested, he said, Re- 36 turn, O Yahweh, unto the ten thousands of the thousands of Israel.*

(E)—And the people were as 1murmurers, [speaking] evil 11

13 Ex. 34: 10. 17: 3.

14Dt. 133; Ct. 2: 17; 10: 21. 1514 14; Ex. 13: 21f. 1Ct. Ex. 15: 24;

ordinary school. (Cf. Ezra. If., Neh. 11. i; f., etc.) Vv. 13 and 28 are the characteristically repetitious seams by means of which the insertion is patched in; cf. Gen. xii. 8f.; xiii. 3f. and Ex. vi. 10-13, 28-30.

* Vv. 29-32 are only a fragment of J's parallel to the story of Jethro's visit, Ex. xviii (E). Both the account of how Hobab came to the camp at Sinai (except for the possible fragments incorporated in Ex. xviii), and of his answer to the prayer of Moses that he would be their guide to the camping-places in the desert, are omitted; the former, because it duplicated E; the latter because it contradicted P (1x. 17ff ).—Vs. 33 is manifestly corrupt in text, the language (see Couard, Z. A. W. xii. 1, p. 62) indicating the hand of Rp. But Rp. could not of course have spoken of the ark going before the host (cf. ch. ii.) of his own motion. The inconsistency with vs. 31 and awkwardness of the repetition "three days' journey" indicate an interference with the original, which may have declared the fulfilment of the promise Ex. xxxiii. 14. No sufficient reason appears to suspect traces of E, (Dillmann) here or in 35f., though the latter have no intrinsically decisive characteristics. To reject the whole of 33b, 34 as from R (Couard), is quite out of the question; cf. Dt. 1. 33; Ex. xiii. 21f., but especially Nu. xiv. 14, from which, and from vs. 35, we can see what the original form must have been. The poetic fragment vs. 35f., is of course very ancient, derived no doubt from the actual early practise, as well as from J's anthology.

8

in the ears of Yahweh : and when Yahweh heard it his anger was kindled; and the "fire of Yahweh burnt among them, 2 and devoured in the uttermost part of the camp. And the people cried unto Moses; and Moses *prayed unto Yahweh, 3 and the fire abated. And the name of that place was called Taberah because the fire of Yahweh burnt among them.— 4 (J) And the "mixed multitude that was among them fell a lusting: and the children of Israel also wept again, and said, 'Who shall give us flesh to eat? 5 We remember the fish, which we did eat in Egypt for nought; the cucumbers, and the melons, and the 6 leeks, and the onions, and the garlic: but now our soul is dried away; there is nothing at all: we have 7 nought save this manna to look to. And the manna was like coriander seed and the appearance thereof 8 as the appearance of 'bdellium. The people went about, and gathered it, and ground it in mills, or beat it in mortars, and seethed it in pots, and made cakes of it: and the taste of it was as the taste of 9 fresh oil. And when the dew fell upon the camp in 10 the night, the manna fell upon it. And Moses heard the people "weeping throughout their families, 12every man at the door of his tent and the anger of Yahweh was kindled greatly.*-[. . . ] and +Moses II was displeased. And Moses said unto Yahweh, Wherefore hast thou evil Bentreated thy servant? and wherefore have I not "found favor in thy sight, that thou layest the burden of all this people upon 12 me? Have I conceived all this people? have I brought them forth, that thou shouldst say unto me, Carry

10

221:6. 320: 16; 22: 36, 41. 4Gen. 20: 7, 17 ch. 21 7. 5Dt. 9: 22. Ex. 12: 38. Cf. Ex. 16: 3. 8Cf. Ex. 16: 31, 14. 9Gen. 2: 12. 10Ex. 16:23; ct. VS. 21. 11 Vs. 4. 12(Ex. 33: 8, 10). 1310: 29 and refs. 14Ex. 3312 and refs. 15 Ex. 33: 1-3.

* The second clause of vs. 10a might suggest its belonging in the E connection (see ref.); vs. 1oba is too awkwardly placed to have stood originally thus. Insert before it the displaced vs. 13.

