basis of “Outre-Mer, a Pilgrimage beyond the Sea," 1835. "Hyperion," a prose romance full of the spirit of youth, and charged with poetic . Voices of sentiment, appeared in 1839, and the Night" in the same year. Ballads and Other Poems," 1841, confirmed his reputation, and almost every work that he gave to the public thereafter received a warm welcome at and abroad. His subsequent works include Poems on Slavery, 1842; The The Belfry Spanish Student," drama, 1843; Evanof Bruges, and Other Poems," 1846; geline, a Tale of Acadie," 1847 (for years the most popular of our longer idyllic poems); Kavanagh," tale, 1849; The Seaside and the Fireside," 1850; **The Golden Legend," 1851;The Song of Hiawatha," 1855; The Birds Courtship of Miles Standish," 1858; of Passage," 1858-63; "Tales of a Wayside Inn," 1863; "Flower de Luce," 1867; "The Divine Comedy" of Dante, translation, 186770; New England Tragedies, ISGS; The Divine Tragedy," 1871; Three Books of Song," 1872; Aftermath," 1873; The Hanging of the Crane," 1874; “Morituri Salutamus, "The Masque of Pandora," 1875; Keramos, and Other Poems," 1878; "Ultima Thule," 1880; Hermes Trismegistus,' 1882; In the Harbor," 1882. He edited the anthology, "Poets and Poetry of Europe," containing some of his own translations, 1813; and Poems of Places," 31 vols., 1876-79. The Riverside edition of Longfellow's complete works, 11 vols., 1886, is the authoritative and definite one.

For an extended review of the

life and works of the poet who may be said, all in all, to have been America's untitled laureate throughout his most productive career, cp. "Poets of America," chap. vi, pp. 51, 177, 178. [L. C. B.]

LORD, William Wilberforce, clergyman, b. Madison Co., New York, 1819, Rector of an Episcopal church at Vicksburg, Miss., and more recently of a church at Cooperstown, New York. Served as chaplain in the Confederate army. Author of "Poems," 1845; "Christ in Hades," 1851; and "Andre, a Tragedy," 1856. Cp. "Poets of America," p. 123.

His

LORING, Frederick Wadsworth, b. Boston, Mass., 1848; d, near Wickenburg, Ar., 1871. Graduated at Harvard in 1870, and went in 1871, as correspondent of Appleton's Jour nal," on a government expedition to Arizona, where he was killed by Apache Indians. Author of “Two College Friends," a novel, and of The Boston Dip, and Other Verses." best-known poem, In the Old Churchyard at Fredericksburg, was based on a newspaper report that one of Shakespeare's pall-bearers, Heider by name, was buried in St. George's churchyard, Fredericksburg, Va. This report, originated during the Civil War, was investigated by Monenre D. Conway, who after several visits to Stafford Co., Va., discovered the tombstone of one Edmond Helder, a physician in another part of the county. Helder died in

LOWELL, James Russell, b. Cambridge, Mass., 22 Feb., 1819; d. Cambridge, Aug. 12, 1891. Of cultured parents, he received the early training that such a nature needs. Ile entered Harvard in 1834, where he devoted himself to reading if not to study. He wrote the class poem; and after graduating from the law school, published a volume of poenis, “A Year's Life," 1841. In 1844 his second book, entitled "Poems," appeared, containing the "Legend of Brittany,' Rhecus," etc. Another volume, “Poetus,” was published in 1848, and "Poetical Works " in 1870. The " Biglow Papers" began to appear in 1846, and made an immediate hit. The second series came out in 1862-66, They won for him a fame that his most exquisite poems of nature had failed to bring. Even apart from his poetical works, Lowell's pen was never idle. His "Conversa tions on Some of the Old Poets," 1844, is a proof of his critical ability, though an early specimen. In 1855 he became a professor of modern languages and belles lettres at Harvard, and his influence in that capacity was widespread. He became editor of the Atlantic Monthly" in 1857, a position he held four years, contributing constantly to its pages. From 1864 to 1869 he was an editor of the "North American Review," to which he contributed some literary essays of note. His prose work appeared in collected form in "Fireside Trayels," 1964; "Among My Books," 1870; “My Study Windows," 1871; “Among My Books," second series, 1876. His prose style is individ ual and distinctive; his discrimination sure, and while he sometimes fails in construction, his trouble lies in an embarrassment of rich material. "Under the Willows, and Other Poems," appeared in 1868; "The Cathedral" in 1870; Three Memorial Poems" in 1873-76, These last were delivered at Concord, 19 April, 1875, at Cambridge, 3 July, 1875, and Boston, 4 July, 1876. In 1877 he was appointed to the Spanish Mission by President and

