as it does receive from an outward object opera- Dryden. -The ways of well-doing are in number even as many as are the kinds of voluntary actions; fo that whatsoever we do in this world, and may do it ill, we fhew ourselves therein by well doing to be wife. Hooker.-The confcience of well-doing may pafs for a recompenfe. L'Efrange.-Beg God's grace that the day of judgment may not overtake us unawares, but that by a patient welldoing we may wait for glory, honour, and immortality. Nelion.-God will judge every man according to his works; to them who by patient continuance in well-doing endure through the heat and burden of the day, he will give the reward of their labour. Rogers. As far the fpear I throw As flies an arrow from the well-drawn bow. Pope. Fair nymphs and well-dress'd youths around her thone, But ev'ry eye was fix'd on her alone. Pope. Such a doctrine in St James's air Should chance to make the well-drefs'd rabble ftare. Pope. -The defire of esteem, riches, or power, makes men espouse the well-endowed opinions in fafhion. Locke-We ought to ftand firm in well-eftablished principles, and not be tempted to change for every difficulty. Watts. Echinus fage, a venerable man Whofe swell-taught mind the prefent age furpaís❜d. Pope. -Some reliques of the true antiquity, though difguifed, a well-eyed man, may happily discover. Spenfer. How fweet the products of a peaceful reign! The heav'n taught poet, and enchanting strain ; The well fill'd palace, the perpetual feaft; A land rejoicing, and a people bleft. Pope. Turkish blood did his young hands imbrue, From thence returning with deferv'd applause, Against the Moors his well-flesh'd fword he draws. Dryden. Fairest piece of swell form'd earth, Urge not thus your haughty birth. Waller. -A rational foul can be no more difcerned in a well-formed than an ill-shaped infant. Locke.-A well-formed propofition is fufficient to communicate the knowledge of a fubject. Watts. Oh! that I'd died before the well-fought wall! Had fome diftinguish'd day renown'd my fall, All Greece had paid my folemn funerals. Pope. -Good men have a well-grounded hope in another life; and are as certain of a future recompence as of the being of a God. Atterbury. Let firm well-hammered foles protect thy feet Gay. Through freezing fnows. -The camp of the heathen was ftrong, and well-harneffed, and compaffed round with horfe men. 1 Macabees.-Among the Romans, those who faved the life of a citizen were dreffed in an caken garland; but among us this has been a mark of such gwell-intentioned perfons as would betray their country. Addison... He, full of fraudful arte, This well invented tale for truth imparts. Dryden. He, by inquiry, got to the well-known houfe of Kalender. Sidney. Soon as thy letters trembling I unclose That well-known name awakens all my woes, Pope Where proud Athens rears her tow'ry head With opening ftreets and fhining ftructures spread She pafs'd, delighted with the well-known feats. From a confin'd, well-manag'd ftore, You both employ and feed the poor. Pope. Waller. A noble soul is better pleased with a zealous vindicator of liberty, than with a temporizing poet or well mannered court-flave, or one who is ever decent because he is naturally fervile. Dryden. Well-meaners think no harm; but for the reft, Things facred they pervert, and filence is the best. Dryden. By craft they may prevail on the weakness of fome well meaning men to engage in their defigns. Rogers. He examines that well-meant, but unfortunate lye of the conqueft of France. Arbuthnot.-A critic fuppofes he has done his part, if he proves a writer to have failed in an expreffion; and can it be wondered at if the poets feem refolved not to own themselves in any error? for as long as one fide defpifes a well-meant endeavour, the other will not be fatisfied with a moderate approbation. Pope. Many fober, wellminded men, who were real lovers of the peace of the kingdom, were imposed upon. Clarendon, Jarring interests of themselves create Pope. When the blast of winter blows, Into the naked wood he goes; And feeks the tufky boar to rear, With well-mouth'd hounds and pointed spear. Dryden. -The applause that other people's reafon gives to virtuous and well-ordered actions, is the proper guide of children, till they grow able to judge for themselves. Locke.