B. Bokki-bodéhi (bokki meams baobabs), east of Bákway, many Féllani.

B. Rufáni, close on the west side of Súru.

B. Gójia, called B. Biríji by the Fúlbe, on the west side of the river of Bunza.

B. Fónia, on the same water.

B. Kusége, west of Bákoshi, between it and Matánkarí, south of Bunza.

Dembul, between Jinga and Bunza, west of Kermíssa.
Shéma, south of Bunza.

B. I'ssafay, south of Bunza, with much agriculture.

B. Bókkiré, south of Bunza.

B. Dúkkishi on a ráfi, between Géza and Fingílla.

B. Kúkadó, at a short distance east of Débe.

B. Kariya, east of Kúkadó, south of Zogírma.

B. O'wa, on an eminence overhanging a water with crocodiles, east of Karíya.

B. Belaide, south of O'wa.

B. Bamba, south of Yélu.

Kahinjanawa, south of Bamba, east of Débe.

Búnu, east of Kahinjanawa.

Wauna, between Débe and Gáya.

Dówa, west of Gíro.

Babá-abú, between Bendu and Gíro.

Barkéhi or Kalgo, between Tóro and Gíro, on a ford of the

river.

Bilámo, south of Jókwa, between it and Gíro.

Yánderúdwel, formerly a hamlet, now a town in the fád

dama.

Bólopássi, south of the former, and between it and Gíro.
Goljilláhi, on the Kwára.

DE'NDI OR SONGHAY TOWNS AND COLONIES. 543

Towns inhabited, or colonies founded, by Dendi or Songhay on the west side of the river, in the country of Barba or Burgu.

I'ló, beyond the I'sa, one day from Búsa.

Garú.
Loló.

Birni-n-Sámiya, a Songhay colony, one day S.W. of I'ló, on the Góru, a shallow branch joining the Kwára. Takku, one day south from Sámiya; the inhabitants have vindicated their independence against the Fúlbe. Shéguná, at no great distance W.N.W. from Takku. Derénna, S.W. of Shéguná.

Ifínna, south of Derénna.

Súgu, residence of an independent governor.
Udíllo.

Garí-n-Danga, Lord of Géndané.

B. Girris.

Yántalá.

B. Táru.

B. Gésseró.

Láffagá, west of Beréwuay.

B. Búttulé, east of I'ló.

B. Fúttufúttu, west of Búttulé.

B. Kóchi, west of Fúttufúttu, inhabited by people called Koi-jebába, subjects of the governor of Gáya.

B. Genne, on the Kwára, rich in dorówa trees.

B. Búri, on the Kwára, east of Genne.

B. Bailil, on a rocky eminence on the Kwára.

B. Béfoye, west of Tanda, south of the Kwára.

B. Somsum, south of the Kwára, which separates it from

Gáya.

B. Fárma.

I here add the itinerary of the track from Sokoto to Komba on the Niger, which was the common route of travellers a few years ago, and which will show the situation of several places mentioned in this and a former Appendix.

1st day. Tózo, open place, having passed the gulbi-nSókoto.

2nd. Katámmi, territory of Khalílu.

3rd. Aúgi, walled place, skirted on the west side by a watercourse navigable in the rainy season.

4th. Kánará, in the same valley.

5th. Gulma, at the foot of a large mountain, skirted on the east side by a fáddama.

6th. Sáwa, rich in corn.

7th. Kaikayági, a village skirted on the south side by a fáddama.

8th. Kúka, birni, with a fáddama on the south side.

9th. Dáji (wilderness; no town).

10th. Débé, birni.

11th. Yélu, birni, in the valley of Fógha, where salt is found. 12th. Tunga, a hamlet on a fáddama, with plenty of rice

and fish.

13th. Sánehína, on a fáddama or backwater of the Kwára. 14th. Komba, on the other side of the Kwára, which you here cross. The latter places, beginning with Débé, inhabited by Songhay or Jermábe.