in 1880 was transferred to London, where he remained until 1885. In 1887 he published Democracy, and Other Addresses," which had been delivered in England. Heartsease and Rue," poenis, appeared in 1888; and "Political Essays in the same year. The degree of !). C. L. was conferred on him in 1873, by Oxford; and LL. D. by Cambridge in 1874. For an extended review of the genius and writings of this representative poet, scholar, and man of letters, cp. "Poets of America," chap. ix. [B. D. L.] LOWELL, Maria (White), b. Watertown,

She

Mass., 1821; d. Cambridge, Mass., 1853. was the first wife of James Russell Lowell, to whom she was married in 1844. Her poems were published in a privately printed edition in 1853. Mrs. Lowell was beloved for her intellect and womanly charm.

LOWELL, Robert Traill Spence, brotherof James Russell Lowell, b. Boston, Mass., 1816; d. Schenectady, N. Y., 1891. He studied medicine, but became an Episcopal elergyman in Bermuda, 1842. He passed three years in Newfoundland, was head master of a school in Massachusetts, and professor of Latin in Union College, Schenectady. Author of "The New Priest in Conception Bay," novel, 1858; "Fresh Hearts that Failed Three Thousand Years Ago, and Other Poems," 1860; "A Story or Two from a Dutch Town," 1878. Among his poems is the stirring Defence of Lucknow."

family settled in central California. Mr. Markham took the classical course at Christian Col lege, Santa Rosa, Cal., and studied for the law, but did not practise. He was for many years superintendent and principal of various schools in California, and contributed to the advance of education in that State. In 1899 he resigned the head mastership of the Tompkins Observa tion School at Oakland, and took up his resi dence in Brooklyn, N. Y., not long after the remarkable success of his poem, "The Man with the Hoe,”. suggested by J. F. Millet's painting with the same title. His poems have been collected as The Man with the He, and Other Poems," and "Lincoln, and Other Poems," 1900. For some years he has been at work upon a lyrical epic of the destiny of man here and hereafter.

MARTIN, Edward Sanford, b. “Willow. brook," Owasco Lake, N. Y., 1856. A graduate of Harvard University. He edited the N. Y. "Life" at its start in 1883. The seleetions in this Anthology are taken from his volume of verse, “A Little Brother of the Rich,” 1888. Mr. Martin contributes to Harper's a special department entitled "This

LUNT, George, b. Newburyport, Mass., 1803; d. Boston, Mass., 1885. He was graduated at Harvard, practised law, and with George S. Hillard edited the Boston" Courier" during the Civil War. He published " Poems,” 1839; The Age of Gold," 183; "The Dove and the Eagle,” 1851; “Lyric Poems," 1854; "Radicalism in Religion, Philosophy, and Social Life," 1858; "Origin of the Late War," 1866; Old New England Traits," 1873; "Miscellanies, Poems, etc.," 1884.

LYTLE, William Haines, b. Cincinnati, O., 1826; fell at the battle of Chickamauga, Tenn., 1863. He was an officer in the Mexican and Civil wars, and by gallant conduct gained the rank of brigadier-general of volunteers, An edition of his poems, with memoir by W. H. Venable, appeared in 1894.

MACE, Frances Parker (Laughton), b. Orono, Me., 1856; d. Los Gatos, Cal., 1899, She was married, in 1855, to B. H. Mace, a prominent lawyer of Bangor, Me. Author of Legends, Lyrics, and Sonnets," 1884; and Under Pine and Palin," 1888.

44

MASON, Agnes Louisa (Carter), b. New York, N. Y., 18-. Now a resident of Montclair, N. J. Daughter of Walter Carter, the publisher. She was married to Frank G. Mason in 1896. Mrs. Mason began to write when a young girl, and has published a volumue of verse, The White Nun."

