inhabitants of the said islands are to enjoy the fullest security for their persons, property, and other rights, as well as a free exercise of their religion.-Answer. All bonâ fide Da question whereto he is himself assisting by his opinion and advice-Surely, Sir, if such a combination of legislative and judicial functions can be in any wise constitutionally centered in the same individual; the ex-nish inhabitants shall enjoy the fullest secuecution of the latter should be compensated by a fixed and limited salary (I care not how large the talents, the exertions and the integrity of the present judge of the admiralty deserve every honor and claim high remuneration), nor should that officer be permitted to enrich himself by judgments passed on vessels, detained by his own order, and which must, as. I have said, prove lucrative in proportion to the scope and extent of that order.-You, Sir, who so ably exposed the unconstitutional inconsistency of a chief justice of the king's bench being a member of the cabinet, will, I am sure, admit the equal incongruity manifest in a judge of the admiralty (paid as he at present is) having a seat in the privy council. If the former be a source of power unreconcilable with the freedom, the latter is a source of profit no less incompatible with the purity of the constitution. British justice, Mr. Cobbett, in the spotlessness of its chastity, should, like the wife of Cæsar, be inaccessible even to the suspicion of a reproach Shond you deem the present worthy of insertion in your Register, I shall trouble you with some further remarks on this court of judicature.-I am, Sir, &c. 30th November, 1807. 2. OFFICIAL PAPERS. ENGLAND.- -On the 9th of Feb 1808, the Capture of the Danish West India Islands was announced in the London Gazette.The following are the Articles of Capitulation. (Concluded from p. 416.) Sir Alexander Cochrane, Knight of the Bath, and Commander in Chief of the Nar val Forces employed at Barbadoes and the Leeward Islands, on the part of his Britannic Majesty, and Colonel Van Scholten, Commandant of the said Danish Islands, on the part of his Majesty the King of Denmark. 1*Ir ཕྱི, J¥ *རྟ?ck, Art. I. The islands of St. Thomas and St. John's, and their dependencies, are hereby placed under the protection of his Britannic Majesty Answer. War being declared between the two nations, the islands of St.Thomas and St. John's, and their dependencies, must be surrendered to the forces of his Bri tannic Majesty. Art. H. Military honours are to be shewn at the surrender: the officers keep and continue to carry their swords. Answer. Agreed to.-Art. IIE All the 1 rity for their persons and properties, as well as a free exercise of their religion, provided they do not in any measure cover, or attempt to cover, the property of the enemies of Great Britain and Ireland. By property is to be understood, all goods and merchandise, now on shore. And to render any farther explanation on this head unnecessary, it is required, that all Danish inhabitants, and those of other nations, not at war with Great Britain, shall give is, when called upon, and if demanded, on oath, a strict and impartial account of all property belonging to the enemies of Great Britain, either in their own possession, or within their knowledge, thereby fully securing the intention of this article. -Art. IV. Arms and ammunition to be delivered by a commission composed of officers of both parties; also the magazines and provisions, and what else may be found in the forts, as it shall be found to day according to returns to be drawn up.-Answer. Agreed to. Art. V. All Danish officers, and the garrison, to be conveniently and safely condacted to their native country; and those that might desire to proceed via America or elsewhere, to be provided with proper passports, or to remain in this country if they wish-Answer. The garrison must be considered as prisoners of war, and conveyed to Europe as speedily as possible, and every indulgence shewn them-Art. VI. No military to be quartered in houses, but in barracks and proper rooms to be assigned by the burgher council, and a commission appointed to that end. Answer. Agreed to; but the buildings must be such as the quarter master general approves of.-Art. VII. The Danish laws and ordinances to remain in force. All courts and judicial offices to be occupied by the present officers. Delinquents under confinement not to be released until their sentence is passed and enforced.-Answer.The Danish laws and ordinances shall remain in force, subject to the pleasure of his Britannic Majesty. The judicial offices to continue occupied by the present persons; but they, as well as all civil officers, must be subject to the approbation of the commanders in chief. latter part of this article is agreed to on the same condition. An English custom house will be established on the same basis as in the British colonies.-Art. VIII. The king's and public treasuries, all public book keepings, and accounts, archieves and protocols remain unmolested, under the hands of the The respective officers, for mutual security and use.