Intermediate Arithmetic

40. The Rocky Mountains rise 12500 feet above the level of the ocean, and the Andes 21440 feet. How many feet higher are the latter than the former?

41. A gentleman gave $13745 for a farm, and sold it for $15150. What did he gain?

42. The Declaration of Independence was made in Philadelphia in 1776. How many years from that time to 1870? Ans. 94 years. 43. A gentleman went to market one morning, intending to purchase to the amount of about $10.00. He filled his basket as follows: Steak $0.75; chickens $1.25, a bunch of asparagus $0.15; sweet potatoes $0.25; new Irish potatoes $0.35; some fresh butter $0.50; celery $0.10; two quarts of strawberries $0.50; lettuce $0.10; beets $0.15; and he gave the balance of his money for two fat turkeys. What did the turkeys

cost him.

Ans. $5.90

44. A little boy bought at one time 11 apples for $0.55, at another time 17 apples for $0.68 cents, and at another time 25 apples for $0.75. How many apples did he buy in all, and how much money did they together cost him? Ans. 53 apples; cost $1.98 45. A farm was bought for $2795; a yoke of oxen for $110; a horse for $163; 25 sheep for $87.50; one dozen chickens for $3.75; 15 cows for $317. How much did all cost? Ans. $3476.25

46. A farmer gave three dollars and fifty cents for a sheep, and seventeen dollars and twenty-five cents for a cow. What sum did both cost? Ans. $20.75

47. What is the difference between nineteen dollars and thirty-seven cents and twenty-three dollars and nineteen cents?

Ans. $3.82

MULTIPLICATION.

33. MULTIPLICATION is the operation of increasing one number as many times as there are units in another.

EXAMPLES.

1. Copy upon your slates and read the following:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Read thus: 2 times 1 are 2;
3 are 6, etc. 3 times 1 are 3;
3 are 9, etc.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 2 times 2 are 4; 2 times 3 times 2 are 6; 3 times

2. Copy and read the following: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

Read thus: 4 times 1 are 4; 4 times 2 are 8, etc.

5 times 1 are 5; 5 times 2 are 10, etc.

3. Copy and read the following:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7

6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 Read thus: 6 times 1 are

7 times 1 are 7, etc.

7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 6; 6 times 2 are 12, etc.

4. Copy and read the following: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 999999999 9 18 27 36 45 54 63 72 81

Read thus; 8 times 1 are 8, etc. 9 times 1 are 9.

REMARK.-The above examples constitute the MULTIPLICATION

TABLE, and must be thoroughly committed to memory.

PROBLEMS.

5. If a little boy picks 8 apples from a tree every day, how many apples will he have picked in 3 days? 5 days? 7 days? 9 days? 2 days? 4 days? 6 days? 8 days?

6. If one boat will carry 5 men across a river, how many men will 4 boats of the same size carry? 8 boats? 9 boats? 3 boats? 5 boats? 7 boats? 2 boats? 6 boats?

7. If oranges are worth 7 cents apiece, now many cents must be paid for 9 oranges? 7 oranges? 5 oranges? 3 oranges? 8 oranges? 6 oranges? 4 oranges? 2 oranges? 1 orange?

8. There are 9 rows of trees in an orchard, with 6 trees in each row. How many trees in all the rows? In 7 rows? In 5 rows? In 3 rows? In 8 rows? In 6 rows? In 4 rows? In 2 rows?

9. Since there are 2 pints in a quart, how many pints in 9 quarts? 7 quarts? 8 quarts? 5 quarts? 6 quarts? 4 quarts? 2 quarts? 3 quarts?

10. Since there are 3 feet in a yard, how many feet in 5 yards? 7 yards? 9 yards? 8 yards? 6 yards? 4 yards? 2 yards? 3 yards?

11. Since there are 4 quarts in a gallon, how many quarts in 9 gallons? 8 gallons? 7.gallons? 4 gallons? 6 gallons? 5 gallons? 3 gallons? 2 gallons?

12. If lemons are worth 9 cents each, how many cents will 9 lemons cost? 7 lemons? 5 lemons? 3 lemons? 8 lemons? 6 lemons? 4 lemons? 2 lemons?

13. How many legs on 7 tables, if each table has 4 legs? 9 tables? 5 tables? 8 tables? 3 tables? 6 tables? 14. Since there are 7 days in a week, how many days in 9 weeks? 7 weeks? 5 weeks? 3 weeks? 8 weeks? 6 weeks? 4 weeks? 2 weeks?

34. To multiply any number by any of the nine digits. 1. Copy upon your slates and recite the following:

MODEL FOR RECITATION.

(1) PROBLEM.-How many are 2 times 524?

(2) MULTIPLICATION.-2 times 4 units are 8 units; 2 times 2 tens are 4 tens; 2 times 5 hundreds are 10 hundreds.

(3) RESULT.-Hence, 2 times 524 are 1048.

2. Copy, complete, and recite the following:

909 808 707 606 505 404 303 202 101 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1818 2424

101

3. Copy, complete, and recite the following: 911 811 711 611 511 411 311 323 999 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8199

4. Copy, complete, and recite the following:

999

Arrange upon your slates and recite the following:

5. Multiply 1020102 by 4; 3; 2; 1.

3; 2; 1.
2; 1.

6. Multiply 1212121 by 4; 7. Multiply 3123123 by 3; 8. Multiply 1111111 by 9; 9. Multiply 1010101 by 9; 10. Multiply 1030303 by 9; 11. Multiply 9090909 by 9; 8; 7; 6; 5; 4; 3; 2; 1. 12. Multiply 8080808 by 9; 8; 7; 6; 5; 4; 3; 2; 1.

8; 7; 6; 5; 4; 3; 2; 1. 8; 7; 6; 5; 4; 3; 2; 1. 8; 7; 6; 5; 4; 3; 2; 1.

ANALYTIC OPERATIONS.

13. Copy and recite the following exercises: