...anything that has ever been great or beautiful in architecture. That which I have . . . insisted upon as the life of the whole, that spirit which is given only by the hand and eye of the workman, can never be recalled. IOHN RUSKIN (1819-1900), English an crilic, author. Quoled in: t. P. Thompson....

...destruction. Architecture is only possible under the conditions of the age in which it arose, he maimains : 'the life of the whole, that spirit which is given...may be given by another time, and it is then a new building.'*8 Ruskin arrives at conclusions diametrically opposed to those of Viollet-le-Duc, who was...

...anything that has even been great or beautiful in architecture. That which I have . . . insisted upon as the life of the whole, that spirit which is given only by the hand and eye of the workman, can never be recalled.173 We had no right, Ruskin felt, to touch the architectural heritage of our...

...conservation literature. one being respect for original surface; That which I have above insisted upon as the life of the whole. that spirit which is given...hand and eye of the workman. never can be recalled ....And as for direct and simple copying. it is palpably impossible. What copying can there be of surfaces...

...as the life ofthe whole, that spiris wich is given onlyby the hand and eye ofthe workman, can never be recalled Another spirit may be given by another...time, and it is then a new building; but the spirit ofthe dead workman cannot be summoned up. and eommanded to direct other hands, and other thoughts....

...impossible as to raise the dead, to restore anything that has ever been great or beautiful in architecture. ..Another spirit may be given by another time, and...workman cannot be summoned up, and commanded to direct our hands. ..'And: 'The thing [restoration] is a Lie from beginning to end. You may make a model of...