-Answer. All public property, and all property belonging to the King of Denmark, or to his government, must be given up (to his Britannic Majesty), and all public papers and records must be submitted to the inspec tion of the British. The records and papers will be allowed to remain in the proper offices. -Art. IX. His Majesty the King of Denmark, having advanced loans to the planters, the said planters continue to pay off according to the method regulated, unto his said Majesty the King of Denmark, who retains the right of mortgage on the estates.-Answer. Answered in the last article; but any sum now due, shall be paid without deJay, to such persons as shall be appointed by the commanders in chief (subject to the pleasure of his Britannic Majesty).-Art. X. No inhabitant shall be compelled to carry arms, or perform duty, when he has made his oath of neutrality.-Answer. Agreed to; but they will be required to take an oath of allegiance to the British government, expressing that they will not, either openly or secretly, do any thing hostile to the British government.-Art. XI. The Americaus shall be permitted, without constraint, to export the produce of the islands, and to provide them with necessities. The inhabifants are allowed to ship their produce to America.Answer. These colonies must tre under the same laws as govern the British West India islands.-Art, XII. The free coloured people of this island shall be regarded and protected as heretofore under the Danish government, and they shall not be forced to do any military duty.Answer. The Danish free coloured people will be protected as heretofore, and will not be forced to do any military duty; but they must take an oath of allegiance, conformably to the tenth article.-Art. XIII. In the general claims of Danish and neatral property to be respected, as belonging to its lawful owners, is also comprehended the vessels and all property afloat in the harbours, or what might arrive during the time the Danish colonies may remain in the possession of his Britannic Majesty.-Answer. Answered by the reply to the third article.-Art. XIV. Slaves to remain the undisputed property of their present lawful owners.-Answer. Slaves being property, this has already been settled by the answer to the third article.-Art. XV. The police of this island, continues to perform its official functions with the same authority as under the Danish government, and according to the laws, and usages of the country. Answer. This has already been answered by the reply to the seventh article. Art. XVI. The paper money issued by his Danish Majesty is to remain in circulation as heretofore. Answer. Granted, subject to the pleasure of his Britannic Majesty,-All the forts, military posts, and vessels of war, must be given up as soon as the capitulation is ratified by the comma ders in chief,Dated, St. Thomas, Dec. 21, 1807. Articles of capitulation for the surrender of the Danish Island of Santa Croix, and its dependencies, entered into between General Henry Bowyer, commander of the land forces, and Rear Admiral the Honourable Sir Alexander Cochrane, Knight of the Bath, and commander in chief of the naval forces employed at Barbadoes and the Leeward Islands, on the part of his Britannic Majesty, and Governor Lillienschiold, of the said Danish island and dependencies, on the part of his Majesty the King of Denmark. Art. I. By delivering up the island, all military honours are to be given. The garrison to march ont with their arms, ammunition, drums beating, and flying banners. The troops shall on no account whatsoever, be considered as prisoners of war. The infantry and cavalry to remain in-undisturbed possession of their arms. The corps of ar tillery to keep in possession two field pieces and an ammunition waggon.-Answer. The garrison shall march out with all the honours of war, as expressed, and the officers shall keep their swords; but all must be prisoners of war, and all arms, except officers' swords, shall be faithfully delivered up.-Art. II. The entire military force shall have liberty to remain in their quarters in the island, and receive their usual pay and victuals, until the same, through suitable means, ande pou British expence, can be transportcd to some convenient place in Denmark, in possession of his Danish Majesty. None of the forces to be permitted to enter into the British service, and all to keep possession of their luggage and equipage. Should any of the officers wish to go to America, or any other neutral country, on their way home, they are to be provided with passports to that effect, and they will be permitted to stay two months in the island, from the time this capitulation is signed.