-The fruits of unity, next unto the well-pleafing of God, which is all in all, are towards thofe that are without the church, the other towards those that are within. Bacon.→ The exercife of the offices of charity is always well pleafing to God, and honourable among men. Atterb My voice shall found as you do prompt mine ear; And I will ftoop and humble my intents Shall never more be feen by mortal eyes. Dryd. 'Twas not the hafty product of a day, But the well-ripen'd fruit of wife delay. Dryd. -Procure thofe that are fresh-gathered, ftraight, smooth, and well-rooted. Mortimer.-If I should inftruct them to make well-running verses, they want genius to give them strength. Dryden.-The eating of a well-feafon'd difh, fuited to a man's palate, may move the mind, by the delight itself that accompanies the eating, without reference to any other end. Lotke.-Inftead of well-fet hair, baldnefs. Ifaiah.— A fharp edg'd fword he girt about His well-fpread shoulders. -Chapman. -Abraham and Sarah were old and well-ftricken in age. Genefis. Many well fhaped innocent virgins are waddling, like big-bellied women. Specta tor. We never fee beautiful and well-tafted fruits from a tree choaked with thorns and briars. Dryden. The quell-tim❜d oars With founding ftrokes divide the fparkling waves. Pope. Wisdom's triumph is well tim'd retreat, Go to your reft, Her well-turn'd neck he view'd, On me, my bargains, and my well-won thrift, Each by turns the other's bounds invade (3.) * WELL. n. f. [avelle, wall, Sax] fpring; a fountain; a fource. 1. A Begin then, fifters of the facred well As the root and branch are but one tree 2. A deep narrow pit of water. Now up, now down, like buckets in a well. Dryden. -The muscles are fo many well-buckets, when one of them acts and draws, it is neceffary that the other must obey. Dryden. 3. The cavity in which stairs are placed.-Hollow newelled ftairs are made about a fquare hollow newel; fuppofe the well-hole to be eleven foot long, and fix foot wide, and we would bring up a pair of stairs from the first floor eleven foot high, it being intended a fky-light shall fall through the hollow newell. Moxon. (4.) A WELL, in hydraulics (§ 3. def. 3.), is a hole under ground, usually of a cylindrical figure, and walled with stone and mortar; its ufe is to collect the water of the ftrata around it. (See WELL-TUBE.) In 1994, the Society for the Encouragement of Arts, &c. conferred their filver medal on George Butler, efq. for his invention of a bucket for drawing water from deep wells. It confifts of a common barrel, the head of which is taken out; across the top are fixed two thin bars of iron, having in the centre a small piece of the fame metal, which Mr Butler terms a ftandard. This is furnished with a collar, which has 4 moveable arms; and above it, there are a mortife containing a small brafs pulley, and a loop to which the well-rope is fecured: further, a cord is tied to one extremity of the collar, which, after paffing over the pulley, communicates with a valve applied to the lower head of the veffel.-The bucket, thus conftructed, when let down into the well by a rope, is filled through fuch valve; and, on being drawn up, the iron crofs above mentioned is preffed againft two parallel bars, fo that the valve is opened, and the water discharged into a trough, or veffel, prepared for its reception. The chief advantage arifing from this contrivance is, that the bucket is not only filled expe ditiously, but it is alfo brought up fteadily, fo that no water is fpilt; and, if any of it accidentally drop, it falls directly from the valve into the well without wetting the defcending rope, a cir. cumftance of confiderable importance; for, by -fuch continual moisture (which is neceffarily occafioned by the common buckets), it fpeedily decays, while the veffels are feldom drawn up completely filled. The following method of procuring good water from wells, appears in the Decade Philofophique, &c. "If you with the water of a well to be clear, and free from any disagreeable tafte," fays the writer, "the excavation fhould be made confiderably larger than is usually done. If, for