Thanks for thy food. Carnivorous, through sin, Feed on the slain, but spare the living brute!
CRUELTY TO ANIMALS OFTEN SIGNALLY PUNISHED BY GOD.
The Governor of all, Himself to all So bountiful, in whose attentive ear
The unfledged raven and the lion's whelp Plead not in vain for pity, on the pangs Of hunger unassuaged, has interposed Not seldom his avenging arm, to smite The injurious trampler upon Nature's law, That claims forbearance even for a brute. He hates the hardness of a Balaam's heart; And, prophet as he was, he might not strike The blameless animal, without rebuke, On which he rode. Her opportune offence Saved him, or the unrelenting seer had died. He sees that human equity is slack To interfere, though in so just a cause; And makes the task his own. Inspiring dumb And helpless victims with a sense so keen Of injury, with such knowledge of their strength, And such sagacity to take revenge,
That oft the beast has seemed to judge the man. STORY OF MISAGATHUS; THE HORSE AVENGED.-EVANDER. An ancient, not a legendary tale, By one of sound intelligence rehearsed (If such who plead for Providence may seem In modern eyes), shall make the doctrine clear. Where England, stretched toward the setting sun, Narrow and long, o'erlooks the western wave, Dwelt young Misagathus; a scorner he Of God and goodness, atheist in ostent, Vicious in act, in temper savage-fierce.
He journeyed; and his chance was, as he went, To join a traveller, of far different note, Evander, famed for piety, for years Deserving honor, but for wisdom more. Fame had not left the venerable man A stranger to the manners of the youth, Whose face too was familiar to his view. Their way was on the margin of the land, O'er the green summit of the rocks, whose base Beats back the roaring surge, scarce heard so high. The charity, that warmed his heart, was moved At sight of the man-monster. With a smile Gentle, and affable, and full of grace,
As fearful of offending whom he wished Much to persuade, he plied his ear with truths Not harshly thundered forth or rudely pressed, But, like his purpose, gracious, kind, and sweet. 'And dost thou dream,' the impenetrable man Exclaimed, that me the lullabies of age, And fantasies of dotards such as thou, Can cheat, or move a moment's fear in me? Mark now the proof I give thee, that the brave Need no such aids as superstition lends
To steel their hearts against the dread of death.' He spoke, and to the precipice at hand
Pushed with a madman's fury, Fancy shrinks, And the blood thrills and curdles, at the thought Of such a gulf as he designed his grave. But, though the felon on his back could dare The dreadful leap, more rational, his steed Declined the death, and, wheeling swiftly round, Or ere his hoof had pressed the crumbling verge, Baffled his rider, saved against his will. The frenzy of the brain may be redressed By medicine well applied, but without grace The heart's insanity admits no cure. Enraged the more by what might have reformed His horrible intent, again he sought Destruction, with a zeal to be destroyed, With sounding whip, and rowels dyed in blood. But still in vain. The Providence that meant A longer date to the far nobler beast Spared yet again the ignoble for his sake. And now, his prowess proved, and his sincere Incurable obduracy evinced,
[earned His rage grew cool; and, pleased perhaps to have So cheaply the renown of that attempt, With looks of some complacence he resumed His road, deriding much the blank amaze Of good Evander, still where he was left Fixed motionless, and petrified with dread. So on they fared. Discourse on other themes Ensuing seemed to obliterate the past; And tamer far for so much fury shown (As is the course of rash and fiery men), The rude companion smiled, as if transformed. But 't was a transient calm. A storm was near, An unsuspected storm. His hour was come. The impious challenger of powers divine
Was now to learn that Heaven, though slow to wrath, Is never with impunity defied.
His horse, as he had caught his master's mood, Snorting, and starting into sudden rage, Unbidden, and not now to be controlled, Rushed to the cliff, and, having reached it, stood. At once the shock unseated him he flew Sheer o'er the craggy barrier; and, immersed Deep in the flood, found, when he sought it not, The death he had deserved, and died alone. So God wrought double justice; made the fool The victim of his own tremendous choice, And taught a brute the way to safe revenge.
EVEN A WORM NOT TO BE CAUSELESSLY KILLED OR HURT. — VERMIN.
I would not enter on my list of friends (Though graced with polished manners and fine Yet wanting sensibility) the man,
Who needlessly sets foot upon a worm. An inadvertent step may crush the snail, That crawls at evening in the public path; But he that has humanity, forewarned, Will tread aside and let the reptile live. The creeping vermin, loathsome to the sight, And charged perhaps with venom, that intrudes, A visitor unwelcome, into scenes
Sacred to neatness and repose, the alcove, The chamber, or refectory, may die : A necessary act incurs no blame.
WHAT KILLING OF ANIMALS IS WRONG; WHAT RIGHT. — THE RULE.
Not so when, held within their proper bounds, And guiltless of offence, they range the air, Or take their pastime in the spacious field: There they are privileged; and he that hunts Or harms them there is guilty of a wrong, Disturbs the economy of Nature's realm, Who, when she formed, designed them an abode. The sum is this: If man's convenience, health, Or safety, interfere, his rights and claims Are paramount, and must extinguish theirs. Else they are all- the meanest things that areAs free to live, and to enjoy that life, As God was free to form them at the first, Who in his sovereign wisdom made them all.
WEED OUT CRUELTY FROM THE HEARTS OF CHILDREN. MERCY.
Ye therefore, who love mercy, teach your sons To love it too. The spring-time of our years Is soon dishonored and defiled in most By budding ills, that ask a prudent hand
To check them. But, alas! none sooner shoot, If unrestrained, into luxuriant growth, Than cruelty, most devilish of them all. Mercy to him that shows it, is the rule And righteous limitation of its act,
By which Heaven moves in pardoning guilty man ; And he that shows none, being ripe in years, And conscious of the outrage he commits, Shall seek it, and not find it, in his turn.
MAN ACCOUNTABLE TO GOD FOR HIS TREATMENT OF ANIMALS.
Distinguished much by reason, and still more By our capacity of grace divine,
From creatures that exist but for our sake, Which, having served us, perish, we are held Accountable; and God some future day Will reckon with us roundly for the abuse Of what He deems no mean or trivial trust. Superior as we are, they yet depend Not more on human help than we on theirs. Their strength, or speed, or vigilance, were given In aid of our defects.
INSTINCT SOMETIMES SUPERIOR TO REASON. VALUABLE LES- SONS FROM BRUTES. ATTACHMENT. FIDELITY.
Such teachable and apprehensive parts, That man's attainments in his own concerns, Matched with the expertness of the brutes in theirs, Are ofttimes vanquished and thrown far behind. Some show that nice sagacity of smell,
And read with such discernment, in the port And figure of the man, his secret aim, That oft we owe our safety to a skill
We could not teach, and must despair to learn.
But learn we might, if not too proud to stoop To quadruped instructors, many a good And useful quality, and virtue too, Rarely exemplified among ourselves. Attachment never to be weaned, or chained By any change of fortune; proof alike Against unkindness, absence, and neglect; Fidelity, that neither bribe nor threat Can move or warp; and gratitude for small And trivial favors, lasting as the life, And glistening even in the dying eye.
MAN PRAISES MAN.-HANDEL AND THE MESSIAH.
Man praises man. Desert in arts or arms Wins public honor; and ten thousand sit Patiently present at a sacred song, Commemoration mad; content to hear (0 wonderful effect of music's power!) Messiah's eulogy for Handel's sake. But less, methinks, than sacrilege might serve- (For, was it less, what heathen would have dared To strip Jove's statue of his oaken wreath, And hang it up in honor of a man ?) — Much less might serve, when all that we design Is but to gratify an itching ear,
And give the day to a musician's praise. Remember Handel? Who, that was not born Deaf as the dead to harmony, forgets, Or can, the more than Homer of his age?
THE MINGLING OF DIVINE AND HUMAN PRAISE REPROVED. — SILLY LOYALTY OF THE SIMPLE CLERK.
Yes we remember him; and while we praise A talent so divine, remember too
That his most holy book, from Whom it came, Was never meant, was never used before, To buckram out the memory of a man. But hush!the muse perhaps is too severe; And with a gravity beyond the size
And measure of the offence rebukes a deed Less impious than absurd, and owing more To want of judgment than to wrong design. So in the chapel of old Ely House,
When wandering Charles, who meant to be the third, Had fled from William, and the news was fresh, The simple clerk, but loyal, did announce, And eke did rear right merrily, two staves, Sung to the praise and glory of King George !
MAN PRAISES MAN. GARRICK'S IDOLATERS SATIRIZED.
Man praises man; and Garrick's memory next, When time hath somewhat mellowed it, and made The idol of our worship while he lived The god of our idolatry once more, Shall have its altar; and the world shall go
In pilgrimage to bow before his shrine.