-Answer. The garrison will be conveyed to England as soon as ships can conveniently be provided, and every indulgence will be shewn them. Their pay cannot be paid by the British, but they will receive the usual rations and allowances issued to prisoners of war. The officers and men will have their private property pre served to them. Passports shall be given to such officers as may require them, to go to America. Those officers who wish to re main two or three months, shall be allowed, and the men shall be quartered as long as they remain on the island. No other answer can be given to this article, except that the officers may rely upon every respect and civility being shewn to them -Art. III. Those military officers, who wish to remain in the island, are permitted to do so. Answer. Agreed to.-Art. IV. All the arms and ammunition to be delivered up by a commission of officers of both parties; also the roval stores and provisions, and what else of his majesty's property shall be found in the forts; also the money in the king's treasuries, all according to the specification which is to be made as soon as the country is surrendered-Answer. Agreed to; but a bonâ fide account supported by proofs shall be given Art V. All churches and religious congregations shall be supported in their respective rights and privileges.Answer. Agreed to.--Art VI. The Danish Iws and special ordinances of this country, shall remain in full and uncontrolled vigour and execution as hitherto; and justice to be admastered by the persons now in office. The appeal from the upper court, to go as usual to the high court of justice at Copenbagen. All the civil officers are to remain in the administration of their respective othCes The police of this island is to be adninistered as hitherto, with the same authority as under the Danish government, according to the received usages of the island, and by the same persons. Answer. The Danish law's and ordinances shall remain in full-force until the peace. The same officers, justicial and civI, shall remain in their several places, but abject to the pleasure of the comniander ia chief.-The appeal from the upper courts, must go to his Britannic Majesty in council. The police will remain undisturbed, and exercised by the same persons. Art. VII. All private property belonging to persons present or absent, to individuals, or bodies corporate, of every denomination, is to be respected, and the proprietors to remain in full and uncontrolled possession and administration of the same, by themselves, or by their attornies.-The inhabitants of this island are to have it in their power either to dispose of their produce here, or to ship it to England, America, or elsewhere. Answer. All Danish property on shore (except such produce as may have been relanded from on board ship since the blockade of the island; and such coffee the produce of St. Dominica now stored here) shall be fully secured to the proprietors, provided they do not in any manner cover, or attempt to cover, the property of may the enemies of Great Britain and Ireland.-The latter part of this article will be referred to in the answer to article XIII-Art. VIII. No inhabitant shall be compelled on any pretence whatever to bear arms against his Danish Majesty, or any other power, or per form any military duty. The inhabitants are to keep their arms and ammunition; those who wish to remain on the island, shall swear to observe a strict neutrality, and those who may wish to quit it, shall be allowed to dispose of their property, or to appoint attornies for the administration of the same.--Answer. The inhabitants shall not be compelled to bear arms against his Danish Majesty, but they must take an oath of alle giance, binding themselves to do nothing hostle against the British government, openly, or secretly.--They shall keep their arms, but subject to the controul of his Britannic Majesty's governor.-They may remain in the island, or quit it, as they please; they may also dispose of their properties, and appoint attornies for the administration of the same.--Art. IX. The free people of colour shall continue to enjoy their freedom and property, and in every respect to be treated as the other inhabitants --Answer. Agreed to; they taking the oath of allegiance to the British government.-Art. X. No officer or soldier shall be billetted on the inhabitants, every assistance shall be given to procure proper quarters.-Answer. Agreed to; but proper quarters shall be assigned to the British garrison, which shall be approved of by the quarter master general of the army. Art. XI. The loans belonging to his Danish Majesty, are to be considered, as they really are, private property-Answer. All property whatever, which in any way belongs to the King of Denmark must be surrendered to his Britannic Majesty the King of Great Britain and Ireland; and all sums now due on loans, as well as what may become so, must be regularly paid to commissioners appointed to receive the same; but the principles of equity which have governed his Danish Majesty's instructions on the subject, will be observed. Art. XII. All pubfic books, archives, and registers of government, or the burgher council, and all other public offices, shall be held sacred, and unmolested in the respective offices, under the care of the present officers.Answer. Agreed to; subject to the inspection of the British government.-Art. XIII. The ports of the colony shall be open to all American and all other neutral vessels, which shall be permitted to import provisions and supplies, and to export sugar and rum, and other coldnial produce, free of duties. duties.The inhabi tants shall enjoy the same liberty of impor- | Emperor Napoleon wills, that this fine tation and exportation in their own vessels, and with regard to the payment of customs and duties on importation, be placed on a footing with the most favoured British colonies. Answer The colony must trade subject to the British laws, as in force in the British West India islands, and shall have whatever advantages are allowed to the most favoured British colony.-Art. XIV. His Danish Majesty has, for the use of this and the other Dauish islands, issued a certain paper currency, whereof a considerable sum is now in the possession of the community. As such paper money has hitherto passed, to the great convenience of the inhabitants, it is to pass hereafter as current money, as well as jocs, dollars, rials, stivers; and no alteration to be made in their respective values.-Answer. Agreed to; subject to the pleasure of his Britannic Majesty.-Art. XV. Certain persons, Danes, having engaged in a danger ous conspiracy, for the purpose of subverting, even by means of assassination, the existing order of things, the enquiry already instituted is to proceed against the persons arrested, and such others as may hereafter be detected to have been implicated, in the same manner as if the colony had remained under the Danish flag; and when the enquiry is at an end, those persons are to be seht to Denmark to take their trials.-Answer. Agreed to; but from this time all further proceedings must be subject to the final orders of the King of Great Britain and Ireland. Art. XVI. The commanders in chief are to dispatch immediately two swift sailing vessels to Denmark with copies of this capitulation.--Answer. The commanders in chief will forward immediately by an English ship of war any dispatches that the governor may have via London,The forts and batteries shall be delivered up as soon as these articles are ratified by the commanders in chief. Dated, Frederickstaat, Santa Croix, Dec. 25, 1807. PORTUGAL. Proclamation of General Junot, 1st February, Lisbon, 1808. Inhabitants of the kingdom of Portugal. Your interests have engaged the attention of his Majesty the Emperor and King, our master, all irresolution ought to dis appear the destinies of Portugal are brightening, and her future happiness is secured, because Napoleon the great has taken her under his omnipotent protection. The prince of Brazil, by leaving Portugal, renounced all his rights and sovereignty over this kingdom. The house of Braganza has ceased to reign in Portugal; the country shall be governed entirely in his name, by the general in chief of his Army The task which this mark of the benevolence and confidence of my master inposes on me, is of difficult execution, but I hope to perform it in a proper manner, supported as I am by the labour of the most intelligent men of this kingdom, and the kind disposition of its inhabitants.— I have formed a council of government to enlighten me with regard to the good which I must do; and perennial Administrations shall be appointed, in order to point out to me the ineans of improving the administration, and establishing order and economy in the management of the public wealth I shall order roads to be made and canals formed, to facilitate communication, and to cause agriculture and national industry to flourish, two branches indispensibly required for the prosperity of a country, which it will be easy to restore to a people, enlightened, persevering, and intrepid. The Portuguese troops, commanded by the most deserving of their chiefs, will soon form but one family with the soldiers of Marengo, Austerlitz, Jena, and Friedland ; and no · rivalry will exist between them, but that of valour and discipline.The public revenue, well managed, will secure to every person employed in its administration, the reward of his labours; and public instruction, that only source of the civilisation of nations, shall be diffused through the different provinces, and Algrave and upper Beira will also produce their Camoens. The religion of your forefathers, the same which we ali profess, shall be protected by the same hand which restored it to the rast French empire, free from the superstition. which disgraced it; justice will be equally administered, freed from all delays "and" arbitrary proceedings which degrade it Public tranquillity shall no more be disturbed by daring high-way robbers, the offspring of idleness, and should any incorrigible miscreants be found, an active police shall rid the country of them: No hideous beggars shall henceforth offend the eyes of the industrious inhabitants of this superb capital, nor of the interior of the country; workhouses shall be erected for that purpose, where the maimed poor shall find an asylum, and the idle be employed in labour necessary for his own maintenance and preservation.Inhabitants of the kingdum of Portugal, be peaceful and without fear; repel the instigations of those who wish to lead you to rebellion, and who do not care how much blood is shed provided | department; court De S. Pais is nominated it be the blood of the continent; confide implicitly in our exertions for your welfares you will reap all its fruits. Should it be necessary, in the first moment, to make some sacrifices, they, will be solely required to place the government in a proper condition to meliorate your fate. They are indispensably necessary for the sustenance of a large army, required for the execution of the vast projects of the Great Napoleon. His watchful eyes are fixed on you, and your future happiness is certain. He will love you as much as his French subjects: endeavour to deserve his favours by a respectful conduct and submission to his will. PORTUGAL. Decree of General Junot, Ist February, 1808. 1. The kingdom of Portugal shall henceforth be entirely governed in the name of his Majesty the Emperor and King, by the general in chief of the French army in Portugal-2. The council of regency ap. pointed by his Royal Highness the Prince of Brazil, became suppressed from the very moment that the said Prince left the kingdom of Portugal.-3. There shall be a council of government under the presidency of the general in chief, composed of a secretary of state, charged with the administration of the interior and of the finances, with two counsellors of government, one of which shall be charged with the department of the interior, and the other with that of the finances; further, of a secretary of state charged with the war and marine department, assisted by one counsellor of government charged with the war and marine department; and of one chancellor of government, charged with the department of justice and religious worship, with the title of Regedor. There shall be a secretary general charged with the archives.-4. All the Corregedores in the neighbouring districts, all ordinary judges and justices, civil and criminal; in one word, all the public officers shall be confirmed in their places, with the exception of such dismissals as the interest of the state shall render necessary, and of the changes which may be found required in the various appointments they hold, and the nature of their functions.-5. M. Her man is appointed secretary of state, and charged with the department of the interior and the finances; Don Pedro de Mello is nominated chancellor of government; M. d'Auvere is charged with the department of the finances; M. Lhurte is appointed seeretary of state for the war and marine i counsellor of government for the department of war and that of the marine; M. Principal Castro is appointed chancellor of government for the department of justice. and religions worship, with the title of Regedor; M. Vienez Voublanc is appointed. secretary general.-6. In every province there shall be an Administrator general,. with the title of Corregedor-Mór, charged with the direction of all the branches. of administration; he shall keep a watchfal eye over the interests of the province, point out to government such improvements as it shall be necessary to make, as well with regard to agriculture as to industry in general. He is to correspond on the above subiect with the secretary of state, whose department they respectively belong, and with regard to such matters as concern justice or religions worship, with the Regedor.-There shall also be in each province a general officer, charged with the preservation of public tranquillity and order. His other functions shall be merely military, but on public festivals and solemn occasions he shall be placed on the right of the Corregedor-Mor. There shall be a Corregedor Mor in the province of Estremadura, who shall riside in Coimbra, aud a Corregedor-Mor in Lisbon, and the districts belonging thereto, which shall be defined and bounded in an exact manner. to PORTUGAL.—Decree of General Junot, dated In pursuance of his imperial Majesty's decree, bearing date the 23d December, 1867, in the name of his said Majesty, we, the governor of Paris, first aid de-camp of his imperial Majesty, general-in-chief of the French army in Portugal, have decreed and do decree as follow:-Art. I. An extraordinary war-contribution of forty millions of crusades, shall be levied on the kingdom of Portugal. The contribution of twelve millions of crusades, imposed and already discharged since the arrival of the French shall be set off from the present contribution, and be accounted for by our receiver gene ral.II. Towards the said extraordinary. contribution, the merchants, bankers; and. holders, of rents and contracts in the kingdom of Portugal, shall pay six millions of crusades, through the intervention of the board of trade, which is proportionally to divide the said sum on all the individuals, according to the fortune which they are known or supposed to possess; and this contribution shall be discharged in the following manner :-The first third shall be |