example, you wish to conftruct a well s feet in diameter, the excavation ought to be from 12 to 15 feet. A false well is made 10 or 12 feet in diameter; in the middle of this large well the real well is constructed with a diameter of about five feet, but in such a manner that the water may filter through the interstices left between the stones, which form the outfide of the inner well: the falfe well is then filled with fand and pebbles, fa that the water muft firft filter through them before it reaches the real well. By this method you are fure of having filtered water perfectly clear and fit to drink. (5.) WELL, in hips, an apartment formed in the middle of a fhip's hold to inclofe the pumps, from the bottom to the lower deck. It is used as a barrier to preserve those machines from being damaged by the friction or compreffion of the materials contained in the hold, and particularly to prevent the entrance of ballaft, &c. by which the tubes would prefently be choked, and the pumps rendered incapable of fervice. By means of this inclosure, the artificers may likewife more readily descend into the hold, in order to examine the ftate of the pumps, and repair them as occa. fion requires. (6.) WELL, BURNING. See BURNING SPRINGS. (7.) WELL OF A FISHING-VESSEL, an apart ment in the middle of the hold, which is entirely detached from the reft, being lined with lead on every fide, and having the bottom thereof penetrated with a competent number of small holes, paffing alfo through the fhip's floor; fo that the falt-water running into the well is always kept as fresh as that in the fea, and yet prevented from communicating itself to the other parts of the hold. (1.) To From his two fprings, Pure selling out, he through the lucid lake' Of fair Dambea rolls his infant stream. Thomf. (2.) To WELL. Y. A. To pour any thing forth.To her people wealth they forth do well Spenfer. And health to every foreign nation. *WELLADAY. interje&. [This is a corruption of welawas. See WELAWAY.] Alas.-O welladay, miftrefs Ford, having an honeft man to your husband, to give him such cause of suspicion! Sbak. Ab, svelladay, I'm fhent with baneful smart. Gay. (1) WELLAND, a river of England, which rifes in Northamptonshire, feparates that county from Leicester, Rutland, and Lincoln fhires; pafby Market Horborough and Stamford, from which laft it is made navigable to Foss-DIKE WASH, which it enters below Spalding. (2.) WELLAND, a river of Canada, which runs into the Niagara, between lake Erie and lake On tario. (3,4.) WELLAND, 2 small towns of England: 1. in Devonshire NE. of Collumpton: 2. in Worcefter, SW. of Upton. *WELLBEING. n. f. [well and be.] Happinels; profperity.-Man is not to depend upon the uncertain difpofitions of men for his awellbeing, but only only on God and his own fpirit. Taylor. For whofe wellbeing, So amply, and with hands so liberal, Thou haft provided all things. Milton. -The most facred ties of duty are founded upon gratitude; fuch as the duties of a child to his parent, and of a fubject to his fovereign. From the former there is required love and honour in recompence of being; and from the latter obedience and fubjection in recompence of protection and wellbeing, South.-All things are fubfervient to the beauty, order, and wellbeing of the whole. L'Es trange. He who does not co-operate with his Holy Spirit, receives none of those advantages which are the perfecting of his nature, and neceffary to his wellbeing. Spectator. WELLBORN. adj. Not meanly defcended. To ruth undaunted to defend the walls. Dryd.. *WELLBRED. adj. [well and bred.] Elegant of manners; polite. None have been with admiration read Both the poets were wellbred and well na- tured. Wellbred (paniels civilly delight In mumbling of the game they dare not bite. Warwick. WELLESMITZA, a town of Servia, on the Danube; 10 miles SE. of Orfova. WELLEY, a town of Nottinghamshire, S. of Tuxford. * WELLFARE. n. f. [well and fare.] Happinefs; profperity.