—nỏ, mỏve, når, nôt;-tůbe, tåb, båll ;-ôîl ;-påånd ;—thin, THIS.

PERIAPT, pêr'rè-åpt. s. Amulet, charm worn || PERISTALTICK, pêr-é-stål'tîk. a. Peristaltick as a preservative against diseases or mischief. Obsolete.

PERICARDIUM, pêr-è-kår'dè-àm. s. 293. The Pericardium is a thin membrane of a conick figure that resembles a purse, and contains the || heart in its cavity.

motion is that vermicular motion of the guts,
which is made by the contraction of the spiral
fibres, whereby the excrements are pressed
downwards and voided.

PERISTERION, pêr-is-tè'rè-ân. s. The herb
The pause

vervain.

PERISYSTOLE, pêr-è-sis'tò-lè. s.

or interval betwixt the two motions of the heart or pulse. This

PERITONEUM, per-è-tỏ-nèảm. s. 503,

PERICARPIUM, pêr-è-kår'pè-ům. s. In Botany,
a pellicle or thin membrane encompassing the
fruit or grain of a plant.
PERICLITATION, ˆ pêr-è-klè-ta'shản. s. The
state of being in danger; trial, experiment.
PERICRANIUM, pêr-¿-krà'nè-úm. s. The Per-
icranium is the membrane that covers the skull.
PERICULOUS, pè-rik'kù-lås. a. 314. Danger-To
ous, hazardous.
PERIGEE, pêr'è-jèè.

s. Is a point in the

heavens, wherein a planet is said to be in its
nearest distance possible from the earth.-See]
EUROPEAN.

PERIHELIUM, pêr-è-hè'lè-âm. s. Is that point
of a planet's orbit, wherein it is nearest the sun.
PERIL, pêr'ril. s. Danger, hazard, jeopardy ;
denunciation, dangër denounced.
PERILOUS, pêr'ril-us. a. 314. Dangerous, ha-
zardous, full of danger: it is used by way of
emphasis, or ludicrous exaggeration of any
thing bad; smart, witty In this last sense
out of use.

lies immediately under the muscles of the lower belly, and is a thin and soft membrane, which encloses all the bowels.

PERJURE, pêr'jàre. v. a. To forswear, to taint with perjury.

PERJURER, për'júr-år. s. 98. One that swears
falsely.
PERJURY, pêrjúr-è. s. False oath.
PERIWIG, pêr'rè-wig. s. Adscititious hair for
the head; hair not natural, worn by way of
ornament, or concealment of baldness.
To PERIWIG, pér'rè-wig. v. a. To dress in false
hair.

PERIWINKLE, pêr'rè-wîn-kl. s. A small shell
fish, a kind of sea snail.
To PERK, pêrk. v. n.

an affected briskness.

To hold up the head with

To PERK, pêrk. v. a. To dress, to prank.
PERLOUS, pêr'lås. a. Dangerous, full of hazard.
Now written Perilous.

}

IF This word is commonly, but improperly written with double l, perillous, as it comes from||PERMANENCE, pêr'mâ-nênse. the French perileux. s. Duration, PERMANENCY, permẳ-nên-sẻ. PERILOUSLY, pêr'ril-is-lè. ad. Dangerously. consistency, continuance in the same state. PERILOUSNESS, pêr'ril-as-nês. 8. Dangerous-PERMANENT, pêr'må-nẻnt. a. Durable, not

ness.

PERIMETER, pè-rîm'mè-tår. s. 98. The compass or sum of all sides which bound any figure of what kind soever, whether rectilinear or

mixed. PERIOD, pè'rè-âd. s. 166. A circuit; time in which any thing is performed, so as to begin again in the same manner; a stated number of years, a round of time at the end of which the things comprised within the calculation shall return to the state in which they were at the beginning; the end or conclusion; the state at which any thing terminates; length of duration; a complete sentence from one full stop

to another.

To PERIOD, pè'rè-åd. v. a. To put an end to.
An affected word.

decaying, unchanged.

PERMANENTLY, pêr'mâ-nễnt-lẻ. ad. Durably, lastingly.

Continuance.

PERMANSION, pêr-mân'shân. s.
PERMEABLE, pêr'mè-â-bl. a. 405. Such as
may be passed through.