MASON, Caroline Atherton (Briggs), b Marblehead, Mass., 1823; d. 1890, Popularly known as the author of “Do They Miss Me at Home " and "The King's Quest." Published "Utterance, a Collection of Home Poems,” 1852; Lost Ring and Other Poems," 1891.

MASON, Mary Augusta, b. Windsor, N. Y, 18-. Educated at Windsor and Binghamton academies. Adopted daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Charles M. Dickinson, of Binghamton, N. Y. A contributor of verse and prose to the magazines, and author of "With the Seasons," poems, 1897. — Cp. C. M. Dickinson,

MATHEWS, Albert, "Paul Sicgvolk," b. New York, N. Y., 1820, ́ A cousin of the late dramatic poet, Cornelius Mathews, Graduated at Yale in 1842. He practises law in New York City, where he is also prominent in liter ary circles, and has published "Walter Ashwood; a Love Story," 1860; “A Bundle of Papers," 1879; Ruminations, and Other Essays," 1893.

MATHEWS, Cornelius, lawyer, b. Portchester. N. Y., 1817, d. New York, N. Y., 1889. He graduated at the University of New York, and followed his profession in that city, “Behemoth: a Legend of the Mound-Builders." 1839, Puffer Hopkins," 1841, "Poems on Man," 1843, and several dramas which were

produced, were among his more important literary efforts.

MATTHEWS, (James) Brander, b. New Orleans, La., 21 Feb., 1852, Graduated from Columbia University, 1871, and from its law school, 1873, receiving also its degree of A. M., 1874. He was admitted to the N. Y. bar, but has devoted himself to letters and the drama, and is an authority on French dramatic literature. In 1892 he became a member of the Faculty at Columbia, and is one of its profesBors in literature, A founder of the Authors Club, and of the Dunlap Society, and prominent in the organization of the American Copyright League. Has for some years been active with his pen in the defence and maintenance of the national quality in American literature. Prof. Matthews is the author of many works of criticism, fiction, and of plays, but has written little in verse-form. His novels have to do with real life. His comedy" Peter Stuyvesant," written in collaboration with Bronson Howard, was produced in New York, 1899. He is an accomplished bibliophile, and on the alert with respect to the rights and traditions of the literary profession.

MCCABE, William Gordon, b. near Richmond, Va., 4 Aug., 1841; graduated at the University of Virginia. He was a captain of artillery in the Confederate army, and in 1888 became head master of the celebrated Univer sity School at Petersburg, Va., now removed to Richmond. Author of "The Defence of Petersburg, Campaign of 1864-65," 1876; a Latin gran.mar, and several lyrics very popular in the Civil War. Mr. McCabe has enjoyed the intimate friendship of Tennyson, and has been a welcome member of the literary groups of England and America, among whom he is distinguished as a scholar, wit, and raconteur.

MCGAFFEY, Ernest, lawyer, b. London, 0., 1861. Now a resident of Chicago, Ill., where he practises his profession. Besides being identified as an author, Mr. McGaffey has standing as a sportsman, and celebrant of the gun and rod. Poems of Gun and Rod," 1892; "Poems," 1895.

MCLELLAN, Isaac, b. Portland, Me.. 1806; d. Greenport, L. L., 1899. A lawyer and sportsman, who published "The Fall of the Indian," 1830; "The Year and Other Poems," 1832; Poems of the Rod and Gun," 1883. "New England's Dead "has long been a schoolreader classic.

MCMASTER, Guy Humphreys, jurist, b. Clyde, N. Y., 1829; d. Bath. N. Y., Iss7. A graduate of Hamilton College. In 1864 he was elected judge of Steuben Co., N. Y., and in 1884 surrogate of the same county. The unique, masterly. "Carmen Bellicosum' (The Old Continentals ") appeared in the "Knickerbocker Magazine," 1849. He wroto a few other poems, A History of Steuben County," and a series of letters from abroad to' the Steuben Courier."

sonorons

MELLEN, Grenville, lawyer, b. Biddeford, Me., 1799; d. Now York, N. Y., 1441. Followed his profession at Portland and North Yarmouth, Me. The last part of his life was passed in New York. Wrote The Martyr's Triumph, Buried Valley, and Other Poems," 1833, and several prose volumes.

44

MELVILLE, Herman, romancer, b. New York, N. Y., 1 Aug., 1819; d. there, 28 Sept., 1891. He was descended from Major Thomas Melville, one of the participants in the Boston tea-party," and the original of Dr. Holmes's Last Leaf." Mr. Melville early embraced a seafaring life, and gained, as a sailor before the mast, the experiences which are more or less realistically portrayed in his romances of adventure. The first and most successful, "Typee," 1846, was followed by Omoo, 1817 White Jacket," 1850; and "Moby Dick," 1851. On returning from his voyages, he resided for several years at Pittsfield, Mass., engaged in literary pursuits. In 1860 he removed to New York. His poetical works include "Battle-Pieces, and Aspects of the War," 1866, and two privately printed booklets containing his later poems. Melville now holds his station, both in Great Britain and America, as one of the most original romancers that this country has produced. His leading books, Typee," Omoo," "Moby Dick," and "White Jacket," were reprinted in a four volume edition, with an Introduction by Arthur Stedman, in 1892.

MERCER, Margaret, b. Annapolis, Md., 1791; d. 1846. She was a daughter of John Mercer, governor of Maryland." A writer of religious verse. Was engaged in teaching school for the greater part of her life.

MEREDITH, William Tuckey, b. Philadelphia, Penn., 1839. An oflicer of the U. S. army, who served under Farragut in the battle of Mobile Bay, and became his secretary. Afterwards a banker in New York City. He published a novel, "Not of Her Father's Race,"

1891.

MERINGTON, Marguerite, b. Stoke Newington, London, England, 18-. A wellknown and successful playwright of New York City, and writer of occasional short stories.

MERRILL, Charles Edmund, Jr., Yale University, Class of 1898,

MESSINGER, Robert Hinckley, b. Boston, Mass., 1811; d. Stamford, Conn.. 1874. He lived in New York, and contributed short pieces to "The American" of that city.

MIFFLIN, Lloyd, b. Columbia, Penn., 1846. Son of J. Houston Millin, the portrait painter, and himself an artist. He was obliged to abandon painting in 1877, on account of failing health, and afterwards devoted himself to literary work. Always a resident of Columbia. Besides general contributions to the periodicals he has published the following volumes of poems: "The Hills," 1895; "At the Gates of

MILLER, Alice (Duer), sister of Caroline Duer (q. v.), b. near Fort Wadsworth, Staten Island, N. Y., 187-. In 1899 she was married to Henry Wise Miller, and her present residence is Costa Rica, Central America. Mrs. Miller is the joint author with her sister of Poems by Caroline and Alice Duer," 1896.

MILLER, Cincinnatus Hiner (Joaquin), b. Wabash District, Ind., 10 Nov., 1841. When about thirteen he removed to Willamette Valley, Oregon. After a brief experience in a California gold mine he returned, in 1860, to Oregon, studied law, was admitted to the bar, edited the Eugene “ Democratic Register," and practised law in Canyon City. He wrote a defence of the Mexican brigand, Joaquin Murietta, and adopted his first name for a pseudonym. From 1866 to 1870 he was judge of Grant Co., Oregon. He visited England and other parts of Europe in 1870, and in the following year published his first volume of verse, "Songs of the Sierras.' In 1887, after some years of journalistic work in Washington, D. C., he removed to Oakland, Cal. In 1898 he visited the Klondike. His picturesque home is on the heights behind Fruitvale, overlooking San Francisco Bay. Among his works are Songs of the Sunlands, 1873; The Ship of the Desert," "The Ships in the Desert,' "Songs of the Desert," 1875; "The Barones4 of New York," novel, 1877; "Songs of Italy," 1878; Shadows of Shasta," 1881; "The Danites in the Sierras," 1881, a novel, dramatized and successfully produced as "The Danites; " "Memorie and Rime," 188}; "Songs of the Mexican Seas,” 1587;

Songs

of the Soul," 1896. A collective edition of his poems was issued in California, in 1897.

"MILLER, Joaquin."— Seo C. II. Miller. MILLER, Katherine (Wise), b. Spezia, Italy, 18-. Daughter of the late Commodore Henry A. Wise, U. S. N. (author of "Los Gringos, Capt. Brand," etc.), and wife of Commodore J. W. Miller of the naval reserve. Her poem, Stevenson's Birthday," is based ou an actual occurrence.

MITCHELL, Langdon Elwyn, b. Philadelphia, Penn., 1862. Son of Dr. S. Weir Mitchell. Received his education at Berlin and Heidelberg, Germany, and studied for several years at the Harvard law school. He passed the bar examination in New York City. His first book of verse, "Sylvian, a Tragedy, and Porins," 1885, was issued over the pen name of John Philip Varley." His "Poenis" appeared in 1894. Mr. Mitchell has made a study of dramatic construction. Becky Sharp," his successful dramatization of Thackeray's Vanity Fair," was produced at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, by Mrs. Fiske, in 1899.

MITCHELL, Silas Weir, b. Philadelphia, Penn., 15 Feb., 1829. He was graduated at Jefferson Medical College in 1850. Dr. Mitchell has published numerous technical and popular medical works of importance. His volume of short stories, "Hepzibah Guinness,” 1880, was Roland followed by In War Time," 1884; Blake," 1886; "Characteristics,"

Hugh Wynne, Free Quaker," 1897; "The Adventures of François," 1898; "The Auto biography of a Quack," 1899. His first volume of verse, "The Hill of Stones, and Other Poems," appeared in 1882, his collected poems to date in 1896, and The Wager and Other Pocins," 1900. It is interesting to note that Dr. Mitchell, through seniority of years, leads off the authors of the "Second Lyrical Period" (p. 11), although almost the first lyric by which he won the critical public was the delightful bit of patrician verse, "A Decanter of Madeira, composed in 1880, His son, Langdon Elwyn, by a pleasant coincidence, and by transmission of the poetic gift, is the firstnamed author in the closing division of this Anthology.

MITCHELL, Walter, clergyman, b. Nantucket, Mass., 1826. He was graduated at Harvard, entered the Episcopal ministry, and presided over several churches in the East. Was editorially connected with The Churchman," contributed to other periodicals, in versø and prose, and is the author of the well-known polemic novel, "Bryan Maurice,” and of a volume of poems.

MONROE, Harriet, b. Chicago, Ill., 186-. Graduated at the Visitation Academy, Georgetown, D. C. She has always resided at Chicago, where she wrote the text of the cantata for the opening of the Chicago Auditorium, 1889, Mis Munroe having been appointed to write the

Columbian Ode on the occasion of the dedicatory ceremonies of the World's Columbian Exposition, her ode was read before a vast gathering on the 400th anniversary, -21 Oct., 1892 of the discovery of America. It was published the following year. Author of "Valeria, and Other Poems," 1891; *John Wellborn Root, a Memoir," 1896; and of many reviews and sketches.

--

MONTGOMERY, George Edgar, b. New York, N. Y., 1855; d. there, 1898. Studied at the College of the City of New York, and at Paris. Always a resident of New York. Was for some time dramatic critic of the N. Y. "Times," and correspondent for various papers. His writings in prose and verse have not been collected.

MOODY, William Vaughn, educator, b. Spencer, Ind., 1869, Graduated at Harvard, 1893, and has been instructor in English litera ture at the University of Chicago and assistant in the English department of Harvard. Editor of the "Cambridge " Milton, 1899, and author of uncollected poems and of "The Masque of Judgment," drama, 1900.

MOORE, Clement Clarko, educator, b. New York, N. Y., 1779; d. Newport, K. I., 1863. Professor of Oriental languages at the New York General Theological Seminary from 1821 until his death. His famous poem. "A Visit from St. Nicholas," written for his children, Christmas, 1822, was sent without his knowledge to the Troy "Sentinel," where it appeared anonymously Dec. 23, 1823. A collection of his verse was published in 1844,

MORGRIDGE, Harriet Sampson, b. Chesterville, Me, 18-, Miss Morgridge's occasional verse is often written in a quaint and original vein.

..