-They will afk, What is the final caufe of a king? and they will answer, The people's wellfare. Certainly a true anfwer; and as certainly an imperfect one. Holyday. * WELLFAVOURED. adj. [well and favour.] Beautiful; pleafing to the eye. His wife seems to be wellfavoured. I will ufe her as the key of the cuckoldy rogue's coffer. Shak. WELLFLEET BAY, a bay of Massachusetts, on the E. of Cape Cod Bay. WELLHALL, a town of Kent, near Eltham. WELL-HOLE, in building, is the hole left in a floor for the stairs to come up through. WELLIN, a town of Bohemia, in Konigingratz;` 16 miles SW. Biezow. WELLING, a town of England in Kent, on the Dartford road; at the foot of Shooter's Hill. WELLINGBORE, a town of Lincolnshire, near Welborn. WELLINGBOROUGH, an ancient city of England, in Northamptonshire, reckoned the ad in the county. It was deftroyed by the Danes. It is named from its numerous medicinal wells. It has a market on Wednesday with a great trade in grain, and flourishing manufactures of laces, &c. The houses are elegantly built with ftone, 800 houses having been accidentally burnt in 1738. It has a handfome church and a free-fchool. It is seated on the fide of a hill, on the W. bank of the Nen; 12 miles NE. of Northampton. Lon. o. 59. W. Lat. 52. 16. N. WELLINGHAM, 2 towns of England; 1. in Norfolk, S. of Rainham; 2. in Suffex, N. of Lewes. (1.) WELLINGTON, a town of England, in Shropshire, near Wreskin hill; with a market on Thursday, 12 miles E. of Shrewsbury, and 152 NW. of London. Lon. 2. 30. W. Lat. 52. 40. N. (2.) WELLINGTON, a town of Somersetshire, WELLINKOVEN, a town of Germany, in Once more to-day wellmet, diftempered lords, The king by me requires your presence straight, Shak. *WELLNATURED. adj. [well and natured.] Good-natured; kind. On their life no grievous burden lies Denham. The manners of the poets were not unlike; both of them were wellbred, wellnatured, amorous and libertine, at least in their writings; it may be alfo in their lives. Dryden.— Still with esteem no lefs convers'd than read, With wit wellnatur'd, and with books wellbred. Pope. *WELLNIGH. adv.[well and nigh] Almost.The fame fo fore annoyed has the knight, That, wellnigh choaked with the deadly stink, His forces fail. Spenfer. -My feet were almost gone; my steps had wellnigh flipt. Pfal-England was wellnigh ruined by the rebellion of the barons, and Ireland utterly neglected. Davies.-Whoever fhall read over St Paul's enumeration of the duties incumbent upon it, might conclude, that wellnigh the whole of christianity is laid on the fhoulders of charity alone. Spratt.-Notwithstanding a small diverfity of pofitions, the whole aggregate of matter, as long as it retained the nature of a chaos, would retain wellnigh an uniform tenuity of texture. Bentley. WELLOE, a rocky ifland in the English Channel, near the coaft of Cornwall; 9 miles SE. of Penzance. WELLOME, a town of England, in Notting. hamshire; near E. Bedford: (1.) WELLOP, a river of England, in Northumberland. (2, 3.) WELLOP, 2 small towns of England; 1. in Kent, near Hithe; 2. in Westmoreland, on the Eden; NW. of Appleby. (1-3.) WELLOW, 3 towns of England; viz. 1. in W. Medina, in the isle of Wight; 2. in Somersetshire, 5 miles S. of Bath; 3. in dittò, NW. of Philips Norton. (4, 5.) WELLOW, E. and W. in Hants, near Rumfey. WELL-ROOM OF A BOAT, the place in the bottom where the water lies, between the ceiling and the platform of the ftern-fheets, whence it is thrown out into the fea with a scoop. (1.) WELLS, Edmund, a learned profeffor of Greek, in the university of Oxford. He publifh ed a good edition of Xenophon's Works in 'g völs. and died in 1730. (2.) WELLS, Edward, D. D. a learned divine, born at Corfham, in Wilts, in 1666, and educated at Westminster, and thence to Chrift-church, Oxford. Having graduated there, he obtained the living of Catefbach, in Leicesterfhire. He pub lished, 1. An Anfwer to Dr Clarke, on the Trini ty: 26 A valuable work on the Geography of the Old and New Tefiament; 2 vols. 8vo. 3. A courfe of Mathematics; 3 vols. 4. Some Tra&s against the Diffenters; and other works. (3.) WELLS, in geography, a city of Somersetfhire, and fee of a bifhop; the bishop of BATH being alfo Bp. of WELLS, fo named from the many fprings and wells near it. It is not very large; but is adorned with handsome buildings; both public and private. It is governed by a mayor, and fends two members to parliament. The chief manufacture is knit hofe. Lon. 2. 37. W. Lat. 51. 12. N. (4.) WELLS, a fea-port town of Norfolkshire, with a confiderable trade; 27 miles N. of Swaffham, and 121 NNE. of London. Lon. 1. 1. E. Lat. 51. 1. N. (5.) WELLS, a town of Auftria, on the Trawn, 18 miles SW. of Lintz, and 96 W. of Vienna. It was ravaged and defolated by the Ruffians, on the ad Nov. 1805. Lon. 13.53. E. Lat. 48. 4. N. (6.) WELLS, a town of the United States, in Maine, fituated on a bay so named, 88 miles NE. of Boston. Lon. 70. 32. W. Lat. 43. 20. N. (7.) WELLS, a town of W. Florida, on the W. fide of St Andrews Bay. Lon. 85. 50. W. Lat. 30. 25. N. (8.) WELLS, a river of Vermont, which rifes in Groten township, Orange county, and thence running SE. falls into the Connecticut at Newbury. * WELLSPENT. adj. Paffed with virtue.They are to lie down without any thing to fupport them in their age but the confcience of a wellfpent youth. L'Eftrange. What a refreshment then will it be to look back upon a ́ wellspent life. Calamy. The conftant tenour of their wellspent days No lefs deferv'd a juft return of praife. Pope. WELLSPRING. n. f. [wallgefprig, Saxon.] Fountain; fource.-The fountain and wellspring of impiety is a refolved purpose of mind to reap in this world what of fenfual profit or fenfual pleasure foever the world yieldeth. Hooker.—Understanding is a wellspring of life. Prov. WELL-TUBE. n. /. an hydraulic inftrument for procuring water, in almost every fituation, fuggefted by M. Cadet de Vaux.-He directs the foil to be perforated with a borer; a wooden pipe is then to be placed in the hole, and driven down with a mallet; after which the boring muft be continued that a pipe may be driven to a greater depth. As the augur becomes filled with earth, it ought to be drawn up, and emptied; fo that, by the addition of fresh portions of the pipe, the boring is carried to a confiderable extent under ground, and water is in most instances obtained. Wells, thus formed, are preferable to those dug in the ufual manner; being lefs expenfive, while the fupply of water is both copious and certain. If wells be difused for a confiderable time, the wa ter generally becomes foul; the ambient atmosphere is corrupted; and thus arife mephitic va pours which have often proved fatal to animal life. Hence it has been fuggefted, to employ a pair of smith's bellows and a tube; but as thefe are too bulky to be conveniently carried to any diftance, and often cannot be procured on the fpur of the occafion, Mr Salmon, of Canterbury, has invented the following apparatus, for difperfing nox tribunal of conscience. Addison.-Betray not any of your well-wishers into the like inconveniences. Spectator.-No man is more your fincere wellwifher than myself, or more the fincere wellwisher of your family. Pope. WELLWOOD. See WELWOOD. WELMENACH, or a town of the French emWELMICH, Spire in the dep. of the Sarre, and ci-devant electorate of Treves; 1 mile from St Goar; feated on the Rhine. WELMINA, a town of Bohemia, in Leitmeritz, 5 miles W. of Leitmeritz. WELOVAR, a town of Croatia; 16 miles SE. of Creutz. WELPSHOLTZ, a town of Upper Saxony, in the county of Mansfeld; where duke Lothario defeated the emperor Henry V. in 1115. WELSBACH, a river of Upper Saxony, in Thuringia, which runs into the Unftrutt, near Thomasbruck. WELSBOROUGH, a town of England, in Leicestershire; W. of Bofworth. WELSCHBILLIG, a town of the French empire, in the dep. of the Sarre, and ci-devant electorate of Treves; 6 miles NNW. of Treves, and 18 NNE. of Luxemburg. ious air from wells.-This ingenious contrivance merits the notice of our country readers; as it is not very expensive, and will prevent many fatal accidents. A, B, C, D, E, F (Plate 340.) reprefent fix lengths of a metal pipe, each 8 feet long, and two inches in diameter; all these joints (ex. cept that marked F, which is made of copper, for the better fupport of heat) are made of tin-plate. G, is a tin-kettle, or vessel (containing about two gallons), that is faftened to the upper pipe F, and the fides of which are perforated for the admiffion of air, and confequently for fupporting the fire. This veffel must be fixed in fuch a direction as to have at least 5 feet of the pipe above its top. H, is a conical cap, designed to confine the heat to the fides of the tube.