A Chronology of the Byzantine Empire

TIMOTHY VENNING is a freelance researcher and has published Cromwellian Foreign Policy (Macmillan) and also worked on the New Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford University Press).

JONATHAN HARRIS is Senior Lecturer in Byzantine History at Royal Holloway, University of London. His publications include Greek Émigrés in the West, 1400-1520 (1995), Byzantium and the Crusades (2003) and, as editor, Palgrave Advances in Byzantine History (2005). His research interests centre on the relations between Byzantium and Western Europe, particularly during the Crusades and the Italian Renaissance.