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power to contract in reference thereto. Married women are hereby fully emancipated from all disability on account of coverture. But this shall not prevent the Legislature from regulating contracts between husband and wife; nor shall the Legislature be prevented from regulating the sale of homesteads.

269. XIV.

of

Every devise or bequest of lands, tenements or hereditaments, or any interest therein, of freehold, or less than freehold, either present or future, vested or contingent, or of any money directed to be raised by the sale thereof, contained in any last will and testament, or codicil, or other testamentary writing, in favor of any religious or ecclesiastical corporation, sole or aggregate, or any religious or eccleciastical society, or to any religious denomination, or association persons, or to any person or body politic, in trust, either expressed or implied, secret or resulting, either for the use and benefit of such religious corporation, society, denomination or association, or for the purpose of being given or appropriated to charitable uses or purposes, shall be null and void, and the heirsat-law shall take the same property so devised or bequeathed, as though no testamentary disposition had been made.

270. XIV.

Every legacy, gift or bequest of money or personal property, or of any interest, benefit or use therein, either direct, implied or otherwise, contained in any last will and testament, or codicil, in favor of any religious or ecclesiastical corporation, sole or aggregate, or any religious or

That Missouri is a free and independent State, subject only to the Constitution of the United States; and as the preservation of the States and the maintenance of their governments are necessary to an indestructible Union, and were intended to coexist with it, the Legislature is not authorized to adopt, nor will the people of this State ever assent to, any amendment or change of the Constitution of the United States which may in anywise impair the right of local self-government belonging to the people of this State.

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tracts, or making any irrevocable grant of special privileges, franchises or immunities shall be passed by the Legislative Assembly.

15. I.

NEBRASKA.

All penalties shall be proportioned to the nature of the offense, and no conviction shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture of estate; nor shall any person be transported out of the State for any offense committed within the State.

mar

All property, both real and personal, of the wife, owned or claimed by her before riage, and that acquired afterward by gift, devise or descent, shall be her separate property; and laws shall be passed more clearly defining the rights of the wife in relation, as well to her separate property, as to that held in common with her husband. Laws shall also be passed providing for the registration of the wife's separate property. 4. XV.

No perpetuities shall be allowed, except for elemosynary purposes.

23. I.

NEW HAMPSHIRE. Retrospective laws are highly injurious, oppressive, and unjust. No such laws, therefore, should

That this State shall ever remain a member of the American Union; that the people thereof are a part of the American Nation; that there is no right on the part of the State to secede, and that all attempts, from whatever source or upon whatever pretext, to dissolve said Union, or to sever said Nation, ought to be resisted with the whole power of the State. 5. I

That every citizen of this State owes paramount allegiance to the Constitution and government of the United States, and that no law or ordinance of the State in contravention or subversion thereof can have any binding force.

32. I. Retrospective laws, punishing acts committed before the existence of such laws, and by them only declared criminal, are oppres

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sive, unjust and incompatible with liberty; wherefore no ex post facto law ought to be made. No law taxing retrospective sales, purchases, or other acts previously done, ought to be passed.

5. VI.

The following classes of persons shall be disqualified for office: First, all persons who shall deny the being of Almighty God. Second, all persons who shall have been convicted of treason, perjury or of any other infamous crime, since becoming citizens of the United States, or of corruption, or malpractice in office, unless such person shall have been legally restored to the rights of citizenship.

6. X.

The real and personal property of any female in this State, acquired before marriage, and all property, real and personal, to which she may, after marriage, become in any manner, entitled, shall be and remain the sole and separate estate and property of such female, and shall not be liable for any debts, obligations or engagements of her husband, and may be devised and bequeathed, and with the written assent of her husband, conveyed by her as if she were unmarried.

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by the law, no act of severity which is not necessary to secure an accused person shall be permitted.

5. I.

SOUTH CAROLINA.

This State shall ever remain a member of the American Union, and all attempts, from whatsoever source, or upon whatever pretext, to dissolve the said Union, shall be resisted with the whole power of the State. 21. I.

No bill of attainder, ex post facto law, nor any law impairing the obligation of contracts, shall ever be enacted; and no conviction shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture of estate. 32. I.

No property qualifications shall be necessary for an election to or the holding of any office, and no office shall be created, the appointment to which shall be for a longer time than good behavior. After the adoption of this Constitution any person who shall fight a duel or send or accept a challenge for that purpose, or be an alder or abettor in fighting a duel, shall be deprived of holding any office of honor or trust in this State, and shall be otherwise punished as the law shall prescribe. 40. L

All navigable waters shall remain forever public highways, free to citizens of the State and the United States, without tax, impost or toll imposed; and no tax, toll, impost or wharfage shall be imposeú, demanded or received from the owner of any merchandise or commodity, for the use of the shores, or any wharf erected on the shores, or in or over the waters of any

Every citizen of this State owes paramount allegiance to the Constitution and government of the United States, and no law or ordinance of this State in contravention or subversion thereof can have any binding force. 8. XIV.

The real and personal property of a woman held at the time of her marriage, or that which she may thereafter acquire, either by gift, grant, inheritance, devise or otherwise, shall not be subject to levy and sale for her husband's debts, but shall be held as her separate property, and may be bequeathed, devised or alienated by her the same as if she were unmarried: Provided, That no gift or grant from the husband to the wife shall be detrimental to the just claims of his creditors.