-When the machine is applied to the well, a wire must be passed through the holes a, a, in the upper part of the length A, and in the lower extremity of B, the joint ought to be luted with putty, to render it air-tight; the upper end. of each joint fhould be covered with wire, to prevent it from bending; and to form a receptacle for the putty. The other lengths are then to be managed in a fimilar manner, till that marked A, reach nearly to the furface of the water. The veffel G, ought to be placed on two pieces of timber laid across the well. The apparatus, being now fixed, will speedily be filled with the foul air extracted from the well; and as the gravity of the external and internal air is equal, they become ftationary. Burning coal or wood muft next be put into the kettle G; by which the copper tube, F, is heated; and, the internal air being rarefied, while the external air preffes downward, the nox. ious vapours are gradually diffipated; and a purer element is introduced into the well, whence it idues during the continuance of the fire. Mr Sal mon remarks, that however small the current of air paffing out of the funnel or pipe F may ap pear, the effect is confiderable; becaufe fuch difcharge confifts wholly of noxious vapour; where. as ten gallons of fresh air are probably blown into the well, by means of the common bellows and leather pipe, before two gallons of mephitic vapour are removed. Such purification will be ftill more effectual, if the fire-kettle G be placed at D, when the internal air becomes more rarefied; it ought, however, to be remarked, that this advantage is over-balanced by the atmosphere being rendered unfit for refpiration, in confequence of the fuffocating properties of the charcoal. *WELLWILLER. n. [well and willer.] One who means kindly.-Difarming all his own countrymen, that no man might fhew himself a wellwiller of mine. Sidney. There are fit occafions miniftered for men to purchase to themfelves wellwillers by the colour under which they oftentimes profecute quarrels of envy. Hooker. * WELLWISH. n. f. [qwell and wish.] A wifh of happiness. Let it not enter into the heart of any one that hath a well-wish for his friends or pofterity to think of a peace with France till the Spanith monarchy be entirely torn from it. Addison. WELLWISHER. n. f. [from wellavish.] One who wishes the good of another. The actual traitor is guilty of perjury in the eye of the law; the fecret well wisher of the caufe is fo before the VOL. XXIII. WELSH. See WELCH, 1 and 2. WELSHPOOL, a town of N. Wales, in Montgomeryshire, with a market on Monday. It is the principal trading town in the county, being the great mart for Welsh cottons, flannels, &c. The caftle, called Fowis cafle, is a large ftately ftructure. It is feated in a rich vale, on the river Severn, 9 miles W. of Shrewsbury, and 169 NW. of London. Lon. 3. 5. W. Lat 52. 33. N. WELSTED, Leonard, an English poet, born in 1689, and educated at Weftminiter; where he wrote the humorous Tale of the Apple Pye, which has been falfely afcribed to Dr King. He obtained a place in the Ordnance Office; and Mr Pope gave him a place unafked and unmerited in his Dunciad; for he was a man of real genius, and feveral of his poems have great merit. He tranflated Longinus on the Sublime into English, from Boileau's verfion; and wrote a comedy entitled The Dissembled Woman. He died in 1747. WELSTEIN, a town of the French empire, in the department of the Meurthe, and ci-devant county of SALM; 7 miles ESE. of KREUTZNACH, or CREUTZNACH. WELSUN, a town of Holland, in the dep. of the Rhine, and ci-devant province of Guelderland, 6 miles W. of Hatten. * WELT. n. f. A border; a guard; an edging. Little low hedges made round like welts, with fome pretty pyramids, I like well. Bacon. Certain fcioli, or fmatterers, are bufy in the skirts and outfides of learning, and have scarce any thing of folid literature to recommend them. They may have fome edging or trimming of a scholar, a welt, or fo; but no more. Ben Jonson. *To WELT. V. a. [from the noun.] To few any thing with a border. WELTENBURG, or ABACH. See ABACH. *To WELTER. v. n. [wealtan, Sax, welteren, Dutch, volutare, Lat.] 1. To roll in water or mire.→ A a He |