PERMEANT, pêr'mè-ånt. a. Passing through.
To PERMEATE, pêr'mè-åte. v. a.
To pass
through.
PERMEATION, pêr-mè-à'shûn s. The act of
passing through.

PERMISCIBLE, pêr-mis'sè-bl. a. Such as may
be mingled.

PERMISSIBLE, për-mîs'sè-bl. a. What may by permitted.

PERMISSION, pêr-mish'ân. s. Allowance, grant of liberty.

PERMISSIVE, pêr-mis'siv. a. 158. Granting li berty, not favouring; not hindering, thougu not approving; granted, suffered without hin derance, not authorized or favoured.

PERIÓDICK, pè-rè-ôdîk. 509. PERIODICAL, pé-ré-ôd'de-kál.a.Circular, making a circuit, making a revolution; happening by revolution at some stated time; regular, performing some action at stated times; rela-||PERMISSIVELY, për-mis'siv-lè. ad. By baie ting to periods or revolutions. PERIODICALLY, pè-rè-ôd'dè-kâl-è. ad. At stated periods.

PERIOSTEUM, pêr-è-ôs'tshẩm. s. All the bones are covered with a very sensible membrane called the Periosteum.

allowance, without hinderance. ||PERMISTION, pêr-mis tshån. s. 464. The act of mixing.

To PERMIT, pêr-miť. v. a. To allow without command; to suffer without authorizing or ap proving; to allow, to suffer, to give up, to re sign. In this last sense not very properly used

PERIPHERY, pe-rif'fè-rè. s. Circumference.
PERIPHRASIS, pè-rif'frâ-sis. s. 520. Circumlo-PERMIT, pêr mît. s. 492. A written permission

cution; use of many words to express the sense of one.

PERIPHRASTICAL, pèr-rè-frâs'tè-kål. a. Cir-
cumlocutory, expressing the sense of one word

PERIPNEUMONY, pêr-îp-nù'mỏ-nè.
PERIPNEUMONIÁ, për-ip-nù-mỏ ́nè-â

}

S.

-See PATHOGNOMONICK. An inflammation of the lungs. To PERISH, për'rish. v. n. To die, to be destroyed, to be lost, to come to nothing; to be in a perpetual state of decay; to be lost eternally. PERISHABLE, pêr'rish-â-bl. a. 405. Liable to perish, subject to decay, of short duration. PERISHABLENESS, per'rish-å-bl-nés. s. Liableness to be destroyed liableness to decay`

☞ 559.—Fate, får, fåll, fất;—mẻ, mêt ;-plne ;-pin,

PERNICIOUSNESS, pêr-nish'ůs-nes. s. The But that before the time of Milton the spelling
quality of being pernicious.
and accentuation had been changed.
PERNICITY, per-nis'sè-tè. s. Swiftness, celerity." Whence heavy persecution shall arise
PERORATION, pêr-d-rà'shản. s. The conclu-"Of all who in the worship persevere
sion of an oration.
"Of spirit and truth.".

To PERPEND, pêr-pênd'. v. a. To weigh in
the mind, to consider attentively.
PERPENDICULAR, pêr-pên-dik'b-lâr. a. Cross-
ing at right angles; cutting the horizon at right
angles.
PERPENDICULAR, pêr-pên-dîk'u-lår. s. A
line crossing the horizon at right angles.
PERPENDICULARLY,
pêr-pên-dik'ku-lâr-lè.
ad. In such a manner as to cut another line at
right angles; in the direction of a straight line
up and down.
PERPENDICULARITY, per-pên-dîk-ů-lâr'è-tè.
s. The state of being perpendicular.
PERPENSION, per-pen'shan. s. Consideration.
To PERPETRATE, pêr'pè-tråte. v. a.
mit, to act. Always in an ill sense.
PERPETRATION, pêr-pè-trà'shân. s.
of committing a crime; a bad action.
PERPETUAL, pêr-pêt'tshủ-âl. a. 461.
ceasing; continual, uninterrupted.
PERPETUALLY, për-pêt'tshd-al-lè. ad. Con-
stantly, continually, incessantly.
To PERPETUATE, per-pet'tshu-åte. v. a. To||
make perpetual, to preserve from extinction,
to eternize; to continue without cessation or
intermission.

To com

The act

Never

PERPETUATION, per-pêt-tshů-à'shân. s. The act of making perpetual, incessant continuance. PERPETUITY, per-pè-tu'è-tè. s. Duration to all futurity; exemption from intermission or cessation; something of which there is no end. For the reason why the t is not aspirated, in this word, see FUTURITY.

To PERPLEX, pêr-plêks'. v. a. To disturb with doubtful notions, to entangle, to embarrass, to make intricate.

PERPLEXEDLY, pêr-plêks'êd-lè. ad. 364. Intricately, with involution.

PERPLEXEDNESS, per-pleks'êd-nês. s. 365. Embarrassment, anxiety; intricacy, involution, difficulty.

PERPLEXITY, pêr-plêks'è-tè. 8. Anxiety, distraction of mind; entanglement, intricacy. PERPOTATION, pêr-pò-tă'shån. s. The act of drinking largely.

An accu

PERQUISITE, pêr'kwiz-it. s. 156. Something
gained by a place or office over and above the
settled wages.
PERQUISITION, pèr-kwè-zish'ân. s.
rate inquiry, a thorough search.
PERRY, pêr'rẻ. s. Cider made of
To PERSECUTE, pêr'sè-kåte. v. a. To harass
with penalties, to pursue with malignity; to
pursue with repeated acts of vengeance or en-
mity; to importune much.

pears.

PERSECUTION, pêr-sè-ku'shån. s. The act or practice of persccuting; the state of being per. secuted.

PERSECUTOR, pêr'sẻ-ků-tôr. s. 98. One who harasses others with continued malignity. PERSEVERANCE, për-sè-vè'rânse. s. Persistance in any design or attempt, steadiness in pursuits, constancy in progress. PERSEVERANT, pêr-se-vé'rânt. a. Persisting,

constant.

To PERSEVERE, pêr-sè-vère'. v. n. To persist in an attempt, not to give over, not to quit the design. IF Mr. Nares observes, that this word was anciently written persever, and accented on the second syllable.

sky thou art mine, "My love, as it begins, so shall persever." All's well, &c. Act IV. « Persever not, but hear me, mighty kings.' King John, Act II. "But in her pride she doth persever still.' Spenser.

Par. Lost, xii. v. 532. As this word is written at present, there can be no doubt of its pronunciation; and that it is very properly written so appears from other words of the same form. Declare, respire, explore, procure, &c. from declaro, respiro, exploro, procuro, &c. and consequently from persevero ought to be formed persevere: not one of our orthöepists places the accent on the second syllable; yet such is the force of prescription, that the old pronunciation is not entirely rooted out, especially in Ireland, where this pronunciation is still prevalent.

PERSEVERINGLY pêr-sè-vére'ing-lè. ad. With

perseverance.

To PERSIST, pêr-sist'. v. u. 447. To persevere,
to continue firm, not to give over.
PERSISTANCE, per-sis'tânse.
PERSISTENCY, për-sis'tên-sẻ.

S. The state of persisting, steadiness, constancy, per severance in good or bad; obstinacy, contu

macy.

PERSISTIVE, pêr-sis'tiv. a. 157. Steady, not receding from a purpose, persevering. PERSON, pêr s'n's 70 Individual or parti cular màn ot woma). iman veing; a general loose term for a numan being; one's self, not a representative; exterior appearance; man or woman represented in a fictitious dialogue, character; character of office: in Grammar, the quality of the noun that modifies the verb See PARSON.

PERSONABLE, pêr'sůn-å-bl. a.. Handsome graceful, of good appearance.

As the o in person is sunk, as in season, treason &c. so this word being a compound of our own, and personage coming to us from the French, we generally suppress the o; but as personal, personate, &c. come to us from the Latin, we generally preserve the o. This is the best reason I can give for the slight difference we find in the pronunciation of these words; and if anv one is inclined to think we ought to preseTM the o distinctly in all of them, except person and even in this, on solemn occasions, I have not the least objection.