MORRIS, Georgo Pope, journalist, b. Philadelphia, Penn., 1802; d. New York, N. Y., 1864. Removed to New York at an early age, where he became a prominent figure in literary circles. In 1823 he established with Samuel Woodworth the Mirror," which he edited until 1844. Two years later he founded the Home Journal," with N. P. Willis as coeditor, and was connected with this periodical for the remainder of his life. His drama of the Revolution, Briar Cliff," was produced with success. His best-known song is "Woodman, Others are almost as Spare that Tree!" popular. A volume of his prose sketches was published in 1836, and a collective edition of "Poems" in 1860,

MORRIS, Gouverneur, Yale University, Class of 1898.

MORRIS, Harrison Smith, b. Philadel. phia, Penn., 1856, Always a resident of that city, where he received his education in the grammar schools, supplementing it by reading and study. He was engaged in business and literary work until 1893, when his activity and learning in art matters brought him the ap pointment of managing director of the Penn, Acad. of the Fine Arts. In 1899 he became editor of the new Lippincott's Magazine." Author of "Tales from Ten Poets," 1893; "Tales from Shakespeare," continuing the work of Charles and Mary Lamb, 1893; "Madonna, and Other Poems," 1894. Editor of "In the Yule Log Glow," 1892.

MORSE, James Herbert, educator and critic, b. Hubbardstown, Mass., 1841. Graduated at Harvard. He established the Morse and Rogers Collegiate School in New York City, and is a frequent contributor, in verse and prose, to periodical literature. Author of "Summer-Haven Songs," 1886. Mr. Morse is a leading member of the Authors Club, and of the Council of the American Copyright League.

MOULTON, Ellen Louise (Chandler), b. Pomfret, Conn., 1835. She was educated at a seminary in Troy, N. Y., wrote for publication in girlhood, and was married, at twenty, to the Boston publisher, William Moulton. She be came the Boston literary correspondent of the N. Y. "Tribune," in which for years her letters and reports were conspicuous. Mrs. Moulton has visited Europe frequently, and was the literary executor of the English poet Philip Bourke Marston, whose poems she edited, with a feeling preface. Her works include "This, That, and the Other,' stories, essays, and poems, 1854; "Juno Clifford," novel, 1855;

Poems," 1877; **Swallow-Flights, and Other Poems,' 1878; "Random Rambles," 1881; "Some Women's Hearts," 1*88; In the Garden of Dreams, Lyrics and Sonnets," 1890; 'At the Wind's Will,” 1900. This last volume contains the following tribute to Miss. Howells, which, because of the late publication of the book, could not be inserted on its rightful page in this Anthology.

THE CLOSED CATE

But life is short ; so gently close the gate.

WISTERED HOWELLS.

--

Thus wrote she when the heart in her was high,
And her brief tale of youth seemed just begun.
Like some white flower that shivers in the sun
She heard from far the low winds prophesy -
Blowing across the grave where he must lie -
Had strange prevision of the victory won
In the swift race that Life with Death should run,
And, hand in hand with Life, saw Death draw uigh.
Beyond this world the hostile surges foam :
Our eyes are dim with tears and cannot kee
In what fair paths her feet our coming wait,
What stars rise for her in her far new hɔme.
We but conjecture all she yet may be,

While on the Joy she was, we close the gate.

MUHLENBERG, William Augustus, Episcopal clergyman, b. Philadelphia, Penn., 1796; d. New York, N. Y., 1877. Graduated at the University of Pennsylvania. He was rector of the Church of the Holy Communion in New York from 1843 until his death. "I would not live alway" is the best known of his hynins.

MUNGER, Robert Louis, Yale University, Class of 1897.

MUNKITTRICK, Richard Kendall, b. Manchester, England, 1853. Came to America in childhood, and received education at private academies. A resident of Summit, N. J. On editorial staff of "Puck," 1881-89, Some of his contributions in prose and verse to the periodicals have been published as Farming." 1891;The Moon Prince, and Other Nabobs," 1893; "The Acrobatic Muse," 1897 ; etc. NASON, Emma (Huntington), b. Hallowell, Me., 1845. She lives in Augusta, Mo., and has written White Sails," verse, 1888; Legends and Lyrics," 1893,

The Tower, with

NEAL, John, b. Portland. Me., 1793; d. Portland, Me., 1876. After admission to the bar at Baltimore, Md., 1819, he spent several