YA'URI.-ZABERMA.

545

PART II.

A FEW REMARKS ON THE PROVINCE OF YA'URI, AND ON THOSE OF MA'URI AND ZABE'RMA.

MOHAMMED, the elder brother and predecessor of Khalílu, granted imána to Dan-Ay, a Nyffáwi by birth, who ruled Yáuri for thirty years, and was succeeded by Mafóri, who governs Yáuri at the present time.

The annual tribute which Yáuri pays to Gandó consists of 500 shirts, and from thirty to fifty slaves; while that of Núpe consists of 1000 shirts and 300 slaves.

I will here add a few remarks with regard to Núpe or Nyffi. The northern frontier of Núpe or Nyffi is Fáshi; the eastern border towards Gwári is Líffe; the southern one, Kóro, towards Yúguchi and Búnu. The large town Charági, inhabited half by Yorubáwa, half by Nyffáwa, is two days from Rába by way of Karákará. It is the Yorubawa who call the Núpe people, Tápa. The Nyffáwa themselves call the Háusawa, Kenchi, and the Fúlbe, Goy. The Hausáwa call the Nyffáwa, as well as some other related tribes, Baibay. The rivulet or fáddama called Kontagóra separates the territory of the Abéwa or Ebbáwa from that of Núpe, while on the other side it borders upon Yáuri. On the Kontagóra is the large town Kúra, belonging to the Kámbari. The Abéwa live especially on the Manjára, are said to have an idiom of their own, and are armed exclusively with arrows. The people of Núpe Proper are exclusively cavalry.

Principal towns and villages in the province of Yáuri, beginning from Bessekúttu:-Shenga, Kákaté, Dukku, B. Yauri, Gangwo, Sáwasi, Tondi, Funtu-n-dúchi, Fombo, Sombo, A'rgidá, Shóbbonó, Rábakó, Bágedé, Mofóngi, Lúchi, Móchipá, Ngáski, A'gurá, O'baká (large place), Berway, Kwéne, Zente, Mojínga, all near to B. Yáuri; Mófiló

(domain of the heir apparent or "dan serkí," half a day E. from Yáuri), Wára (a place of embarcation, “báki-n-makétare,” on the Kwára), Jatáwu, Kawóje, between Yáuri and a place called Dandi Féllani; Bokki-júrurú, Lanne, Sonwuay, Dúchior Dútsi-n-Mári. Now follow the islands, or "gúngu," in the river, all of which are inhabited by Kámbari: Shíshiya, Rópiya, Gabáilo. The principal towns of the independent Kámbari are: Rejó, Béto, Fantandáchi, A'chira, Shébbenó, Rába-n-Kámbari, Ubakka.

I here add the seats of three particular tribes settled in the neighbourhood of Yáuri: the Bangi, between Yáuri and Kotórkoshe; the Shengáwa in Jakwa, between Yáuri and Haúsa; and the Dekérkeri settled in Tabé, Zúru, Bangenjatáwa, and in Kagaye.

1st day. Tsáru.

FROM BUNZA TO YÁURI.

(a.) Western road.

2nd. A'llelú, on a river of the same name.

3rd. Dáji, perhaps the word meaning wilderness; no town. 4th. Gangu (gúngu, "the island" [on the Kwára?]). 5th. Yáuri.

(b.) Eastern road.

1st day. Bussukúttu, according to this information, a village of Kebbi; but generally regarded as belonging to the territory of Yáuri.

2nd. Kúsará, lying on the other side of a rivulet called Gulbi-n-Chúso; here you sleep, when the river is full of water, the crossing of it occupying a long time; else proceed, and halt in Zángo-n-dúmmia.

3rd. Gangwo.

4th. Yáuri.

I here give, as I have no other place, a short itinerary from Yáuri to Kotú-n-kúra, or rather Kotá-n-koró.

1st day. Rágadá, belonging to the territory of Yáuri,