PERSONAGE, pêr'sân-idje. s. 90. A considera ble person, man or woman of eminence; exte rior appearance, air, stature; character assumed; character represented. PERSONAL, pêr'sûn-âÎ. a. 88. Belonging to meu or women, not to things, not real; affecting individuals or particular people, peculiar, proper to him or her, relating to one's private actions or character; present, not acting by representative; exterior, corporal: in Law, something moveable, something appendant to the person: in Grammar, a personal verb is that which has all the regular modifications of the three persons, opposed to impersonal that has only the third. ||PERSONALITY, pêr-so-nál'lè-tè. s. The existence or individuality of any one. PERSONALLY, për'sân-âl-lè. ad. In person, in presence, not by representative; with res pect to an individual, particularly; with regard to numerical existence. To repre

To PERSONATE, pêr'sân-åte. v. a.

sent by a fictitious or assumed character, so as to pass for the person represented; to represent by action or appearance, to act; to pretend hypocritically, with the reciprocal pro noun; to counterfeit, to feign; to resemble, to make a representative of as in a picture Out of use. See PERSONABLE. PERSONATION, për-sån-à'shân. s Counter feiting of another person

—nỏ, môve, nỗr, nốt ;tuộc, tôi, bùi; Oil;-pound, thun, TH!s.

PERSONIFICATION, pêr-son-nẻ-fè-ká'shân. s.

To PERSONIFY, pêr-son'nè-fì. v. a. To change
from a thing to a person.
PERSPECTIVE, per-spêk'tiv. s. A glass through
which things are viewed; the science by which
things are ranged in a picture, according to
their appearance in their real situation; view,

visto.

This word, as may be seen in Johnson, was generally accented by the poets on the first sylTable; but the harshness of this pronunciation arising from the uncombinable consonants in the latter syllables, has prevented this pronunciation from gaining any ground in prose; and it were much to be wished that the same reason had prevented the initial accentuation of similar words. See IRREFRAGABLE, CORRUPTIBLE, ACCEPTABLE, &c.

PERSPECTIVE, pêr-spektiv. a. Relating to the science of vision, optick, optical. PERSPICACIOUS, pêr-spè-ka'shus. a. Quick sighted, sharp of sight. Mentally applied. PERSPICACIOUSNESS, pêr-spè-ka'shús-nês.

Quick

s. Quickness of sight.
PERSPICACITY per-spé-kas ́sċ-tè.' s.
ness of sight. It relates to mental sight.
PERSPISCIENCE, per pish'è-ênse s. The act
of looking sharply. Le used.
PERSPICIL, për'spè-sil. s. A glass through
which things are viewed, an optick glass.
PERSPICUITY, për-spè-ko'è-tè. s. Clearness to
the mind, easiness to be understood, freedom
from obscurity or ambiguity transparency.
PERSPICUOUS, pêr-spik'ki-ås. a. Transparent,
clear, such as may be seen through; clear to
the understanding, not obscure, not ambiguous.
PERSPICUOUSLY, pêr-spîk'kù-âs-lè. ad. Clear-
ly, not obscurely.

PERSPICUOUSNESS, pêr-spik'kù-ûs-nês.
Clearness without obscurity.

S.

PERSPIRABLE, pêr-spl'rå-bl. a. Such as may
be emitted by the cuticular pores; perspiring,
emitting perspiration.

PERSPIRATION, pêr-spè-rà'shan. s. Excretion
by the cuticular pores.
PERSPIRATIVE, per-språ-tiv. a. 512. Per-
forming the act of perspiration.

To PERŠPIRE, pêr-spire'. v. n. To perform ex-
cretion by the cuticular pores; to be excreted
by the skin.

PERSUADABLE pêr-swà'då-bl. a. Such as may be persuaded.

stubborn; perversely resolute; resolute, col; stant, steady.

8

PERTINACIOUSLY, pêr-tè-nå'shûs-lè. ad Ch
stinately, stubbornly.
PERTINACITY, pêr-te-nas'sè-té.
PERTINACIOUSNESS, pêr-tè-nå'shûs-nês.
Obstinacy, stubbornness; resolution, constancy,
PERTINACY, pêr'tè-na-sẻ. s. Obstinacy, stub
bornness, persistency; resolution, steadiness,

constancy.

8. Just,

PERTINENCE, pêr'tè-nense.
PERTINENCY, pêr'tè-nên-sè.
ness of relation to the matter in hand, proprie.
ty to the purpose, appositeness.
PERTINENT, pêr'tè-nent. a. Related to the
matter in hand, just to the purpose, apposite
relating, regarding, concerning.
PERTINENTLY, pêr'tê-nënt-lè. ad, Appositery,
to the purpose.

PERTINENTNESS, pêr'tè-nênt-uês. s, Appo-
siteness.

PERTINGENT, pêr-tin'jent. a. Reaching to touching.