† Insert Vv. 10c-17 and 24-30 after Ex. xxxiii. 3 (see above p. 141ff; and cf. Dt. i. 8ff.). Vs. 17c is possibly from the hand of Rje, but see refs.

them in thy bosom, as a nursing-father carrieth the sucking child, unto the 16land which thou swarest unto their fathers?-Whence should I have flesh to 13 give unto all this people? for "they weep unto me, saying, give us flesh, that we may eat.-18I am not 14 able to bear all this people alone, because it is too heavy for me. And if thou deal thus with me, kill 15 me, I pray thee, out of hand, if I have found favor in thy sight; and let me not see my wretchedness.

23.

(E) 19 And Yahweh said unto Moses, Gather unto me 16 seventy men of the elders of Israel, whom thou knowest to be the elders of the people and officers over them; and bring them unto the tent of meeting, that they may stand there with thee. And I will come down and talk with thee 17 there and I will take of the spirit which is upon thee, and will put it upon them; 20and they shall bear the burden of the people with thee, that thou bear it not thyself alone.— (J) [ . . . ] And say thou unto the people, "Sanc- 18 tify yourselves against to-morrow, and ye shall eat flesh for ye have wept in the ears of Yahweh, saying, Who shall give us flesh to eat? for it was well with us in Egypt: therefore Yahweh will give you flesh, and ye shall eat. Ye shall not eat one day, 19 nor two days, nor five days, neither ten days, nor twenty days; but a whole month, until it come out 20 at your nostrils, and it be loathsome unto you: because that ye have "rejected Yahweh which is among you, and have wept before him, saying, Why came we forth out of Egypt? And Moses said, The people, 21 among whom I am, are six hundred thousand footmen; and thou hast said, I will give them flesh, that they may eat a whole month. Shall flocks and 22 herds be slain for them, to suffice them? or shall all the fish of the sea be gathered together for them, to suffice them?

26

24

16Ex. 33 1 and refs. "Vs. 4. 18Vs. 11f. and refs. 1f., 9; Dt. 1: 8ff. 20Ex. 8: 18, 22; cf. vv. II, 14. 21 23Vv. 4f. 24Vv. 31f. 2514: 11, 31. 26 Ex. 12:37.

19Ex. 12: 18ff; 33: 7-11; cf. Ex 24: Ex. 19: 22; Jos. 22 Ex. 8 20, 23. 3:5.

23

And Yahweh said unto Moses, Is Yahweh's hand waxed short? now shalt thou see whether my word 24 (E) shall come to pass unto thee or not-And Moses went out, and told the people the words of Yahweh : and he gathered seventy men of the elders of the people, and set 25 them round about the Tent. And Yahweh came down in the cloud, and spake unto him, and took of the spirit that was upon him, and put it upon the seventy elders and it came to pass, that, when the spirit rested upon them, they 26 prophesied, but they did so no more. But there remained two men in the camp, the name of the one was Eldad, and the name of the other Medad: and the spirit rested upon them; and they were of them that were written, but had not gone out unto the Tent: and they prophesied in the 27 camp. And there ran a young man, and told Moses, and 28 said Eldad and Medad do prophesy in the camp. And 29 Joshua the son of Nun, the minister of Moses, one of his chosen men,* answered and said, My lord Moses, forbid 29 them. And Moses said unto him, Art thou jealous for my sake? would God that all Yahweh's people were prophets, 30 that Yahweh would put his spirit upon them! And Moses gat him into "the camp, he and the elders of Israel.— 31 (J) And there went forth a wind from Yahweh and brought quails from the sea, and let them fall by the camp, about a day's journey on this side, and a day's journey on the other side, round about the camp, and 32 about two cubits above the face of the earth. And the people rose up all that day, and all the night, and all the next day, and gathered the quails: he that gathered least gathered ten homers and they spread them all abroad for themselves round about

27 Ex. 33:9; Nu. 12:5; Dt. 31: 15. 14f. 31Ex. 10:13, 19; 14: 21. 32Ex.

28 Vs. 17. 16 18.

29 Ex. 24:13; 32: 17; 33: 11.

30 Nu. 12:

* Translate with R. V. margin, "from his youth;" cf. Ex. xxxiii. 10. This characterization of Joshua, as against the introduction in Ex. xvii. 8ff. shows this passage to have originally stood first.

† I. e. flying so low as to be within easy reach.