"Ay; these look like the workmanship of Heaven ; 5.-SOPHRONIA. The meaning of this name was originally One of Sound Mind. So, also, Lætitia means Happiness, and Daphne, Honor. 6.-PARADISE LOST, viii. 489–90. The second line should read, "In every gesture, dignity and love." 7. The epitaph is inscribed to Elizabeth, L. H., and reads as follows: Underneath this stone doth lie The other, let it sleep with death: Page 216, Note 1.-DR. JOHN BROWN was born at Biggar, Lanarkshire, Scotland, September, 1810. He was educated at Edinburgh University. His literary reputation rests chiefly upon a series of papers on professional and other subjects, published under the title of "Hora Subseciva" (Spare Hours). The story of "Rab and his Friends" is the best known of these articles, and is justly regarded as a classic. 2.-OLD ISAAC. Isaac Watts, in the well-known rhyme, "Let dogs delight to bark and bite," etc. 3.-BUCK. A word used in England to designate a gay, dashing young fellow.-MULL. A snuffbox made of the small end of a horn. This particular mull seemed old enough to have been at the battle of Culloden, 1746. 4.-DEWLAPS. Folds of flesh hanging from the throat or mouth. Generally applied to the folds on the throats of oxen, which lap the dew as the animal grazes. 5.-BAILIE. A town officer in Scotland, corresponding to alderman.—BREECHIN. Scotch abbreviation of breeching, part of a horse's harness, 6.-MUTCH. The close-frilled cap of an old woman. 7.-GLOWER. An angry stare.-HAPPED. Wrapped up; clothed. 8. SNELL. A. S. Active, brisk. 9. SEMPER PARATUS. Lat. Always ready. 10." Or ever the silver cord be loosed, or the golden bowl be broken, or the pitcher be broken at the fountain, or the wheel broken at the cistern" 475 (Eccles. xii. 6).—Animula blandula, vagula, hospes, comesquc. "Sweet, fleeting little soul, guest-friend and companion."—HADRIAN. 11.-"Thy rod and thy staff they comfort me" (Psa. xxiii. 4). XLII. THE BATTLE OF BEAL' AN DUINE. Page 233, Note 1.-This selection is from the sixth canto of "The Lady of the Lake." Roderick Dhu, the chief of Clan Alpine, is lying at the point of death, and the minstrel who visits him relates to him the story of the battle recently fought between the English forces and those of the clan. 2.-ERNE. A name applied in Scotland to the sea-eagle or osprey. 5.-TINCHEL. A circle of sportsmen who, by gradually approaching the centre, bring a number of deer and other game into a narrow compass. 6. LINN. Scotch, a cataract, a water-fall. 66 ADDITIONAL READING SUGGESTED: The following selections from Scott's poems: Lay of the Last Minstrel," Canto II., x., xx., xxi.; Canto V., xii.; Canto VI., xviii.-xxxv. "Lady of the Lake," Canto I., xxxi., xxxii.; Canto V.; Canto VI. XLIII. MY INTRODUCTION TO DR. JOHNSON. Page 237, Note 1.-JAMES BOSWELL was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1740. He studied at the Universities of Edinburgh, Glasgow, and Utrecht. His acquaintance with Dr. Johnson began in 1763, and continued until the latter's death, in 1784. Boswell died in 1795. His "Life of Samuel Johnson," perhaps the most remarkable biography ever written, was first published in 1790. Scarcely since the days of Homer has the feat been equalled."-CARLYLE. "Homer is not more decidedly the first of heroic poets, Shakespeare is not more decidedly the first of dramatists, Demosthenes is not more decidedly the first of orators, than Boswell is the first of biographers."-MACAULAY. DR. JOHNSON. See biographical sketch of Samuel Johnson, on next page. 2.-SIR JOSHUA REYNOLDS. The greatest of English portrait - painters (1723-1792). 3. DAVID GARRICK (1716-1779) had formerly been a pupil of Johnson's when he taught at Edial Hall, Lichfield, and the two had come to London together on foot, in 1737, to try their fortunes in the great metropolis. He was author of several dramatic pieces, and attained great distinction as a tragedian. 4.-"That this was a momentary sally against Garrick there can be no doubt; for at Johnson's desire he had, some years before, given a benefit night at this theatre to this very person, by which she had got two hundred pounds. Johnson, indeed, upon all other occasions, when I was in his company, praised the very liberal charity of Garrick. I once mentioned to him, 'It is observed, sir, that you attack Garrick yourself, but you will suffer nobody else to do it.' Johnson (smiling), 'Why, sir, that is true.'"-BOSWELL. 5.-"ELEMENTS OF CRITICISM," by Henry Homes (Lord Kames), published in 1762. This conversation occurred in 1763. 6.-ONE. John Wilkes, a noted political agitator (1727-1797). 7.-"Mr. Sheridan was then reading lectures upon Oratory at Bath, where Derrick was Master of the Ceremonies, or, as the phrase is, king."—Boswell. ADDITIONAL READING SUGGESTED: Carlyle's essay on "Boswell's Life of Johnson"; selections from Boswell's Johnson. XLIV. THE VALUE OF TIME. Page 240, Note 1.-SAMUEL JOHNSON was born at Lichfield, England, in 1709. He was educated at Lichfield free school and at Pembroke College, Cambridge; but, on account of poverty, he left college before taking a degree. He taught school for a time at Edial Hall, Lichfield, and in 1737, in company with his pupil, David Garrick, he went to London. There he entered upon the profession of literature, producing, among other works, "A Dictionary of the English Language," "Rasselas," "A Visit to the Hebrides," "The Lives of the Poets," etc. He wrote essays also for The Idler and The Rambler, publications similar in their scope and character to The Spectator. Dr. Johnson died in 1785. See Boswell's "Life of Johnson," Macaulay's "Essay on Samuel Johnson,” and Stephen's "Samuel Johnson" (English Men of Letters). 2. ERASMUS. Desiderius Erasmus, a celebrated Dutch theological scholar and writer, born at Rotterdam, 1467; died, 1536. XLV. THE FLIGHT OF TIME. Page 243, Note 1.-THOMAS DE QUINCEY was born at Manchester, England, in 1785, and was educated at Oxford University. He was the author of a large number of works, chiefly essays, critical and philosophical. The book by which he is best known is his "Confessions of an English Opium Eater." He died in 1859. See Masson's "De Quincey" (English Men of Letters). 2. LÂCHETÉ. Laxness, carelessness, neglect. Fr. from Lat. laxus, loose. XLVI.-ODE TO A NIGHTINGALE. Page 246, Note 1.—JOHN KEATS was born in London, October 29, 1795; he died at Rome in 1821. His principal poems are "Endymion," a legend of the Grecian mythology; "Isabella; or, The Pot of Basil," a story from Boccaccio; the "Eve of St. Agnes"; "Lamia," a story of Greek witchcraft; and "Hyperion," a fragment. Read Colvin's "John Keats" (English Men of Letters), and Shelley's "Adonais." Masson says: "We can hardly be wrong in believing that had Keats lived to the ordinary age of man, he would have been one of the greatest of all our poets. As it is, I believe we shall all be disposed to place him very near indeed to our very best." 2.-LETHE-WARDS (le' the wards). Towards Lethe, the river of forgetfulness. 3.-DRYAD. A nymph of the woods. From Gr. drus, an oak-tree. 4.-PROVENÇAL SONG. A song of the troubadours, a school of lyric poets who flourished in Provence, in the south of France, from the eleventh to the thirteenth century. A love-song. 5. HIPPOCRENE. The "Fountain of the Horse" (Fons Caballinus). A fountain on Mount Helicon, Boeotia, sacred to the Muses. It was said to have been produced by the horse Pegasus striking the ground with his feet. 6.-BACCHUS (bak' kus). The god of wine. Gr. Dionysos, or Bacchos. After the time of Alexander the worship of this god assumed the character of wild and dissolute festivals and orgies, called bacchanals. See pages 354 and 361. See also Keats's "Endymion," IV.-PARDS. Spotted beasts. Bacchus was often represented as riding on a panther, tiger, or lion. 7.-Compare with this stanza Milton's lines on flowers (see page 405, lines 8-26). 8.-DARKLING. In the dark. 9.-RUTH. See Ruth ii.; also Harper's Fifth Reader, page 321, line 16. 10.-TOLL. To draw or cause to follow. Often written tole. ་ ADDITIONAL READING SUGGESTED: 'The Eve of St. Agnes," "Isabella," selections from "Endymion." XLVII. SAVONAROLA AND LORENZO THE MAGNIFICENT. Page 249, Note 1.