PERTLY, pêrt'lè. ad. Briskly, smartly; saucily, petulently.

PÊRTNESS, pêrt'nês. s. Brisk folly, sauciness, petuience; petty liveliness, sprightliness with out force.

PERTRANSIENT, pêr-trån'she-Ent. a. Passing.

To PERTURBATE, pêr-tår båte.
To disquiet, to disturb; to disorder, to cope
fuse.

PERTURBATION, pêr-tur-ba'shan. s. Disquiet
of mind; restlessness of passions; disorder;
cause of disquiet; commotion of passions.
PERTURBATOR, për-tår-bà'tür. s. S14. Raiser
PERTUSION, pêr-tú'zhůn. s. The act of piere
ing or punching; hole made by punching or
piercing.

of commotions.

To PERVADE, pêr-våde'. v. a. To pass through
an aperture, to permeate; to pass through the
whole extension.
PERVASION, për-vá’zhan. s. The act of per
vading or passing through.
PERVERSE, pêr-verse'. a. Distorted from the
right; obstinate in the wrong, stubborn, un
tractable; petulant, vexatious.

PERVERSELY, pêr-vêrs'lé. ad. Peevishly, vex-
atiously, spitefully, crossly.
PERVERSENESS, pêr-vers'nês. s Petulance,
peevishness, spiteful crossness.
PERVERSION, për-verstun. s. The act of per
verting, change to something worse.
PERVERSITY, pêr-ver'sè-tè. s. Perverseness,
To PERVERT, pêr-vêrt'. v. a. To distort from
the true end or purpose; to corrupt, to turn
from the right.

crossness.

PERVERTER, pêr-vért'år. s. 98. One that changes any thing from good to bad, a cor? rupter; one who distorts any thing from the right purpose.

fo PERSUADE, pêr-swåde'. v. a. 331. To bring to any particular opinion; to influence by ar gument or expostulation.-Persuasion seems rather applicable to the passions, and Argument to the reason; but this is not always observed. To inculcate by argument or expostulation. PERSUADER, pêr-swà'dür. s. 98. One who influences by persuasion, an importunate adviser. PERSUAŠIBLE, pêr-swa'zè-bl. a. 439 To be influenced by persuasion. PERSUASIBLENESS, pêr-swa'zè-bl-nês. s. 439. The quality of being flexible by persuasion. FERSUASION, pêr-swa'zhún s. The act of persuading, the act of influencing by expostulation, the act of gaining or attempting the pas-PERVICACIOUS, pêr-vè-ka'shus. a. Spitefully sions; the state of being persuaded, opinion. PERSUASIVE, per-swà'siv. a. 428. Having the power of persuading, having influence on the passions. PERSUASIVELY, për-swå'sîv-lè. ad. In such a manner as to persuade. PERSUASIVENESS, pèr-swà'siv-nês, s. Influence on the passions,

PERSUASOKY, për-swà'sår-è. a. 429, 512, 557.
Having the power to persuade.
PERT, pêrt. a. Brisk, swart; saucy.

To PERTAIN, për-tane'. v. n. To belong, to re

late to PERTINACIOUS, pêr-tè-nd'shûs. a. Obstinate,

D

PERVERTIBLE, për-vêrt'tè-bl. a. That máy be easily perverted.

obstinate, peevishly contumacious. PERVICACIOUSLY, pêr-vè-ka'shûs-lè. ad, With spiteful obstinacy.

PERVICACIOUSNESS, pêr-vè-ka'shús-
nês. 292.

PERVICACITY, pêr-vè-kás'sè-tè.
Spiteful obstinacy.
PERVIOUS, pêr'vě-ås. a.

Admitting passage, capable of being permeated, pervading, per meating.

PERVIOUSNESS, pêr'vè-ůs-nès. s. Quality of admitting a passage.

PERUKE, pêr'ruke. s. A cap of false bair, periwig.

IF 559.-Fåte, tår, råll, fắt ;—mê, mẻt ;—pine, pin ;—

PERUKEMAKER, pêr'råke-må-kår. 8. A maker || PETRIF ACTION, pêt-trè-fåk'shůn. s. The act of perukes, a wigmaker. of turning to stone, the state of being turned to stone; that which is made stone.

PERUSAL, pé-ru zâl. a. 88. The act of reading.

To PERUSÉ, pè-rùze'. v. a. To read; to ob-PETRIFACTIVE, pêt-trè-fâk'tỉv. a. Having the

serve, to examine.

PERUSER, pé-rů'zûr. 3. 93. A reader, examiner.
PEST, pêst. s. Plague, pestilence; any thing
mischievous or destructive.

To PESTER, pês'tûr. v. a. 98. To disturb, to
perplex, to harass; to encumber.
PÉSTERER, pês'tår-ûr. s. 555. One that pesters
or disturbs.

PESTEROUS, pês'tår-ås. a. 314. Encumbering;
troublesome.

PESTHOUSE, pêst'hôåse. s. An nospital for persons infected with the plague. PÉSTIFEROUS, pês-tif'fêr-us. a. Destructive; pestilential, infectious.

PESTILENCE, pês'tè-lênse. s. Plague, pest,
contagious distemper.

PESTILENT, pês'te-lênt. a. Producing plagues,
malignant; mischievous, destructive.
PESTILENTIAL, pês-tè-lên'shål. a. Partaking
of the nature of pestilence, producing
lence, infectious, contagious; mischievous, de-
structive.

power to form stone.

PETRIFICATION, pêt-trè-fè-ká ́shẳn. s. A body formed by changing other matter to stone. PETRIFICK, pè-trifˇfîk. a. 509. Having the power to change to stone.

Tổ PETRIFY, pêt'trẻ-fi. v. a. 183. To change

to stone.

v. n.

}

To PETRIFY, pêt'trè-fl. v. n. To become stone.
PETROL, pè'trôl.
PETROLIUM, pè-trò lẻ-âm.
S A bituminous
substance somewhat resembling naphtha, but
less fluid: it is wholly or in part transparent,
and of a reddish brown colour.

PETRONEL, pêt'trò-nél. s. A pistol, a small
gun used by a horseman.

PETTICOAT, pêt'té-kote. s. The lower part of a woman's dress.

PETTIFOGGER, pêt'tè-fog-går. s. A petty

small-rate lawyer.

pesti-PETTINESS, pet'tè-nês. 3. Smallness, littleness,
inconsiderableness, unimportance.
PETTISH, pet tish. a. Frtful, peevish.
PETTISHNESS, pet'tish-nẻs. ́s. Fretfulness,
peevishness.

PESTILENTLY, pês'tè-lênt-lè. ad. Mischievous-
ly, destructively.

PESTILLATION, pês-til-la'shun. s. The act of
pounding or breaking in a mortar.
PÉSTLE, pês'tl. s. 472. An instrument with
which any thing is broken in a mortar.
PET, pêt. s. A slight passion, a slight fit of
anger; a lamb taken into the house, and brought
up by hand; any animal tamed and much
fondled; a favourite.

To PET, påt. v. a To spoil by too much fondling.
PETAL, pè'tâl, or pet'âl. s. Petal is a term in
Petal is a term in
Botany, signifying those fine-coloured leaves
that compose the flowers of all plants. The
leaf of a flower, as distinguished from the leaf
of a plant.

PETTITOES, pêt'tè-tòze. s. The feet of a suck ing pig; feet, in contempt. ||PETTO, pet'to. ad. In Petto Italian. The breast; figurative of privacy. PETTY, pet'té. a. Small, inconsiderable, little. PETTYCOY, pet'tè-kōè. s. An herb. PETULANCE, pêt'tshu-lânse. PETULANCE, pet'thu-lânse. S. Sauciness, peevishness, wantonness.

PETULANT, pêt'tshu-lânt. a. 461. Saucy, per

verse, wanton.

PETULANTLY, pêt'tshù-lant-le. ad. With pe-
tulance, with saucy pertness.
PEW, pú. s. A seat enclosed în a church.
PEWET, pe'wit. s. 99. A water fowl; the lap-
wing.
PEWTER, pu'tår. s. 98. A compound of metals,
an artificia! metal; the plates and dishes in a
house.
PEWTERER, på'tår-år s. A smith who works
in pewter.

