It hath the primal eldest curse upon't, And what's in prayer, but this two-fold force,- Or pardon'd, being down? Then I'll look up; 6 i. e. though I was not only willing, but strongly inclined to pray, my guilt prevented me.' 7 i. e. caught as with birdlime." Bow, stubborn knees! and, heart, with strings of steel, Be soft as sinews of the new-born babe; All may be well! [Retires and kneels. Enter HAMLET. Ham. Now might I do it, pat, now he is praying; I, his sole son, do this same villain send Why, this is hire and salary 9, not revenge. With all his crimes broad blown, as flush as May; Up, sword; and know thou a more horrid hent 10: Then trip him, that his heels may kick at heaven: 8 That would be scann'd' that requires consideration, or ought to be estimated. 9 The quarto reads, base and silly. 10 Shakspeare has used the verb to hent, to take, to lay hold on, elsewhere; but the word is here used as a substantive, for hold or opportunity. 11 Johnson has justly exclaimed against the horrible nature The King rises and advances. King. My words fly up, my thoughts remain below: Words, without thoughts, never to heaven go 12. [Exit. SCENE IV. Another Room in the same. Enter Queen and POLONIUS. Pol. He will come straight. Look, you lay home to him: Tell him, his pranks have been too broad to bear with; And that your grace hath screen'd and stood be tween Much heat and him. I'll silence me e'en here. 'Pray you, be round with him1. Queen. I'll warrant you; Fear me not:-withdraw, I hear him coming. [POLONIUS hides himself. of this desperate revenge; but the quotations of the commentators from other plays cotemporary with and succeeding this, show that it could not have been so horrifying to the ears of our ancestors. In times of less civilisation, revenge was held almost a sacred duty; and the purpose of the appearance of the ghost in this play is chiefly to excite Hamlet to it. The more fell and terrible the retributive act, the more meritorious it seems to have been held. The King himself in a future scene, when stimulating Laertes to kill Hamlet, says, Revenge should have no bounds.' Mason has observed that, horrid as this resolution of Hamlet's is, ' yet some moral may be extracted from it, as all his subsequent misfortunes were owing to this savage refinement of revenge.' 12 First quarto: 'No king on earth is safe, if God's his foe.' 1 The folio here interposes the following speech :Ham. [Within.] Mother, mother, mother.' The circumstance of Polonius hiding himself behind the arras and the manner of his death are found in the old black letter prose Hystory of Hamblett. VOL. X. BB Enter HAMlet. Ham. Now, mother; what's the matter? Queen. Hamlet, thou hast thy father much offended. my Ham. Mother, you have father much offended. Queen. Come, come, you answer with an idle tongue. Ham. Go, go, you question with a wicked tongue. Queen. Why, how now, Hamlet? Ham. What's the matter now? Queen. Have you forgot me? No, by the rood, not so: You are the queen, your husband's brother's wife; And,-'would it were not so!-you are my mother. Queen. Nay, then I'll set those to you that can speak. Ham. Come, come, and sit not budge; You go not, till I set you up a glass Where you may see the inmost part of you. Queen. What wilt thou do? thou wilt not mur [Falls, and dies. Nay, I know not: Queen. O me, what hast thou done? Ham. Is it the king? [Lifts up the Arras, and draws forth POLO NIUS. Queen. O, what a rash and bloody deed is this! Ham. A bloody deed; almost as bad, good mother, As kill a king, and marry with his brother2. Queen. As kill a king! Ham. Ay, lady, 'twas my word.Thou wretched, rash, intruding fool, farewell! [To POLONIUS. I took thee for thy better; take thy fortune: If damned custom have not braz'd it so, In noise so rude against me? Ham. 2 There is an idle and verbose controversy between Steevens and Malone, whether the poet meant to represent the Queen as guilty or innocent of being accessory to the murder of her husband. Surely there can be no doubt upon the matter. The Queen shows no emotion at the mock play when it is saidIn second husband let me be accurst, None wed the second but who kill'd the first'and now manifests the surprise of conscious innocence upon the subject. It should also be observed that Hamlet never directly accuses her of any guilty participation in that crime. I am happy to find my opinion, so expressed in December, 1823, confirmed by the newly discovered quarto copy of 1603; in which the Queen in a future speech is made to say 3 But, as I have a soul, I swear by heaven, I never knew of this most horrid murder.' takes off the rose From the fair forehead of an innocent love,' &c. One would think by the ludicrous gravity with which Steevens |