master by the tone of his voice; nay, even by his looks, he is read'-y to o-bey' him.

Dogs are very ser'-vice-a-ble to man. Α dog will con-duct' a flock of sheep, and will use no rough'-ness, but to those which strag'-gle, and then mere'-ly to bring them back. The dog is said to be the only animal who always knows his master, and the friends of his fam'-ily; who dis-tin'-guish-es a stran'-ger as soon as he ar-rives'; who un-der-stands' his own name and the voice of the do-mes'-tics; and who calls for his lost master by cries and lamen-ta'-tions..

A dog is the most sa-ga-cious animal we have, and the most ca'-pa-ble of ed-u-ca'-tion. In most dogs the sense of smelling is keen; a dog will hunt his game by the scent; and in fol-low-ing his master, he will stop where the roads cross, try which way the scent is strongest, and then pur-sue' that.

THE ELEPHANT.

The el'-e-phant, though not only the lar'gest, but the stron'-gest of all quad'-ru-peds, is, in a state of na'-ture, neither fierce nor mis'chie-vous. Pa-cif-ic, mild, and brave, it only exerts its powers in its own de-fence or in that of the com-mu'-ni-ty to which it be-longs'. It is so'-cial and friend'-ly with its kind; the oldest of the troop always appears as the leader, and the next oldest brings up the rear. As they march, the forest seems to tremble be-neath' them ; in their pas'-sage they tear down the branch'-es of trees, on which they feed; and if they enter cul'-ti-va-ted fields, the la'-bours of ag-ri-cul-ture soon dis-ap-pear'. In Af'-ri-ca, el'-e-phants, perhaps, are the most nu'-mer-ous, but in A'-si-a, they are the lar'-gest, and most use-ful to man.

The el'-e-phant is from seven to fif'-teen feet high; and its huge body is covered with a cal'-lous hide without hair. The eyes of this

animal are very small; but though their minute'-ness may at first appear de-formed', on a more care'-ful ex-am-i-na'-tion they are seen to ex-hib'-it the va'-ri-ous sen-sa'-tions by which they are moved.

When the elephant is once tamed, it is the most gen'-tle and o-be'-di-ent of all animals. Its at-tach'-ment to its keeper is re-mark-a-ble, and it seems to live but to serve and o-bey' him. It is quick'-ly taught to kneel in order to re-ceive its ri'-der: ca-ress'-es those with whom it is ac-quaint'-ed; u'-ses its trunk as a hand, to assist in taking up a part of its load. The teeth of this animal are of great val'-ue, and fur-nish the ar'-ti-cle of i'-vor-y. For the sake of these alone, elephants are fre'-quent-ly killed; and the hunter who is for'-tu-nate enough to obtain such a prize, thinks himself amply rec'-om-pensed for his dan'-ger and trouble in the chase. The elephant is said to live upwards of a hundred years.

THE REIN DEER.

Of all the animals in the nor'-thern re-gions the rein deer is the most use-ful, and the most wor'-thy of our at-ten'-tion. It is found as near the pole as man can go; and, as if intend'-ed for the ser'-vice of the na'-tives of those cli'-mates alone, it is in-ca'-pa-ble of exist-ing under a mild'-er sky. From the rein deer sin'-gly, the Green'-land-ers, Lap'-land-ers, and other in-hab'-it-ants of the north frig'-id zone, de-rive' a supply for their most press'ing wants. It an'-swers the pur'-pose of the horse in con-vey'-ing them from one place to another; that of the cow, in af-ford'-ing them milk, and that of the sheep, in fur'-nishing them with clo'-thing; while the flesh serves for food, as the ten'-dons do for bōw'strings; and which last, when split, supply the want of thread.

The horns of the rein deer are very large,

but slender, pro-ject'-ing for'-wards, and palmated toward the top. The height of a fullgrown animal of this kind is about four feet and a half; but it is very strong-ly built, has thick hair, and always a black space round the eyes. The pace of the rein deer is rather a trot than a bound'-ing, and this it can contin'-ue for a whole day; its hoofs are cloven and move'-a-ble, so that it spreads them a-broad' as it goes, to pre-vent' its sinking in the snow; and as the animal moves along, they are heard to crack with a pretty loud noise.

The prin'-ci-pal food of these animals du'ring winter is a white moss, with which almost all the desert parts of the country are covered, like snow, and which the deer ea'-si-ly turn up with their no'-ṣes, even when it is deeply buried in snow. A Lap'-land-er re-gards' the rein deer as his prin'-ci-pal source of wealth, and some persons pos-ṣess' a thousand of them in a sin'-gle herd.