I must retract my former pronunciation of the first syllable of this word with Mr. Sheridan and Mr. Perry, and join Dr. Kenrick and Mr. Scott, who make the e long. In all words of this form we ought to incline to this pronunciation, from its being so agreeable to analogy. Let it not be pretended that the e in the Latin petalum is short; so is the a in labellum, and the in li-PHENOMENON, fè-nôm'è-nôn. s. This has bellus, which yet in the English label and libel sometimes Phænomena in the plural. we pronounce long. But however right the pearance in the works of nature. long sound of e may be by analogy, I am ap-PHALANX, falánks, or fållarks. s. prehensive that, as in Pedals, the short sound is in more general use.-See PEDALS. PETALOUS, pêt'tâ-lås. a. 503. Having petals. PETAR, pé-tár'. PETARD, pè-tård'. S. A piece of ord

nance resembling a high-crowned hat, chiefly used to break down a barrier. PETECHIAL, pè-tè’kè-âl. a. 353. Pestilentially spotted.

PETER-WORT, pè'tår-wart. s. A plant somewhat different from St. John's-wort. PETITION, pè-tish'ân. s. Request, entreaty, supplication, prayer; single branch or article of a prayer.

To PETITION, pè-tish'an v. a. To solicit, to supplicate.

PETITIONARILY, pè-tish'au-â-ré-lè. ad. By way of begging the question.

PETITIONARY, pẻ-tishân-đ-rẻ. a. Supplicatory, coring with petitions; containing petitions or requests.

PETITIONER, pè-tỉsh'â...-år. s. 98. One who offers a petition.

PETITORY, pët'tè-tür-è. a. 512. Petitioning,
claiming the property of any thing.

For the o, see DOMESTICK.
PETRE, peter. s. 416. Nitre, saltpetre.
PETRESCENT, pè-trẻs'sênt. a. 510. Growing
gung, brroming stone

of men closely embodied.

An ap

A troop

The second manner of pronouncing this word is more general; but the first is more analogi cal. If, when we pronounce a Latin or Greek word of two syllables, having a single consonant between two vowels, we always make the first vowel long; it is very natural, when such a word is transplanted whole into our own language, to pronounce it in the same manner. That the quantity of the original has very little to do in this case, may be seen under the word DRAMA, 544; and yet nothing but an absurd regard to this could have influenced the generali ty of speakers to pronounce this word with the first vowel short, contrary to the old genuine analogy of our own language, as Dr. Wallis calls it, and contrary to the inanner in which we pronounce the word in the original; for though local, favour, and labour, have the first vowel short in the Latin loculis, favor, and labor, we pronounce them both in Latin and English according to our own analogy, with the o and a long and open. The sanie may be observed of words from the Greek. In the word in question, therefore, the authority of Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, and Dr. Ash, who make the finst wowel long, ought to outweigh that of Dr. Ken, Mr. Perry, Futick, and Buchanan who

--nỏ, môve, når, nôt;-tåbe, tåb, båll ;—õîl ;—põẩnd ;—thin, THIS.

PHANTASM, fån'tâzm.
fån-tâz'må.

PHANTASMA, fan-zaz'má.}

s. Vain and airy

appearance, something appearing only to im-
agination.

PHANTASTICAL, fân-tâs'tè-kål.
PHANTASTICK, fân-tås'tîk. 509.

TASTICAL.

a. See FAN

PHANTOM, fân'tům. s. 166. A spectre, an apparition; a fancied vision.

PHARISAICAL, får-rè-sà'è-kål. a. Ritual, ex

words as pronounced like z. For the reasons, see Principles, No. 425, 435.

To PHILOSOPHIZE, fè-lôs'sò-fize.

v. 3. To play the philosopher, to reason like a philosopher. PHILOSOPHY, fè-lôs'só-fè. s Knowledge natural or moral; hypothesis or system upon which natural effects are explained; reasoning, argumentation; the course of sciences. read in schools.

ternally religious: from the sect of the Phari-|PHILTER, fil'tor. s. 98. Something to cause sees, whose religion consisted almost wholly in ceremonies.

PHARMACEUTICAL, får-mâ-sử'tè-kál. 509.
PHARMACEUTICK, får-må-sù'tîk.

love.

This word ought rather to be written Philtre

See Principles, No. 416. a.

Relating to the knowledge or art of pharmacy, or preparation of medicines. PHARMACOLOGIST, får-må-kôl'lò-jíst. s. 518. A writer upon drugs.

PHARMACOLOGY, får-må-kôl′ld-jè. s. The kuowledge of drugs and medicines. PHARMACOPŒŒIA, får-må-ko-pè'yä. s. A dispensatory, a book containing rules for the composition of medicines.