-MRS. MARGARET O. W. OLIPIIANT was born about 1818. She has written a large number of works, chiefly novels; also "The Makers of Florence," from which our extract is taken, "The Makers of Venice," and a translation of Dante's "Divina Commedia." 2. LORENZO. Lorenzo de' Medici, commonly called "The Magnificent" (1448-1492). He was not only ruler of Florence, a statesman and soldier, but a poet, scholar, and patron of art and literature. 3.-FRIAR. Girolamo Savonarola, a Dominican friar and celebrated religious reformer (1452-1498). 4.-MORDECAI. See note, page 463. 5. SAN MARCO. A celebrated Dominican convent in Florence. 6.—LOGGIA (lŏd jå). An enclosed piazza or gallery. 7.-CAMPANILE (kam pa ne' la). A bell-tower. From Campania, in Italy, where church-bells were first used. ADDITIONAL READING SUGGESTED: George Eliot's "Romola," Mrs. Oliphant's "Makers of Florence," Dante's "Divina Commedia " (Longfellow's translation). XLVIII.-THE OFFICE OF LITERATURE. Page 254, Note 1.-AUGUSTINE BIRRELL is a barrister at Lincoln's Inn, London, and was born about 1845. He has distinguished himself as the writer of two series of delightful essays on literary subjects, published under the title of "Obiter Dicta," from the second of which the present extract is taken. 2. See note, bottom of page 223. 3.-HAZLITT (hăz lit). William Hazlitt, a miscellaneous writer, author of "Lectures on the English Poets," "The English Comic Writers," "Spirit of the Age," etc. (1778-1830). 4. "COKE UPON LYTTELTON." Sir Thomas Littleton, or Lyttelton, judge of Common Pleas (1421-1481), was the author of a "Treatise on Tenures," printed in 1584. Sir Edward Coke, chief-justice (1551–1632), was the author of a famous work on the laws of England, entitled "The Institutes." The first of the four parts of this work was a "Commentary on Littleton," being a review, with critical annotations, of the "Treatise on Tenures." 5.-SMITH. Rev. Sydney Smith-clergyman, wit, and miscellaneous writer (1771-1845)-author of "Letters on the Catholics, from Peter Plymley to his brother Abraham," "Sketches of Moral Philosophy," and many other works. ADDITIONAL READING SUGGESTED: Other essays from "Obiter Dicta." XLIX. THE ANCIENT MARINER. Page 257, Note 1.-SAMUEL TAYLOR COLERIDGE was born at Ottery St. Mary in 1772. He was educated at Christ's Hospital and Jesus College, Cambridge; died at Highgate, London, in 1834. His best-known works are the two poems, "Christabel" (1816) and "The Ancient Mariner" (1798). Among his prose works the two entitled "Biographia Literaria" and "Aids to Reflection" are the most valuable. Refer to Shairp's "Studies in Poetry," Swinburne's "Essays and Studies,” and Traill's "Coleridge" (English Men of Letters). THE ANCIENT MARINER: "In the autumn of 1797 Coleridge, my sister, and myself started from Alfoxden pretty late in the afternoon, with a view to visit Linton and the Valley of Stones, near to it; and as our united funds were very small, we agreed to defray the expense of the tour by writing a poem to be sent to the New Monthly Magazine. Accordingly, we planned the poem of the Ancient Mariner,' founded on a dream, as Mr. Coleridge said, of his friend Mr. Cruikshank. Much the greatest part of the story was Mr. Coleridge's invention, but certain parts I suggested; for example, some crime was to be committed which should bring upon the Old Navigator, as Coleridge afterwards delighted to call him, the spectral persecution, as a consequence of that crime, and his own wanderings. I had been reading in Shelvocke's 'Voyages,' a day or two before, that while doubling Cape Horn they frequently saw albatrosses in that latitude. Suppose,' said I, 'you represent him as having killed one of these birds on entering the South Sea, and that the tutelary spirits of these regions take upon them to avenge the crime.' The incident was thought fit for the purpose, and adopted accordingly. I also suggested the navigation of the ship by dead men, but do not |