The theatre too small shall suffocate
Its squeezed contents, and more than it admits Shall sigh at their exclusion, and return Ungratified. For there some noble lord
Shall stuff his shoulders with King Richard's bunch, Or wrap himself in Hamlet's inky cloak,
And strut, and storm, and straddle, stamp, and stare, To show the world how Garrick did not act.
GARRICK'S IDOLATRY OF SHAKSPEARE.—WORSHIP OF HIS
For Garrick was a worshipper himself; He drew the liturgy, and framed the rites And solemn ceremonial of the day,
And called the world to worship on the banks Of Avon, famed in song. Ah! pleasant proof That piety has still in human hearts
Some place, a spark or two not yet extinct. The mulberry-tree was hung with blooming wreaths; The mulberry-tree stood centre of the dance; The mulberry-tree was hymned with dulcet airs; And from his touchwood trunk the mulberry-tree Supplied such relics as devotion holds Still sacred, and preserves with pious care. So 't was a hallowed time; decorum reigned, And mirth without offence. No few returned, Doubtless, much edified, and all refreshed.
MAN PRAISES MAN. POLITICAL IDOLS.
Man praises man. The rabble, all alive From tippling benches, cellars, stalls, and styes, Swarm in the streets. The statesman of the day, A pompous and slow-moving pageant, comes. Some shout him, and some hang upon his car, To gaze in 's eyes, and bless him. Maidens wave
Their kerchiefs, and old women weep for joy: While others, not so satisfied, unhorse The gilded equipage, and, turning loose His steeds, usurp a place they well deserve. Why? what has charmed them? has he saved the No. Doth he purpose its salvation? No. Enchanting novelty, that moon at full, That finds out every crevice of the head That is not sound and perfect, hath in theirs Wrought this disturbance. But the wane is near, And his own cattle must suffice him soon.
WHY THE POET PRAISES ANIMALS.
Thus idly do we waste the breath of praise, And dedicate a tribute, in its use And just direction sacred, to a thing
Doomed to the dust, or lodged already there. Encomium in old time was poets' work; But poets having lavishly long since Exhausted all materials of the art, The task now falls into the public hand; And I, contented with an humbler theme, Have poured my stream of panegyric down The vale of nature, where it creeps, and winds Among her lovely works, with a secure And unambitious course, reflecting clear, If not the virtues, yet the worth, of brutes. And I am recompensed, and deem the toils Of poetry not lost, if verse of mine May stand between an animal and woe, And teach one tyrant pity for his drudge.
THE NEW ERA OF LOVE AND MERCY APPROACHING.
The groans of Nature in this nether world, Which heaven has heard for ages, have an end. Foretold by prophets, and by poets sung, Whose fire was kindled at the prophets' lamp, The time of rest, the promised Sabbath, comes. Six thousand years of sorrow have well nigh Fulfilled their tardy and disastrous course Over a sinful world; and what remains Of this tempestuous state of human things Is merely as the working of a sea Before a calm, that rocks itself to rest :
For He, whose car the winds are, and the clouds The dust, that waits upon his sultry march, When sin hath moved him, and his wrath is hot, Shall visit earth in mercy; shall descend Propitious in his chariot paved with love; And what his storms have blasted and defaced, For man's revolt, shall with a smile repair.
THE HARP OF PROPHECY. THE POET'S MODEST EXCUSE.
Sweet is the harp of prophecy; too sweet Not to be wronged by a mere mortal touch; Nor can the wonders it records be sung To meaner music, and not suffer loss. But when a poet, or when one like me, Happy to rove among poetic flowers, Though poor in skill to rear them, lights at last On some fair theme, some theme divinely fair, Such is the impulse and the spur he feels To give it praise proportioned to its worth, That not to attempt it, arduous as he deems The labor, were a task more arduous still.
THE MILLENNIUM. — PARADISE RENEWED.
O scenes surpassing fable, and yet true, Scenes of accomplished bliss; which who can see, Though but in distant prospect, and not feel His soul refreshed with foretaste of the joy? Rivers of gladness water all the earth,
And clothe all climes with beauty; the reproach Of barrenness is past. The fruitful field Laughs with abundance; and the land, once lean, Or fertile only in its own disgrace, Exults to see its thistly curse repealed. The various seasons woven into one And that one season an eternal Spring,
The garden fears no blight, and needs no fence,
For there is none to covet, all are full.