PHARMACOPOLIST, får-mâ-kôp'pò-list. s. An apothecary, one who sells medicines. PHARMACY, får'må-sè. s. The art or practice of preparing medicines, the trade of an apothe

act of making an incision into the windpipe, used when some tumour in the throat hinders respiration. PHARYNX, få'rinks. s. See PHALANY. upper part of the gullet, below the larynx. PHASIS is. s. In the plural Phases. pearance exhibited by any body, as the change of the moon.

Ap

PHEASANT, fêz zânt. s. A kind of wild cock; a beautiful large bird of game.

To PHEESE, fěze. v. a. To comb, to fleece, to curry. Obsolete.

PHENIX, fè'niks. s. The bird which is supposed to exist single, and to rise again from its own ashes.

PHENOMENON, fè-nôm'mè-nổn. s. Appearance, visible quality; any thing that strikes by a new appearance.

PHIAL, fi'ål. s. A small bottle.

PHILANTHROPY, fil-ân'thrỏ-pè. s. 131. Love of mankind, good nature.

PHILIPPICK, fil-lip'pik. s. Any invective declamation.

PHILOLOGER, fè-lôl'lò-jûr. s. 131. One whose chief study is language, a grammarian, a cri

To PHILTER, fïl'tår. v. a. To charm to love.
PHIZ, fiz. s. The face. A low word.
PHLEBOTOMIST, fl¿-bôt'tò-mist. s. One that
opens a vein, a blood-letter.

To PHLEBOTOMISE, fè-bôt'to-mize. v. a. To
let blood.
PHLEBOTOMY, flè-bôt'té-mè. s. Blood-letting;
the art or practice of opening a vein for medi-
cal intentions.

PHLEGM, flëni s. 389. The watery humour
of the body, the tough viscid matter discharg
ed by coughing; watery.

PHLEGMAGOGÚES, flêg'mâ-gôgz. s. 339. A purge of the milder sort, supposed to evacuate phlegm, and leave the other humours.-See PATHOGNOMONICK.

PHLEGMATICK, flèg'må-tik. a 510. Abound-
ing in phlegm; generating phlegm; watery,
dull, cold, frigid.

PHLEGMON, flég'môn. s. 166
s. An inflamma-
tion, a burning tumour.
PHLEGMONOUS, flèg'mò-nus. a. Inflamma-
tory, burning.
PHLEME, flème. S. An instrument which is
placed on the vein and driven into it with a
blow.
PHLOGISTICK, flo-jis'tik. a. Having phlogiston.
PHLOGISTON, flo-jis tôn, or flo-gis'ton. s. 560.
An old chymical name for an imaginary sub-
stance, supposed to be a combination of fire
with some other matter, and a constituent part
of all inflammable bodies, and of many other
substances.-Parkes' Chymistry.

Professors of every art think they add to its
dignity, not only by deriving the terms of it
from the Greek, but by pronouncing these
terms contrary to the analogy of our own lau-
guage. For this reason our pronunciation be-
comes full of anomalies, and the professors of
an art speak one language, and the rest of the
world another. Those, therefore, who are not
chymists, ought, in my opinion, to enter their
protest against the irregular sound of the g in
this and similar words. Pronouncing the g
soft, would only hurt the pride of the profes-
sor; but pronouncing it hard, would hurt the
genius of the language.-See HETEROGENEOUS.
PHOSPHOR, fös'für. 166.
S. The morn
PHOSPHORUS, fós'fo-rås.

ing star; a chymical substance which exposed to the air takes fire.

PHRASE, fráze. s. An idiom, a mode of speech peculiar to a language; an expression, a mode of speech.

To PHRASE, fráze. v. a. To style, to call, to

term.

PHRASEOLOGY, frå-zè-ôľ′lỏ-jè. s. 513. Style,
diction; a phrase book.
PHRENÉTICK, frè-net'îk. a. Mad, inflamed in
the brain, frantick.

This word, as well as Frenitis, is pronounced by Mr. Sheridan with the accent on the first syllable; in which, though he is contrary to analogy, he is consistent. But Dr. Johnson, Dr. Kenrick, and Mr. Barclay, pronounce Fre netick with the accent on the first syllable, and Phrenitis, with the accent on the second. That the primitivnate accent is the trae pronuncis