The lion, and the libbard, and the bear, Graze with the fearless flocks; all bask at noon Together, or all gambol in the shade
Of the same grove, and drink one common stream. Antipathies are none. No foe to man
Lurks in the serpent now: the mother sees, And smiles to see, her infant's playful hand Stretched forth to dally with the crested worm, To stroke his azure neck, or to receive The lambent homage of his arrowy tongue. All creatures worship man, and all mankind
One Lord, one Father. Error has no place; That creeping pestilence is driven away; The breath of heaven has chased it. In the heart No passion touches a discordant string; But all is harmony and love. Disease Is not the pure and uncontaminate blood Holds its due course, nor fears the frost of age. One song employs all nations; and all cry, 'Worthy the Lamb, for He was slain for us!' The dwellers in the vales and on the rocks Shout to each other, and the mountain tops From distant mountains catch the flying joy; Till, nation after nation taught the strain, Earth rolls the rapturous Hosanna round. Behold the measure of the promise filled ; See Salem built, the labor of a God! Bright as a sun the sacred city shines; All kingdoms and all princes of the earth Flock to that light: the glory of all lands Flows into her; unbounded is her joy, And endless her increase. Thy rams are there, Nebaioth, and the flocks of Kedar there; The looms of Ormus,2 and the mines of Ind, And Saba's 3 spicy groves, pay tribute there. Praise is in all her gates: upon her walls, And in her streets, and in her spacious courts, Is heard salvation. Eastern Java there Kneels with the native of the farthest west; And Ethiopia spreads abroad the hand,
And worships. Her report has travelled forth Into all lands. From every clime they come To see thy beauty and to share thy joy, O Sion! an assembly such as earth Saw never, such as Heaven stoops down to see.
THE RESTORATION OF ALL THINGS TO THEIR PRISTINE PER- FECTION.
Thus heavenward all things tend. For all were Perfect, and all must be at length restored. [once So God has greatly purposed; Who would else In his dishonored works Himself endure Dishonor, and be wronged without redress. Haste, then, and wheel away a shattered world, Ye slow-revolving seasons! we would see (A sight to which our eyes are strangers yet) A world that does not dread and hate His laws, And suffer for its crime; would learn how fair The creature is that God pronounces good, How pleasant in itself what pleases Him.
MISERY, SELFISHNESS, AND WRONG OF THE WORLD, AS IT IS. -LAW FASHION; FALSE POLITENESS.
Here every drop of honey hides a sting; Worms wind themselves into our sweetest flowers; And even the joy, that haply some poor heart
1 Nebaioth and Kedar, the sons of Ishmael, and progenitors of the Arabs, in the prophetic Scripture here alluded to, may be reasonably considered as representatives of the Gentiles at large.
2 Ormus, the famous emporium of Asiatic commerce under the Portuguese; it was on an island at the narrow part of the Persian Gulf.
Derives from heaven, pure as the fountain is, Is sullied in the stream, taking a taint From touch of human lips, at best impure. O for a world in principle as chaste As this is gross and selfish! over which Custom and prejudice shall bear no sway, That govern all things here, shouldering aside The meek and modest truth, and forcing her To seek a refuge from the tongue of strife In nooks obscure, far from the ways of men ; Where violence shall never lift the sword, Nor cunning justify the proud man's wrong, Leaving the poor no remedy but tears: Where he, that fills an office, shall esteem The occasion it presents of doing good
More than the perquisite: where law shall speak Seldom, and never but as wisdom prompts And equity; not jealous more to guard A worthless form, than to decide aright: Where fashion shall not sanctify abuse, Nor smooth good breeding (supplemental grace) With lean performance ape the work of love!
SIGNS OF THE SECOND ADVENT. INFIDELITY RIPE. — RELIGION PROFANED. ERROR RAMPANT.
The very spirit of the world is tired Of its own taunting question, asked so long, Where is the promise of your Lord's approach?' The infidel has shot his bolts away, Till, his exhausted quiver yielding none, He gleans the blunted shafts that have recoiled, And aims them at the shield of Truth again. The veil is rent, rent too by priestly hands, That hides divinity from mortal eyes; And all the mysteries to faith proposed, Insulted and traduced, are cast aside, As useless, to the moles and to the bats. They now are deemed the faithful, and are praised, Who, constant only in rejecting Thee, Deny thy Godhead with a martyr's zeal, And quit their office for their error's sake. Blind, and in love with darkness! yet even these Worthy, compared with sycophants, who kneel, Thy name adoring, and then preach Thee man!
So fares thy church. But how thy church may fare The world takes little thought. Who will may And what they will. All pastors are alike [preach, To wandering sheep resolved to follow none.
PLEASURE AND GAIN. THE WORLD'S GODS. THE END AT HAND.
Two gods divide them all - Pleasure and Gain : For these they live, they sacrifice to these, And in their service wage perpetual war [hearts, With conscience and with Thee. Lust in their And mischief in their hands, they roam the earth, To prey upon each other; stubborn, fierce, High-minded, foaming out their own disgrace. Thy prophets speak of such; and, noting down The features of the last degenerate times, Exhibit every lineament of these.
Come, then, and, added to thy many crowns, Receive yet one, as radiant as the rest, Due to thy last and most effectual work, Thy word fulfilled, the conquest of a world!
A VIRTUOUS RETIREMENT THE TYPE OF THE HAPPIER LIFE TO COME.CONTENTED OBSCURITY.
He is the happy man, whose life even now Shows somewhat of that happier life to come; Who, doomed to an obscure but tranquil state, Is pleased with it, and, were he free to choose, Would make his fate his choice; whom peace, the Of virtue, and whom virtue, fruit of faith, [fruit Prepare for happiness - bespeak him one Content indeed to sojourn while he must Below the skies, but having there his home. The world o'erlooks him in her busy search Of objects, more illustrious in her view; And, occupied as earnestly as she, Though more sublimely, he o'erlooks the world. She scorns his pleasures, for she knows them not; He seeks not hers, for he has proved them vain. He cannot skim the ground like summer birds Pursuing gilded flies; and such he deems Her honors, her emoluments, her joys.
SPIRITUAL PROGRESS THE TRUE PURPOSE OF LIFE; SELF-CONQUEST THE WORTHIEST AMBITION.
Therefore in contemplation is his bliss, Whose power is such, that whom she lifts from She makes familiar with a heaven unseen, And shows him glories yet to be revealed. Not slothful he, though seeming unemployed, And censured oft as useless. Stillest streams Oft water fairest meadows, and the bird That flutters least is longest on the wing. Ask him, indeed, what trophies he has raised, Or what achievements of immortal fame He purposes, and he shall answer — - None. His warfare is within. There unfatigued His fervent spirit labors. There he fights, And there obtains fresh triumphs o'er himself, And never-withering wreaths; compared with which The laurels that a Cæsar reaps are weeds.
RETIREMENT FORBIDS NOT THE HIGHEST USEFULNESS. — ISAAC.
Perhaps the self-approving, haughty World, That as she sweeps him with her whistling silks Scarce deigns to notice him, or, if she see, Deems him a cipher in the works of God, Receives advantage from his noiseless hours, Of which she little dreams. Perhaps she owes Her sunshine and her rain, her blooming Spring And plenteous harvest, to the prayer he makes When, Isaac-like, the solitary saint Walks forth to meditate at eventide, And think on her, who thinks not for herself. Forgive him, then, thou bustler in concerns Of little worth, an idler in the best, If, author of no mischief, and some good, He seek his proper happiness by means That may advance, but cannot hinder, thine. Nor, though he tread the secret path of life, Engage no notice, and enjoy much ease, Account him an incumbrance on the state, Receiving benefits, and rendering none.
His sphere, though humble, if that humble sphere Shine with his fair example, and though small His influence, if that influence all be spent In soothing sorrow and in quenching strife, In aiding helpless indigence, in works From which at least a grateful few derive Some taste of comfort in a world of woe- Then let the supercilious great confess He serves his country, recompenses well The state, beneath the shadow of whose vine He sits secure, and in the scale of life Holds no ignoble, though a slighted, place.
THE MAN OF VIRTUES MORE FELT THAN SEEN. TRUE REFINEMENT.
The man whose virtues are more felt than seen Must drop indeed the hope of public praise; But he may boast, what few that win it can, That, if his country stand not by its skill, At least his follies have not wrought her fall. Polite refinement offers him in vain Her golden tube, through which a sensual world Draws gross impurity, and likes it well, The neat conveyance hiding all th' offence. Not that he peevishly rejects a mode Because that world adopts it. If it bear The stamp and clear impression of good sense, And be not costly more than of true worth, He puts it on, and for decorum sake Can wear it even as gracefully as she. She judges of refinement by the eye, He by the test of conscience, and a heart Not soon deceived; aware that what is base No polish can make sterling; and that vice, Though well perfumed and elegantly dressed, Like an unburied carcass tricked with flowers, Is but a garnished nuisance, fitter far For cleanly riddance than for fair attire.
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